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Sheep Science 404G > Test 1 part 2 > Flashcards

Test 1 part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 6 value determining characteristics of wool?

A
  1. grade
  2. staple length
  3. wastiness (noils) and soundness (strength)
  4. purity
  5. clean wool yield
  6. character and color
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2
Q

any blood grade can fit in any class, except ___, _____, and _____ cannot be french combing

A

1/4, low 1/4 and common braid

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3
Q

what happens in combing?

A
  1. noils (short fibers) removed from clothing
  2. longest fibers used
  3. finest wool used
  4. minium 2 3/4 for fine, 5” for braid
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4
Q

the lower the grade the ____ the fiber must be

A

longer

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5
Q

what two categories can become warted wool?

A

combing and french combing

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6
Q

French combing

A
  1. intermediate length
  2. fibers wooven parallel
  3. minimum 1 1/4 for fine, 3/8 needs to be 2 1/4 - 3 1/4”
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7
Q

clothing wool

A
  1. can have short fibers removed in clothing
  2. less than 1/4 for fine
  3. less than 5” for braid
  4. fibers wooven crossways (felted)
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8
Q

carpet wool

A
  1. mixture of coarse fibers and hair
  2. long wool breeds
  3. small amount produced in the U.S.
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9
Q

how many sheep fleeces fit into one bag?

A

20-40

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10
Q

what is scouring?

A

washing the fleece

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11
Q

what is the extra step in warted processing?

A

combing

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12
Q

tweed is made of ?

A

rough woolens

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13
Q

What are the 11 steps in the marketing and manufacturing of wool?

A
  1. shear in one piece
  2. sort grease wool
  3. dust
  4. scour
  5. dry
  6. dye
  7. card
  8. comb
  9. spin
  10. weave or knit
  11. finish
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14
Q

Whats happens in Shear in one Piece and what step is it?

A

a) wool bag (20-40 fleeces) - 200 to 400 lb
b) sell to warehouse
1. truck or deliver
2. check from warehouse
3. clip

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15
Q

Whats happens in sort grease wool and what step is it?

A
  1. by fleece at warehouse

2. body parts (blending) at mill

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16
Q

Whats happens in dust and what step is it?

A

you dust silly!

17
Q

Whats happens in scour and what step is it?

A
  1. 3 to 6 tubs (hot water and soap)
  2. strength
  3. lanolin (centrifuge)
18
Q

Whats happens in dry and what step is it?

A
  1. low temperature

2. denaturation

19
Q

Whats happens in dye and what step is it?

A
  1. after scouring (stock dyed)
  2. after spinning (yarn dyed)
  3. after weaving (piece dyed)
20
Q

Whats happens in card and what step is it?

A
  1. circular drums
  2. straighten fiber (interlace into thin web)
  3. both woolens and worsteds are carded - ONLY WORSTEDS ARE COMBED
  4. web divided into narrow strips (slivers), rubbed together to form roving. roving twisted to form yarn for tweeds
  5. still has short fibers
21
Q

Whats happens in comb and what step is it?

A
  1. carded slivers combed and condensed
  2. straightened fibers, lays them parallel, removes noils
  3. strands make up a sliver
  4. silver wound into a ball called top
  5. yarn twisted to form roving
22
Q

Whats happens in spin and what step is it?

A
  1. roving placed on small rollers to draw fibers out farther

2. wound on bobbins and twisted to give finished yarn

23
Q

Whats happens in weave or knit and what step is it?

A

warp=threads lengthwise

weft=threads crosswise

24
Q

Whats happens in finish and what step is it?

A
  1. woolens
    a. brushed (napped) gives fuzzy look
    b. can shear or single
  2. worsteds - sometimes brushed lightly to give fuzzy look
  3. both fabrics are shrunk (fulling=tighten weave)
    a. wet, press through rollers, and wash
    b. steam dry
  4. moisture, heat, friction, and pressure shrink material to give smooth appearance
25
Q

what are some common sheep diseases? (7)

A
  1. sore mouth
  2. tetanus
  3. enterotexemia (type D)
  4. vibrosis (f)
  5. enzootic abortion in ewes (EAE)
  6. leptospirosis
  7. caseous
26
Q

what disease causes sudden death?

A

enterotoxemia type D

27
Q

what is a toxoid?

A

Vaccines are toxoids; they prevent disease

28
Q

what is a antitoxin?

A

Anti-toxins are used when a problem already exists

29
Q

roving

A

to join textile fibers with a slight twist or pull

30
Q

sliver

A

an untwisted strand of the textile fiber produced by carding or combing and ready fir drawing, roving or spinning

31
Q

what is the cause of sore mouth?

A

virus in the environment always

Sheep Science 404G (3 decks)

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