TEST 1 (GEN AND ORAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY) Flashcards
Among the muscles of the TMJ, the following muscle opposing stabilizing and antagonistic muscle force as far as the disc is concerned?
A. Medial pterygoid
B. Temporalis
C. Lateral pterygoid
D. External Pterygoid
C. Lateral pterygoid
A knife wound to the neck damages the
posterior cord of the brachial plexus. Which of the following muscles would be most likely being
paralyzed?
A. Deltoid
B. Flexor carpi ulnaris
C. Flexor digitorum superficialis
D. Flexor pollicis brevis
E. Palmaris longus
A. Deltoid
What TMJ ligament is derived from the 1st branchial arch?
A. Temporomandibular
B. Sphenomandibular
C. Stylomandibular
D. Lateral
B. Sphenomandibular
All of the following are found in the posterior
triangle of the neck except one. Which one is the
exception?
A. external jugular vein
B. subclavian vein
C. hypoglossal nerve
D. phrenic nerve
E. brachial plexus
C. hypoglossal nerve
What muscle originates in the temporal fossa
and passes to the zygomatic arch to insert into the anterior border and mesial surface of the coronoid process of the mandible.
A. Temporalis
B. External Pterygoid
C. Masseter
D. Internal Pterygoid
A. Temporalis
The auriculotemporal nerve encircles which of
the following vessels?
A. maxillary artery
B. superficial temporal
C. deep auricular artery
D. middle meningeal artery
E. anterior tympanic
D. middle meningeal artery
NOTES:
MMA- Middle meningeal artery, Pterion= thinnest portion of skull
It is structure that does not contain taste buds and parallel’s the large ovoid structures forming
a V at the posterior ⅓ of the tongue
A. Fungiform Papillae
B. Filiform Papillae
C. Foliate Papillae
D. Circumvallate Papillae
B. Filiform Papillae
The branchial arches disappear when the ________ branchial arch grows down to contact
the ______.
A. second; third branchial arch
B. second; fifth branchial arch
C. third; fifth branchial arch
D. first; first branchial groove
E. first; sixth branchial groove
B. second; fifth branchial arch
The duct of a major salivary gland which opens
in the area opposite the second molar area region of the maxilla
A. Wharton’s Duct
B. Bartholin’s Duct
C. Rivini’s Duct
D. Stensen’s Duct
D. Stensen’s Duct
Blood from the internal carotid artery reaches
the posterior cerebral artery by the _______.
A. anterior cerebral artery
B. anterior communicating artery
C. posterior communicating artery
D. posterior superior cerebellar artery
E. basilar artery
C. posterior communicating artery
What part of the respiratory tract does the trachea and bronchioles belong to?
A. Upper respiratory tract
B. lower respiratory tract
C. Upper and Lower
D. Neither
B. lower respiratory tract
Which of the following best describes the
direction of blood flow through a patent ductus
arteriosus in an infant?
A. From aorta to left pulmonary artery
B. From aorta to left pulmonary vein
C. From aorta to right pulmonary artery
D. From left pulmonary artery to aorta
E. From right pulmonary artery to aorta
A. From aorta to left pulmonary artery
NOTES:
ABNORMAL- From aorta to left pulmonary artery
NORMAL- From left pulmonary artery to aorta
Which of the following tissues normally has the
highest percentage of mucus-secreting cells?
A. Esophageal mucosa
B. Oral mucosa
C. Parotid gland
D. Sublingual gland
E. Submandibular gland
D. Sublingual gland
In which segment of the nephron does the
tubular fluid have the highest osmolality?
A. bowman’s capsule
B. proximal tubule
C. henle’s Loop
D. distal tubules
C. henle’s Loop
The AV node is an area of specialized tissue
between the atria and the ventricles of the heart.
The SA node is considered the pacemaker of the
heart.
A. The first statement is false, second one is true
B. Both statements are true
C. Both statements are false
D. The first statement is true, second one is false
B. Both statements are true
Under normal conditions, the main drive for
respiration is the
A. arterial PCO2 acting through central chemoreceptors
B. arterial PCO2 acting through peripheral chemoreceptors
C. arterial pH acting through central chemoreceptors
D. arterial pH acting through peripheral chemoreceptors
E. arterial PO2 acting through central chemoreceptors
A. arterial PCO2 acting through central chemoreceptors
NOTES:
BRAIN= Central= ↑CO2
HEART= Peripheral= ↓O2
Bile enters the gastrointestinal tract at the ____.
A. gastroesophageal sphincter
B. duodenum
C. jejunum
D. ileocecum
B. duodenum= pancreas
From which of the following arteries does the
sphenopalatine artery arise?
