Test 1: Drugs Flashcards
Dissociative Anesthetics
Ketamine
Tiletamine (Telazol)
The minimum acceptable level of oxygen for delivery
of anesthetic gas
30 - 35%
(FiO2 = 0.30 - 0.35)
Fraction of inspired oxygen
The metabolic requirement for oxygen
5 - 10 mL/kg/min
The pressure in a patient’s lungs
<15 psi
The capacity of an E-cylinder
660 L
The capacity of an H-cylinder
6600 L
Equation for calculating remaining oxygen in an E cylinder
(given psi of E-cylinder)
2200 psi/ 660 L = psi left on E tank/ Flow (L/min)
Equation for calculating minutes left of oxygen in E-cylinder
X Liters/ Flow (L/min)
The pressure in the flush valve
50 psi
Boiling point of Desflurane
Room temp! 23.5C
Anesthetic gases used for short induction and recovery
Iso, Sevo, Des
Anesthetic gas used for long induction and recovery
Halothane
Mild analgesic gas with a low blood-gas PC
Nitrous Oxide
Acepromazine and Benzodiazepine are
Sedatives
Mu opioid antagonist and kappa opioid agonist
Butorphanol
Opioid reversal agent
Naloxone
Drugs included in the Triple Drip for sedation
Guaifenesin (GG)
Ketamine
Xylazine
Xylazine and Romifidine are the preferred sedatives
used in horses
(because they cause less ataxia than Detomidine)
What is the MOA?
Alpha-2 AGONISTS
The mainstay of equine pain relief,
these drugs have a long duration and can be given
per os
NSAIDS
Phenylbutazone
and
Flunixin meglumine
Drug used to reduce risk of nasal edema in horses
phenylephrine
A TECA patient woke up vocalizing and struggling,
which drugs could you give?
Hydromorphone (opioid agonist)
or
Dexmedetomidine (anxiolytic, sedative, analgesic)
IV anesthetic to AVOID in greyhounds
Thiobarbiturates
(Thiopental)
The sleep time in greyhounds is longer with this drug
Propofol
Drugs to avoid in collies (herding breeds) due to
MDR1 gene, which codes for p-glycoprotein,
a drug transport pump that limits ADME, particularly from
the brain, which results in drug toxicity
Ivermectins
Acepromazine
Butorphanol
A sedative/antiemetic drug that should be AVOIDED
in conjunction with cardiac/renal meds
Acepromazine
SSRIs and MAOIs have interactions with this drug,
an opioid to treat pain,
which can result in Serotonin Syndrome if given
in conjunction
Tramadol
Vomiting is seen commonly after premed
administration of this category of drug
Opioids
Routine coadministration of an
A2-Agonist and an Anticholinergic
(Medetomidine; Atropine)
is _____________
CONTRAindicated!
The MOA of Atipamezole
Alpha-2 ANTAGonist
Cardiovascular effects of this category of drugs include:
Strong Vasoconstriction
(causing increased systemic vascular resistance and high BP)
and then Reflex Bradycardia
(resulting in decreased tissue perfusion)
A2 Agonists
This drug may cause uterine contractions and abortion
in cattle
Xylazine
Atropine and Glycopyrrolate are
Anticholinergics
If you want to increase heart rate and decrease salivation/bronchial secretions,
which drugs should you give?
Anticholinergics (Atropine, Glycopyrrolate)
Which anticholinergic is preferred in Rabbits?
Glycopyrrolate
(due to increased capacity to breakdown Ach)