Test #1 Vocab Flashcards
Ecology
The study of the interaction and relationships among organisms and their abiotic environment.
Evolution
Development or change of species over time resulting in differences among organisms
Law
If this, then this.
Theroy
The same thing as a law, just with explanation
Origin of Species
The book written by Charles Darwin that was the beginnings of the theory of evolution
Adaptors
Any trait that enables an organism to survive and/or reproduce.
Fitness
Survive and reproduce
Tolerance
An organisms ability to withstand the environments of too much or too little.
Population
The amount of the same species in the same environment
Community
A collection of species living in the same spot at the same time
Phenotype
The visible expression of a gene
Genotype
The allele or genetic combo to give us a phenotype
Ecosystem
All living and nonliving things, Community and environment
Environment
The factors that influence an organism, constantly changing.
Species
Can successfully interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
Directional Selection
Tendency to shift towards one extreme or the other via the phenotype
Stabilizing Selection
Tendency for phenotypes to concentrate on the intermediate and we lose the extremes
Disruptive Selection
Phenotypes to concentrate at the extremes, while ignoring the intermediates
DNA
Genetic Material
Genes
DNA segments that code for RNA
Mutation
any change in DNA
Variation
The variety of genes that diversify a species, largely occur by chance.
Polyploid
Variation in whole set of chromosomes
Crossing Over
When homologus pairs exchange material during early meiosis
Independent Assortment
Random arrangement of homologues chromosomes when lining up in metaphase
Fertilization
Which egg will be fertilized by what sperm by chance
Energy
The capacity to do work
Matter
anything that takes up space and has mass
Work
Any change in the state of motion of matter
Potential Energy
Stored energy
Kinetic Energy
Energy of motion
Laws of Thermodynamics
1.) Energy cannot be destroyed nor created
2.) Entropy tends to increase
Enthropy
State of disorder
Homeostasis
Maintence of a relatively constant internal environment reguardless of the external environment.
Thermohomeostasis
The ability to regulate ones internal temperature
Endotherm
Use its internal processes to maintain internal temperatures.
Ectotherm
Uses the external environment to regulate temperature
Poikiotherm
Variable internal temperature
Homeotherm
relatively constant internal temperature
Stenotherm
Lives in narrow range or external temperatures
Eurytherm
Lives in a wide range of external temperatures
Transfer of Energy
Sun->Primary, Secondary, Tertiary Producers->Respiration<-Decomposers. Final stage is heat.
Hydrologic Cycle
Rain, puddle, clouds etc.
Carbon Cycle
Biological(Photosynthesis/Respiration)/Physical(Geology/Fossil Fuels) component. Fast v. Slow
Nitrogen Cycle
Nitrogen Gas -> Nitrogen Fixing -> Ammonium->Nitrification->Nitrates/ites->Denitification
Phosphorus Cycle
Very, Very Slow process and phosphorus is limiting b/c of it.
Dynamic Equilibrium
The environment is always changing, while operating within its normal range.
Succession
The progression of changing species in a community in response to a disturbance.
Disturbance
Any relatively discrete event in time thats disrupts community structure and changes the physical environment.
Intensity
Physical Force
Severity
Impact on the community, organisms, or thing in question.
Resistance
The capacity to maintain natural function and structure after a disturbance
Resilience
The ability to recover after a natural disturbance.
Frequency
of events in a given time frame
Magnitude
Intensity + Severity
