Test 1- Ch.3 Labor, Delivery and Physiologic Changes after Birth

Question 1

Gravida is the

Answer 1

of pregnancies

Question 2

Primigravida is the

Answer 2

1st pregnancy

Question 3

Multigravida

Answer 3

Multiple pregnancies

Question 4

Parity or Para is the

Answer 4

previous live (viable) births

Question 5

___________ always includes pregnancies while _____ only idicates previous viable births

Answer 5

Gravida;
Para

Question 6

what does TPAL stand for?

Answer 6

Term, Preterm, Abortion/ miscarriage, Life births

Question 7

Example of TPAL:
G4P2102

Answer 7

G- 4th pregnancy
P- 2
T- 2 full term
P- 1 preterm
A-0 abortion
L- 2 Living

Question 8

What is the process of giving birth? (5)

Answer 8

1st- Rupture of the membrane
2nd- Dilation of the cervix
3rd- Contraction of the uterus
4th- Separation of the placenta
5th- Shrinking of the uterus

Question 9

During the first stage of labor and delivery

Answer 9

Onset of concentractions begin and the cervix begins to stretch and widen

Question 10

The stretching or thinning of the cervix is called what?

Answer 10

effacement

Question 11

The widening of the cervix is called

Answer 11

dilation

Question 12

The first contractions usually are ___ to ___ minutes apart and last about how long in the first stage?

Answer 12

10 -15 minutes ;
30- 90 seconds

Question 13

The 2nd stage of labor is the actual

Answer 13

delivery of the fetus

Question 14

Full dilation and 100% effacement to delivery of fetus happens in what stage?

Answer 14

Second stage

Question 15

What happens in the third stage of labor?

Answer 15

Delivery of the placenta

Question 16

Stage 3 can take how long ? (range)

Answer 16

5 to 45 minutes

Question 17

How many of all pregnancies end in premature labor?

Answer 17

12%

Question 18

The process of stopping labor is called?

Answer 18

tocolysis

Question 19

What is one way of stopping labor?

Answer 19

pharmacological
- Terbutaline Sulfate
- Magnesium Sulfate

Question 20

What are some examples of nonpharmacological to prevent preterm labor?

Answer 20

• family planning assessment for prenatal pt
• pt education to identify signs of premature labor and when to seek help

Question 21

Is the prolongation of labor secondary to uterine, pelvic or fetal factors

Answer 21

Dystocia

Question 22

T or F.
As the length of labor increases, fetal mortality and morbidity increases

Answer 22

True

Question 23

___% of all births occur w/ the fetus in the _____ down position or ________ position

Answer 23

95%;
head;
vertex

Question 24

Any fetal presentation other than the vertex position is considered abnormal

Answer 24

something to know

Question 25

A dysfunctionaing of the Uterus may contract excessively is termed

Answer 25

hypertonic

Question 26

A dysfunctioning uterus may contract too mildly is termed

Answer 26

hypotonic

Question 27

The ______ presentation is the most common of all abnormal presentations, compromising about ____% of all births

Answer 27

breech; 95%

Question 28

What are some problems associated w/ umblicord?

Answer 28

- Prolapsed cord - Kinked cord - True knot - Nucal or tight nucal

Question 29

When the umbilical cord passes through the cervix into the birth canal ahead of the presenting part

Answer 29

prolapsed

Question 30

Compression of the cord can also occur in the uterus and that is referred to as

Answer 30

occult prolapse

Question 31

Examples of placental abnormalities (2)

Answer 31

- placenta previa - abruptio placenta

Question 32

Placenta previa is when the implantation occurs in the

Answer 32

lower portion of the uterus

Question 33

What are the 3 types of placenta previa

Answer 33

- low implantation- occupies the lower portion of the uterus but does cover the cervical opening - partial placenta previa- covers a portion of the cervical opening - total placenta previa- covers the opening of the cervix

Question 34

Any time a normally attached placenta separates prematurely from the uterine wall is called an

Answer 34

abruptio placentae

Question 35

The most common cause of abruption is

Answer 35

maternal hypertension (preeclampsia)

Question 36

What are some examples of assisted vaginal delivery?

Answer 36

- Vaccum extraction - Forceps extraction

Question 37

What are some side effects of using a vaccum extraction? (2)

Answer 37

- pop-off - hematomas

Question 38

What is a side effect of using forceps?

Answer 38

Facial or head injury

Question 39

A surgical incision through the maternal abdomen and uterus is called

Answer 39

cesarean (c-section) delivery

Question 40

What are some reasons for a c-section? (5)

Answer 40

- prior c-section - dystocia - breech or abdominal presentation - fetal distress - multiple gestation

Question 41

Fraternal twinning is an autosomal- recessive trait that is carried by the daughters of mothers of twins

Answer 41

!!

Question 42

Identical twins originate from

Answer 42

one ova

Question 43

The first breath is the sign of life

Answer 43

!!