Test 1 - Histology Flashcards
Outer layer of eye
Made of dense CT
Point of attachment for Extraocular muscles
Sclera
Layer of the eye that is the transition between the sclera and cornea
Limbus
Layer of cornea which consists of transparent and randomly oriented collagen type I fibers.
Protects against trauma and bacteria
Bowman’s layer
Layer of cornea
Collagen I and IV
Fibers thin, parallel bundles at various angles. Fibroblasts between layers. High proteoglycans
Stroma
Layer of cornea that is the thick basement membrane
Descemet’s membrane
Antibacterial enzyme contained within the lacrimal secretion.
Lysozyme
The anterior boundary of the photosensitive portion of the retina. Non-photosensitive portion of retina continues anteriorly to cover the ciliary body
Ora serata
Extends from the lens to the retina, contains gel-like substance composed of water, hyaluronic acid, and collagen fibers.
Vitreous chamber
Entry and exit point for the optic nerve and blood vessels. No photoreceptors
Optic disc
Yellow spot on the posterior retina
Macula lutea
Found between sclera and retina ((posterior portion of uveal tract))
Choroid
The pigmented vascular layer of the eyeball between the retina and the sclera
Choroid
Functions of the choroid?
Accomodation (change size of pupil)
Production of aqueous humor
Continuation of the ciliary body in front of the lens
Iris
Watery secretion formed by the epithelium of the ciliary process that supplies the cornea and lens w oxygen and nutrients
Aqueous humor
Sharpest vision is at the ?
Fovea
Blind spot in the retina?
Optic disc
Fibrous connective tissue joints in the skull
Sutures
The vestibular apparatus consists of ?
Utricle
Saccule
Semicircular canals
Glands that produce earwax?
Ceruminous glands
Earwax = cerumen
Auditory ossicles
Malleus, incus, stapes
The stapes amplifies sound by?
Putting pressure on the oval window
The middle ear is lined with what type of cells?
Columnar to pseudostratified ciliated epithelium w/ mucous glands
Part of ear that maintains the pressure balance between tympanic cavity and external environment
Middle ear
Organ of corti is part of the inner ear that is located in the ? And is responsible for ?
Cochlea. Auditory sense
Central portion of cochlea which contains the spiral ganglion?
Modiolus
Bipolar neurons in the spiral ganglion make contact with hair cells where? In order to transmit sound information
Basilar membrane
Movement of the __ deflects stereocilia which transmits information about position and movement
Cupula (of gelatinous material)
Transition between sclera and cornea
Limbus
Layer of corneum that functions to retain tears
Corneal epithelial
Found between retina and sclera.
Contains melanocytes
Choroid
Projection of choroid and retina
Functions to produce aqueous humor and for accomodation
Ciliary body and processes
Continuation of ciliary body in front of lens
Iris
Bathes the nonvascular cornea and lens and supplies them w nutrients and oxygen
Aqueous humor
Controls the amount of light entering the eye.
Continuation of the ciliary body.
Anterior surface has no epithelial.
Posterior surface has pigmented cells
Iris
Focuses light on the retina.
Avascular.
Lens
The non-photosensitive portion of retina
Ora serata
Sharpest vision is at ?
Fovea, in macula
Membrane that is synthesized by the pigmented epithelial cells and attaches the retina to the choroid?
Bruch’s membrane
Maintains viability of sensory retina. Transports nutrients to outer portion of sensory retina. Removes waste products Phagocytosis of photoreceptor disks Metabolism of retinol
Pigmented epithelial cells
Synapses between the photoreceptor cells and the bipolar neurons.
Outer plexiform layer
Synapse between bipolar neurons and ganglion cells
Inner plexiform layer
Nuclei of rods and cones are located ?
In the outer nuclear layer
Supporting glial cells
Muller cells
Connects the ear to the nasopharynx. Maintains pressure balance between tympanic cavity and external environment.
Eustahian tube
Air-filled. AKA tympanic cavity. Vibration from here are carried thru this section by the bony ossicles
Middle ear
Central portion of cochlea which contains spiral ganglion
Modiolus
Structures w perilymph?
Scala vestibuli and scala tympani
Organ of corti has 1 inner hair and ___ Outer hairs?
3
Macula are the vestibular structures located in the
Utricle and saccula
Crista ampullaris is the vestibular structure located in the
Ampullae of the semicircular canals
This structure is a ridge in the ampulla of the semicircular canals.
Has hair cells for sensory (stereocilia, single kinocilium)
Covered by cupula of gelatinous material.
Movement of cupula deflects stereocilia which transmits info about position and movement
Crista ampullaris
Hair cells covered by otolithic membrane(gelatinous matrix covered w otoliths)
Stereocilia that move in response to movement of otolithic membrane and endolymph
Macula of saccule and utricle