A. External carotid
B. Facial
C. Maxillary
D. Ophthalmic
E. Transverse facial
C. Maxillary
A man competing in a weightlifting competition
lifts 325 lb over his head and holds it there for 5
seconds. Suddenly, his arms give way and he drops the weight to the floor. Which of the following receptors is responsible for this sudden muscle relaxation?
A. Free nerve endings
B. Golgi tendon organ
C. Merkel disk
D. Muscle spindle
E. Pacinian corpuscle
B. Golgi tendon organ
The following are characteristics of the foramen
cecum, EXCEPT _____
A. passage of emissary vein
B. at the tip of the circumvallate papilla
C. embryologic location of thyroid gland
D. at the large intestine
D. at the large intestine❌
If a patient has a drooping right eyelid and a
dilated right pupil, which of the following neural
structures is most likely affected?
A. Cervical sympathetic chain
B. Facial nerve
C. Oculomotor nerve
D. Superior cervical ganglion
E. Trigeminal nerve
C. Oculomotor nerve
As a result of a viral infection, a patient has
swelling of the left facial nerve within the facial
canal. The patient’s face appears asymmetrical,
and he complains that saliva drips from his mouth while he is chewing. Paralysis of which of the following muscles accounts for these symptoms?
A. Buccinator
B. Masseter
C. Palatoglossus
D. Palatopharyngeus
E. Temporalis
A. Buccinator
Deoxygenated blood from the transverse sinus
drains into the ___________.
A. Inferior sagittal sinus
B. Confluence of sinuses
C. Sigmoid sinus
D. Straight sinus
E. Internal jugular vein
C. Sigmoid sinus
The superior and inferior ophthalmic veins drain
into the ________.
A. Internal jugular vein
B. Pterygoid plexus
C. Frontal vein
D. Infraorbital vein
E. Facial vein
E. Facial vein
Which of the ff. is present in plasma but absent
in serum?
A. Albumin
B. Globulin
C. Lecithin
D. Fibrinogen
E. Prothrombin
D. Fibrinogen
NOTES:
SERUM
- ❌ Clotting factors (1,2,5,7)
- absence of fibrinogen
The volume of gas in the lungs at the end of
the normal expiration is _____.
A. Functional residual capacity
B. Inspiratory reserve volume
C. Residual volume
D. Expiratory reserve volume
A. Functional residual capacity
NOTES:
Functional residual capacity- after NORMAL expiration
Residual volume- after MAXIMAL expiration
If a lumbar puncture needle passes through the
interlaminar space between the fourth and fifth
lumbar vertebrae, which space does it enter?
A. Epidural
B. Intramuscular
C. Subarachnoid
D. Subcutaneous
E. Subdural
A. Epidural
Which organelle is responsible for metabolism
of molecules, substances, and chemicals?
A. Endoplasmic reticulum
B. Lysososome
C. Mitochondria
D. Golgi apparatus
C. Mitochondria
The following BEST describes skeletal Muscle,
_______.
A. contracts when calcium is taken up by
sarcoplasmic reticulum
B. relaxes after calcium binds to troponin
C. contracts when actin and myosin filaments
shorten
D. contraction is initiated by calcium binding to
troponin
D. contraction is initiated by calcium binding to
troponin
The smallest bones of the human body are
found in the:
A. petrous temporal
B. mastoid temporal
C. zygomatico temporal
D. squamous temporal
A. petrous temporal
A patient received a severe blow to the lateral
side of the head, resulting in an epidural hematoma. Which of the following blood vessels was most likely torn?
A. Anterior cerebral artery
B. Middle cerebral artery
C. Middle meningeal artery
D. Superficial temporal artery
E. Superior cerebral vein
B. Middle cerebral artery
Which of the following promotes mitosis?
A. P2I
B. BAX
C. RAS
D. P53
C. RAS
Which of the following statements regarding
the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is true?
A. The third cranial nerve (the oculomotor nerve)
carries sympathetic fibers to the smooth muscles of the eye.
B. The facial and the glossopharyngeal cranial
nerves carry the parasympathetic preganglionic
fibers for the autonomic innervation to the salivary glands.
C. The parasympathetic nervous system innervates primarily striated muscle in the body.
D. The parasympathetic nervous system is
organized for diffuse activation and responses.
B. The facial and the glossopharyngeal cranial
nerves carry the parasympathetic preganglionic
fibers for the autonomic innervation to the salivary glands.
The structure within the cell that is thread-like
within the cytoplasm and is a major source of ATP
A. cytoskeleton
B. centrioles
C. mitochondria
D. golgi apparatus
C. mitochondria
Which is the constriction of the pupil of the eye
condition that can be caused by a normal response to an increase in light, certain drugs or pathological condition?
A. myopia
B. hyperopia
C. miosis
D. mydriasis
C. miosis
NOTES
MiOsis- cOnstrict
MyDriasis- Dilate
