Test 1 (CH1-2)

Question 1

Robert Hooke

Answer 1

Drawings of microorganisms & blueprint of microscope

Question 2

Leeuwenhoek

Answer 2

Built microscope that can magnify 50-300 times

Question 3

Spontaneous generation

Answer 3

claims that living organism can develop from non living

Question 4

Pasteur’s data showed ….?

Answer 4

that spontaneous generation theory is wrong

Question 5

Germ theory disease

Answer 5

the claim that microorganisms cause diseases

Question 6

Who published the book Micrographia?

Answer 6

Robert Hooke

Question 7

Pasteur showed that yeast and bacteria produce specific metabolic products such as alcohols & organic acids by ….?

Answer 7

Fermentaion

Question 8

Joseph Lister is best known for….?

Answer 8

Antiseptics

Question 9

What are antiseptics

Answer 9

A substance that stops or slows down the growth of microorganisms which is discovered by Joseph Lister

Question 10

Koch Postulate is important by …. ?

Answer 10

determining a causal relationships between microorganisms & a specific disease

Question 11

Pasteur showed that even cultures that are open to cair can remain sterile by using

Answer 11

Swan-neck flask (long tube)

Question 12

Koch Postulates cannot always be applied since _____; therefore, microbiologist use______?

Answer 12

not everything can be grown inside a culture , & they use molecular and genetic evidence

Question 13

Pasteur siccessfully attempted vaccination of a boy suffering from___?

Answer 13

rabies

Question 14

Louis Pasteur made contribution to what fields of microbiology

Answer 14

Food & dairy microbiology, and medical microbiology

Question 15

Characteristics of many types of dyes to strain microorganism

Answer 15

able to bind cells by ionic, covalent, or hydrophobic bond. & and they have chromophore groups

Question 16

Methylene blue, crystal violet and safranin are examples of which type of dye? (basic/ acidic)

Answer 16

Basic

Question 17

Basic & acidic dyes bind cells by what type of bond?

Answer 17

ionic

Question 18

Chromophore groups

Answer 18

chemical moieties that are present in many types of dyes to stain microorganism. Chromophore groups contains conjugated double bond that gives dye its color

Question 19

What type of staining is the background stained but not the cells

Answer 19

Negative type

Question 20

The ___ stain was developed by ____ in ____.

Answer 20

Gram; Christian Gram: 1884

Question 21

Gram-negative, and gram-positive bacteria is an example of

Answer 21

differential staining

Question 22

india ink and nigrosin are both _____

Answer 22

negative or capsule

Question 23

Gram strain step (crystal violet)

Answer 23

cells stain purple

Question 24

Gram stain steps (iodine)

Answer 24

cell remain purple

Question 25

Gram stain step (alcohol)

Answer 25

gram-positive cells remain purple, and gram-negative cells become colorless

Question 26

Gram stain step (safranin)

Answer 26

Gram-positive remains purple, and gram-negative cells appear red

Question 27

type of staining when the background is stained but not the cells

Answer 27

Negative staining

Question 28

Acid-fast organism have lipids constructed of _____ acid in their cell wall

Answer 28

Mycolic

Question 29

What is the network usually made of polysaccharides, that surrounds many bacteria and some fungi?

Answer 29

Capsule

Question 30

Mycobacterium tubercolosis requires what type of staining?

Answer 30

Acid fast staining

Question 31

visualization of the capsule on a bacterial cell requires a differential stain because _____

Answer 31

stains and dyes dont bind to polysaccharide around the capsule

Question 32

Capsules around the bacteria are usually composed of_____?

Answer 32

polysaccharides

Question 33

Acid-fast organism have lipids constructed of ______ acid inter cell wall

Answer 33

Mycolic acid

Question 34

What are long slender structures of locomotion found on some bacteria?

Answer 34

some bacteria have FLAGELLA to move around

Question 35

What type (transmission or scanning) of microscope works by radiation passing through a specimen

Answer 35

Transmission

Question 36

Scanning electron microscope works by_______?

Answer 36

producing image from electrons released around object’s image