Test 1: Transfusion Practices Flashcards
What type of immunity is Mediated by macrophages, T cells, and
dendritic cells?
Innate or Natural Immunity
* Cellular defense mechanism
What type of immunity?
- B cells produce specific antibodies
- Complement binds to immunoglobulin
molecules that have specific complement
receptor sites
Acquired or Adaptive Immunity
* Humoral mechanism
90% of immunohematology testing is done on what type of blood cells?
Red blood cells
-mostly testing for the presence or absence of antigens
Blood group systems are divided based on…
chromosome location or similar location on a gene?
What are the antigen characteristics influencing
immune response?
- Size
- Complexity
- Conformation
- Charge
- Accessibility
- Solubility
- Digestibility
- Chemical composition
What is the second most immunogenetic blood group antigen?
Blood group antigen: D
Blood group system: Rh
Immunogenicity: 50%
You (can or cannot) make an antibody to an antigen you posses?
cannot!
Type of antibodies that are produced without foreign blood exposure. Born with these.
Naturally Occurring Antibodies
type of antibodies:
- Environment stimulated: pollen grains and bacteria membranes
Naturally Occurring Antibodies (check this one)
Which one falls under the naturally occurring antibodies category? and which for the immune antibodies?
IgG and IgM
Naturally Occurring Antibodies- IgM
Immune Antibodies- IgG
type of antibodies that are produced after foreign blood exposure
Immune Antibodies
What are the antibodies that fall under the Immune antibodies category?
Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, and Ss blood group systems
What are the antibodies that fall under the naturally occurring antibodies category?
ABH, Hh, Ii, Lewis, MN, and P blood group systems
React best at 37oC
IgG antibodies
React best at low temp, activate complement, may be hemolytic at 37oC
IgM cold agglutinins
Which is associated with compliment binding? IgG or IgM?
IgG
How many compliment binding sites does IgG have?
2 (small)
What are the heavy chain isotypes?
Gamma- IgG
Alpha- IgA
Mu- IgM
What does the FC region do?
The Fab region?
binds complement
binds antigen
Basic Immunoglobulin Structure
- Papain and pepsin digestion
- Disulfide bonds
- Constant and variable regions
How many antigen binding sited does IgM have?
10 (much bigger than IgG)
What is the light chain type for IgM, IgG, and IgA?
Kappa and Lambda
Fixes complement?
IgM:
IgG:
IgA:
IgM: often
IgG: some
IgA: No
Hemolytic in vitro?
IgM:
IgG:
IgA:
IgM: often
IgG: rare
IgA: No