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8th History - America > Test 1, Chapters 1-3 > Flashcards

Test 1, Chapters 1-3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What did the writings of Marco Polo describe?

A

the marvels and wealth of the Orient

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2
Q

On which Caribbean island did Columbus make his first landing in the New World?

A

San Salvador

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3
Q

Who were the conquistadors?

A

military invaders form Spain

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4
Q

What was the first permanent European settlement in the US?

A

St. Augustine

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5
Q

What permanent French settlement in Canada was established by Samuel de Champlain?

A

Quebec

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6
Q

Who translated the Bible into English?

A

John Wycliffe

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7
Q

Where did English businessmen obtain money to establish a settlement?

A

joint-stock companies

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8
Q

Who saved Jamestown from the failure of the common-store system?

A

John Smith

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9
Q

Which crop became very important to the economic development of Jamestown?

A

tobacco

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10
Q

What representative assembly acted as an advisory body to the governor of the Virginia colony?

A

House of Burgesses

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11
Q

Why did the Scrooby congregation to leave Leyden, Holland?

A

Catholic Spain threatened to make war with Holland, bringing persecution. The Dutch placed work restrictions on the immigrants. They wanted to protect their children from the worldly Dutch influence.

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12
Q

What English-speaking Indian lived in Plymouth, acted as a guide and interpreter, and taught the Pilgrims how to hunt and fish?

A

Squanto

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13
Q

What was the first institution of higher learning in America?

A

Harvard College

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14
Q

What was accomplished by the ‘Ole Deluder Satan Act of 1647?

A

All towns of at least fifty families were required to hire a teacher so children could learn to read & write.

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15
Q

Who was the “Apostle to the Indians”?

A

John Eliot

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16
Q

What precedent did the New England Confederation set for the colonies?

A

voluntary union of the colonies

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17
Q

What was a proprietary colony?

A

a colony controlled by a noblemen

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18
Q

What act granted freedom of worship to all profession Christians living in the Maryland colony?

A

Toleration Act

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19
Q

Searched for the fountain of youth

A

Ponce de Leon

20
Q

discovered the Pacific Ocean

A

Vasco de Balboa

21
Q

identified the lands which Columbus had discovered as a “New World”

A

Amerigo Vespucci

22
Q

conquered the Aztecs

A

Hernando Cortes

23
Q

discovered the Mississippi River

A

Hernando de Soto

24
Q

Men like Francis Drake helped the ____ defeat the Spanish.

A

English

25
Q

Puritans hoped to “purify” the ________.

A

Church of England

26
Q

_____ was known as the “city of brotherly love.”

A

Philadelphia

27
Q

Thomas Hooker founded the settlement of

A

Hartford

28
Q

The first Baptist church in America was founded in _________.

A

Rhode Island

29
Q

New Netherland is now known as

A

New York

30
Q

The members of the Society of Friends were commonly called

A

Quakers

31
Q

The “Great Migration” brought thousands of ______ to New England.

A

Puritans

32
Q

established by Sir Walter Raleigh

A

Roanoke

33
Q

the first permanent English settlement in the New World

A

Jamestown

34
Q

founded by Lord Baltimore as a haven for English Catholics

A

Maryland

35
Q

the governor of Pennsylvania also controlled this colony

A

Delaware

36
Q

intended as a settlement for debtor prisoners

A

Georgia

37
Q

John Winthrop was the first governor of this colony

A

Massachusetts Bay

38
Q

colony made of Separatists and “Strangers”

A

Plymouth

39
Q

Who posted the Ninety-five Theses, sparking the Protestant Reformation?

A

Martin Luther

40
Q

What type of building did the Swedes introduce to the New World?

A

log cabin

41
Q

What was the name of the ship which carried the Pilgrims to the New World?

A

Mayflower

42
Q

Who wrote History of Plymouth Plantation?

A

William Bradford

43
Q

Who founded the colony of Rhode Island?

A

Roger Williams

44
Q

Be able to identify the following on a map of the Western Hemisphere:

A

Victoria Island, Baffin Island, Hudson Bay, Atlantic Ocean, Greenland, Rocky Mts., Gulf of Mexico, Pacific Ocean, Andes Mts., Tierra del Fuego

45
Q

Compare and contrast Jamestown’s communal (common-store) system with the free-enterprise system. What is the result of each system? Which is the best system? Why?

A

In the common-store system, all men contribute to a central storehouse according to their ability and receive goods form this storehouse according to their needs.
In the free-enterprise system, individuals are free to earn their won living based on personal enterprise.
The common-store system failed - resulting in food shortages and inefficient production - because settlers knew they could obtain supplies from the storehouse whether of not they worked and contributed their fair share.
The free-enterprise system places responsibility for one’s welfare on one’s own shoulders, thus motivating men to work and provide for themselves.
The free-enterprise system is superior to the common-store system because it accounts for man’s sinful nature.

8th History - America (56 decks)

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