Midterm 1 Flashcards
In what region are the following organs found: Liver, gallbladder, kidney, suprarenal gland, and colon (hepatic flex)
right hypochondrium
what organs are found in the epigastric region
liver, transverse colon, abdominal aorta, IVC, pylorus
organs in left hypochondrium
stomach, spleen, kidney, suprarenal gland, colon (splenic flex)
In what region are the following organs found: colon (ascending), small intestine
right lumbar
In what region are the following organs found: transverse colon, duodenum, pancreas, aorta, IVC, SI, iliac vessels
umbilical
in what region are the following organs found: kidney, solon (descending), pancreas, SI
Left lumbar
organs in right iliac fossa region
caecum, appendix, SI (ilium)
organs in the hypogastric region
distendable organs of pelvis (bladder), SI, Iliac vessels
organs in left iliac region
sigmoid colon, SI
organs in thoracic cavity
lungs heart great vessels thymus esophagus
organs in abdominal cavity
stomach liver gallbladder spleen pancreas intestines kidneys ureters
organs in pelvic cavity
urinary bladder
rectum
reproductive organs`
boundaries in abdominal cavity (3)
- peritoneal spaces
- peritoneal organs
- retro-peritoneal organs
superior boarder in abdominal cavity
diaphragm
inferior boarder in abdominal cavity
pelvic floor muscles
posterior boarder in abdominal cavity
muscles of the back
anterior boarder in abdominal cavity
abdominal wall muscles
lateral boarder in abdominal cavity
abdominal muscles
superficial–> deep abdominal muscles
- external
- internal
- transverse (deepest)
what passes through the diaphragm
IVC, AO, esophagus
what is the Quadratus laborum
kidney bed (where kidneys lie in scan)
what lines the outside of abdominal cavity
parietal peritoneum
what surrounds the organs of abdominal cavity
visceral peritoneum
term for space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum
peritoneal cavity
organs within peritoneal cavity (almost all covered with visceral peritoneum)
liver gallbladder stomach spleen transverse colon small bowl
organs within retro-peritoneal space
SAD PUCKER
- suprarenal glands (adrenal glands)
- Aorta / IVC
- duodenum
- pancreas (tail is intra-peri)*
- ureters
- colon (only ascending& descending)
- kidney
- esophagus
- rectum
what is the main lobar fissure
imaginary line drawn through gallbladder fossa and MHV to IVC
what 3 are involved in portal triad
- bile duct
- hepatic portal vein
- hepatic artery
what does falciform ligament divide
lateral & medial Left lobe
what is the smallest functional unit of the liver
portal triad
4 lobes of liver
- left
- right
- caudate
- quadrate
what is the quadrate lobe
- medial lobe
- couinaud seg. 4b
what is the most anterior part of the liver
left lobe
what separates the left lobe from the right lobe
imaginary line: main lobar fissure / cantlie’s line
what vessel is within the main lobar fissure
MHV
largest lobe of liver
right
what is the inferior/posterior surface of the right lobe bordered by?
porta hepatis, gallbladder, IVC
smallest lobe of liver
caudate
what are the borders for the caudate lobe
IVC & ligamentum venosum
caudate lobe is ___ to ligamentum venosum
posterior
another name for round ligament
ligamentum teres
quadrate lobe is located between the ___ and ___ ___
- gallbladder
2. ligamentum teres/ round ligament
in the periphery of each segment there is vascular outflow through the ___
hepatic veins
gallbladder divides
anterior right lobe from medial left lobe
ligamentum teres divides
medial and lateral portion of left lobe
left intersegmental fissure divides
medial and lateral Left lobe
intersegmental fissure includes what 2 ligaments
round ligament & falciform ligament
RHV divides
right lobe into anterior and posterior segments
MHV divides
right and left lobe
LHV divides
left lobe into lateral & medial
portal veins divide
superior and inferior portions
echogenicity of portal vein walls
echogenic walls
echogenicity of hepatic vein walls
not as echogenic
at the level of the splenic vein, only the ___ segments are visible
inferior
what segment of the liver is seen with the kidney
8 / anterior superior
what segment is: caudate lobe
1
what segment is: lateral superior
2
what segment is: lateral inferior
3
what segment is: medial superior
4a
what segment is medial inferior
4b
what segment is anterior inferior
5
what segment is posterior inferior
6
what segment is inferior posterior
7
what segment is inferior anterior
8
portal vein is __ to IVC
anterior
landmarks that separate left lobe of liver from right?
MHV / Cantlie’s line
sagittal divides body into
left and right
coronal plane divides body into
anterior / posterior
transverse divides body into
superior / inferior
T/F: Radiography is great for imaging soft tissue
FALSE - good for bone
___ is a medical imaging technology that uses x-ray and complex computer algorithms to produce cross-sectional images of the body
CT
what is bone on the Hounsfield scale
1,000 bc highly absorbs xray
what is water on the housfield scale
0
what is air on the housfield scale
-1000
___ works well for visualizing soft tissue and overlapping structures
MRI
compared to radiography, MRI does not show much ___
bone anatomy
MRI T1 for fat is seen as
bright
MRI T1 for fluid is seen as
dark
PET scans help you see the __ of what you are looking at
function
