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Health and Human Development 1/2 > Test 1 Revision - Semester 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Revision - Semester 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Physical Health

A

How efficiently the body and its systems function, and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness.

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2
Q

Social Health

A

Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both and independent and cooperate way. E.g. having a healthy relationship

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3
Q

Mental Health

A

Refers to the state of well-being in which the individual realise his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life.

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4
Q

Development

A

A continual process beginning at conception and ending with death.

Changes are qualitative (can’t be measured easily).

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5
Q

What are the 4 components of development?

A
  • Physical
  • Intellectual
  • Emotional
  • Social
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6
Q

Physical development

A

The changed that relate to people’s size and shape, and therefore, body structure.

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7
Q

Intellectual development

A

The ways in which people are able to think and reason.

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8
Q

Emotional development

A

Deals with feelings and moods and the ways in which people express, understand and exercise control over them.

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9
Q

Social development

A

The increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships with other people.

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10
Q

Determinants of health

A 
The combination of factors that determine youth health. These factors can increase our chances of ill health or good health. 
E.g: 
- Biological
- Behavioural
- Physical environment etc.
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11
Q

Biological factors

A

Factors relating to the body that impact on health, such as genetics, hormones, body weight etc.

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12
Q

Prenatal stage

A

Conception - 9 months (birth)

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13
Q

Infancy

A

Birth- 2nd birthday

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14
Q

Early childhood

A

2nd birthday- 6th birthday

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15
Q

Late Childhood

A

6th birthday - 12 years old

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16
Q

Youth/ adolescence

A

12-18

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17
Q

Early adulthood

A

19-40

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18
Q

Middle adulthood

A

40-65

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19
Q

Late adulthood

A

65- until death

20
Q

Growth

A

An increase in the size and number of cells in the body.

Growth is quantitative (it can be measured)

21
Q

P.I.E.S Infancy

A

P- teeth appear, rolls, sits, crawls
I- speaking, brain and CNS develops
E- Learns words, cries, smiles
S- aware of family (main socialising group)

22
Q

P.I.E.S Early Childhood

A

P- Can feed self, 1st set of teeth
I- uses many words, asks questions
E- increasing independence
S- learns to make friends

23
Q

P.I.E.S Youth

A

P- Puberty
I- Problem solving more complex
E- Intellectual maturity
S- may have intimate relationships

24
Q

WHOs definition of health

A

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

25
Q

Development principles

A
  1. Development is continual
  2. Development is predictable
  3. Development cannot occur until a child is maturely and intellectually ready.
  4. There is individual variation in the rate of development.
  5. Development relies on muscular and neutral maturation
  6. Development is sequential
26
Q

What are the limitations of WHO’s defintion?

A
  • It is very unlikely that anyone will ever be in a ‘complete’ state of well-being.
27
Q

Individual health status

A

An individual’s or population’s overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors.

28
Q

Life expectancy

A

Life expectancy is one of the most common methods used to measure health status. It gives an indication of how long a person is expected to live.

29
Q

Morbidity

A

The rate at which a particular disease or illness occurs

30
Q

Mortalilty

A

Mortality refers to the deaths in a population. The mortality rate is therefore an indication of how many deaths occurred in a population in a given period of time for a specific cause.

31
Q

DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life Years)

A

A measure of the loss of healthy life as a result of non-fatal health conditions, illness, injury or premature death.

32
Q

Burden of disease

A

A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries; specifically it measures the gap between health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. It is measured in DALY.

33
Q

Incidence

A

Incidence refers to the number (or rate) of new cases of a disease/ condition in a population during a given period.

34
Q

Prevalance

A

The number of proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.

35
Q

Trends

A

A long term general movement or change in frequency, usually either upwards or downwards.

E.g. A unhealthy behaviour that is becoming more frequent.

36
Q

HALE (Healthy Adjusted Life Years)

A

HALE estimates the number of healthy years an individual is expected to live at birth by subtracting the years of ill health – weighted according to severity – from overall life expectancy.

37
Q

Infant mortality rate

A

Infant mortality is the death of a child less than one year of age.

38
Q

Maternal mortality rate

A

Maternal death is the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy.

39
Q

Health indicators

A
  • life expectancy
  • mortality rates
  • morbidity rates
40
Q

Fine motor skills

A

the manipulation and coordination of small muscle groups such as those in the hands

41
Q

Gross motor skills

A

the manipulation and coordination of large muscle groups such as those in the arms and legs.

42
Q

Reasons for improvement in life expectance

A
  • improved technology
  • vaccinations
  • education
  • hygiene
  • more medication
43
Q

Developmental milestones

A

a significant skill or event occurring in a person’s life: for example, learning to walk, getting a job or having children.

44
Q

Cephalocaudal law

A

The cephalocaudal law maintains that development spreads over the body form head to foot.

45
Q

Proximodistal Law

A

The proximodistal law maintains that development spreads outward from the central axis of the body or trunk to the extremities like hands and feet.

Health and Human Development 1/2 (6 decks)

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