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Cross sectional (IMG1001) > test 1- head and neck > Flashcards

test 1- head and neck Flashcards

1
Q

seven uppermost vertebra

A

cervical

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2
Q

uppermost vertebra are ___ than the lower vertebra

A

smaller

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3
Q

there is a slight ___ formed by the cervical vertebra

A

curvature

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4
Q

the first cervical vertebra supports the __

A

skull

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5
Q

unlike other vertebra, the body is missing from C1 and is replaced by ___ from C2

A

dens

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6
Q

The second vertebra has a unique process, the ___, which extends upwards to act as the ___ for C1

A

dens

body

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7
Q

together, the ___ and ___ greatly increase the ability to rotate the head

A

c1 (atlas) & c2 (axis)

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8
Q

all cervical vertebra have a ___ in each trv process

A

foramen

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9
Q

vertebra arteries pass through the ___

A

transverse process

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10
Q

unlike lower vertebra, the cervical spinous process is often ___

A

bifid

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11
Q

neck is divided into 2 major regions

A
  1. anterior triangle

2. posterior triangle

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12
Q

the ___ runs obliquely from the sternum to the mastoid of temporal bone and is dividing line between the two anterior & posterior triangle

A

sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM)

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13
Q

hyoid bone is located in the ____ ,anteriorly at ___ and posteriorly at ___

A
  • midline of neck
  • anteriorly, at the base of mandible
  • posteriorly at C4
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14
Q

muscles of the ___ triangle are classified according to their location relative to the hyoid bone

A

anterior

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15
Q

infrahyoid muscles

A

underneath the hyoid bone

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16
Q

suprahyoid muscles

A

above the hyoid bone in the neck

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17
Q

infrahyoid muscles

A
  1. thyrohyoid
  2. sternohyoid
  3. sternothyroid
  4. omohyoid
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18
Q

omohyoid muscle originated in the ___ triange and crosses ___ the SCM to emerge in the ___ triangle

A

posterior
posterior (under)
anterior

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19
Q

suprahyoid muscles

A
  1. digastric
  2. mylohyoid
  3. stylohyoid
  4. geniohyoid
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20
Q

posterior triangle muscles

A
  1. trap
  2. levator scapulae
  3. splenius capitis
  4. scalene muscle grp (ant, mid, post)
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21
Q

the most anterior of the posterior triangle muscles

A

scalene

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22
Q

anterolateral boarder for the sternothyroid, sternohyoid, and omohyoid muscles

A

strap muscles

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23
Q

facial vein courses over ___ muscles of the ___triangle

A

suprahyoid

anterior

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24
Q

external jugular vein course ___ to the posterior triangle muscles, along the ___

A

anterior

SCM

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25
Q

the pharynx is the proximal passage for ___

A

both respiratory and digestive tracts

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26
Q

pharynx starts from the base of ___ to ___

A

skull

C6

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27
Q

connects the nasal cavity and mouth superiorly to the larynx and esophagus inferiorly

A

pharynx

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28
Q

3 regions of the pharynx

A
  1. nasopharynx
  2. oropharynx
  3. laryngopharynx
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29
Q

most superior region of pharynx

A

nasopharynx

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30
Q

most inferior region of pharynx

A

laryngopharynx

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31
Q

posterior to the nasal cavity, inferior to the sphenoid bone, superior to the level of soft palate

A

nasopharynx

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32
Q

nasopharynx passes

A

air

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33
Q

oropharynx passes

A

food & air

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34
Q

posterior to the oral cavity, extending from soft palate to epiglottis

A

oropharynx

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35
Q

laryngopharynx passes

A

food & air

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36
Q

posterior to the upright epiglottis and extends to the larynx

A

laryngopharynx

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37
Q

tongue base, vocal chords and trachea can be found in this region

A

laryngopharynx

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38
Q

nasopharynx is superior to the ___

A

sphenoid bone

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39
Q

nasopharynx is superior to the ___

A

level of soft palate

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40
Q

oropharynx is ___ to the oral cavity

A

posterior

41
Q

narrowest of the 3 pharynx sections

A

laryngopharynx

42
Q

located between the hyphoid bone and the level of the larynx and esophagus

A

laryngopharynx

43
Q

laryngopharynx continues as the ___ at the level of the circoid cartilage

A

esophagus

44
Q

air continues to the larynx ___ and food to the esophagus ___

A

anteriorly

posteriorly

45
Q

marks the boundary between the oropharynx and the laryngeal pharynx

A

epiglottis

46
Q

the ___ and ___ separate the nasopharynx and oropharynx

A

soft palate and uvula

47
Q

depressions on each side of the anterior wall of laryngopharynx that function to avert food away from the larynx

A

piriform recesses (sinuses)

48
Q

hyoid bone is found at the angle of the ___

A

neck

49
Q

adam’s apple is commonly used to describe the

A

thyroid cartilage

50
Q

the ___ cartilage is found connecting to the trachea

A

cricoid

51
Q

external unpaired cartilages of larynx

A
  1. thyroid
  2. epiglottis
  3. cricoid
52
Q

largest and most superior external unpaired cartilage of larynx

A

thyroid

53
Q

epiglottis is unique due to

A

flexibility

54
Q

laminae unite in midline to form protective box for vocal folds and forms “adam’s apple”

A

thyroid cartilage

55
Q

complete ring that marks the end of larynx and beginning of trachea and esophagus

A

cricoid cartilage

56
Q

external paired cartilages of larynx

A
  1. arytenoids
  2. corniculate
  3. cuneiform
57
Q

most inferior paired cartlage

A

arytenoid

58
Q

pyramid shaped cartilages that sit on the cricoid

A

arytenoid

59
Q

horn- shaped, help in open and closing of glottis during voice production

A

corniculate

60
Q

small, curved cartilages within the aryepiglottic fold

A

cuneiform

61
Q

anterior larynx is from C__ - C__

A

C3-C6

62
Q

larynx is formed by (3)

A
  1. hyoid bone
  2. thyroid cartilage
  3. cricoid cartilage
63
Q

superiorly opens to laryngopharynx, inferiorly continue with the trachea

A

anterior larynx

64
Q

t/f: the hyoid bone is u shaped with 1 horn on each side

A

FALSE - 2 horns (lesser & greater)

65
Q

epiglottis is spoon shaped and lies ___ to the u-shaped hyoid bone

A

posterior

66
Q

paired arytenoid cartilages are found ___ the thyroid and rest __ of the cricoid cartilage

A

behind

on top

67
Q

from right sagittal view, what are the structures of the larynx from right to left

A

most right = most anterior

  • epi
  • cricoid
  • thyroid
  • arythenoid
  • corniculate
68
Q

superior pair of ligaments (vestibular folds)

A

false vocal cords

69
Q

t/f: false vocal cords play role in production of voice

A

false

70
Q

inferior pair of ligaments

A

true vocal cords

71
Q

true vocal cords move towards ___ during phonation (speech)

A

midline

72
Q

true vocal cords more from opening, glottis during ___

A

respiration

73
Q

primary structure involved in voice production

A

glottis

74
Q

superior to vocal folds is pair of mucosal folds

A

false vocal cords

75
Q

vocal folds and the medial opening between them is called

A

the gottis

76
Q

space on either side between the tongue and epiglottis

A

vallecula

77
Q

proximal passageway for the GI tract, transport food from mouth to the stomach

A

esophagus

78
Q

on transverse image, esophagus will appear as a flat, soft tissue structure ___ to the trachea and ___ the vertebral structures

A

posterior

anterior

79
Q

anterior portion of trachea is ___ whereas posterior surface is ___

A

cartilage

flexible membrane

80
Q

provides a ridgid secure airway for respiratory system

A

anterior trachea cartilage

81
Q

allows esophagus to expand when swallowing food

A

posterior trachea

82
Q

common carotid artery branch into

A

internal & external carotid artery

83
Q

internal carotid artery and vertebral arteries supply

A

brain

84
Q

common carotid artery and internal jugular vein are __ in the neck

A

deep

85
Q

the external jugular vein is found ___ in the neck

A

superficial

86
Q

L&R ___ vein fuse to form into SVC

A

brachiocephalic

87
Q

external jugular vein drain blood from the

A

superficial head and neck

88
Q

internal jugular vein drains blood from the

A

brain and deep neck

89
Q

the main vein

A

internal jugular

90
Q

thyroid is in the ___ neck

A

anterior

91
Q

superior border of the lateral lobes of thyroid starts at the ___

A

thyroid cartilage

92
Q

blood supplied to thyroid gland by ___ from ___ & ___ from ___

A

superior thyroid artery
external carotid
inferior thyroid artery
subclavian artery

93
Q

superior & middle thyroid veins drain into the

A

internal jugular vein

94
Q

inferior thyroid vein drains into the

A

brachiocephalic veins

95
Q

longus colli muscle is the ___ landmark for thyroid

A

posterior

96
Q

trachea and esophagus are the ___ landmark for thyroid

A

medial

97
Q

strap muscles (sternohyoid, sternothyroid & omohyoid) are the ___ landmark for thyroid

A

anterolateral boarder

98
Q

sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) us the ___ landmark for thyroid

A

lateral and superficial

99
Q

the common carotid artery and internal jugular vein are the ___ landmarks for thyroid

A

posterior lateral boarder

Cross sectional (IMG1001) (6 decks)

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