Test 1 (Ch. 1, 3, 5) Flashcards
Simple squamous epithelium
allow for rapid diffusion
Locations: alveoli of lungs, inner lining of heart and blood vessels, intestines, surface mesothelium of pleura, pericardium, peritoneum, and mesenteries
Simple cuboidal epithelium
absorption and secretion, production of protective mucus, movement of respiratory mucus
Locations: liver, thyroid, mammary, salivary and other glands, kidney tubules, bronchioles
Simple columnar epithelium
absorption, secretion of mucus and other products, movement of egg and embryo in uterine tube
Locations: inner lining of stomach, intestines, gallbladder, uterus, uterine tubes.
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
secretes and propels mucus
Locations: respiratory tract from nasal cavity to bronchi, parts of male urethra
Stratified squamous epithelium- keratinized
resists abrasion and penetration by pathogenic organisms, retards water loss through skin
Locations: epidermis, palms and soles
Stratified squamous epithelium- nonkeratinized
resists abrasion and penetration by pathogenic organisms
Locations: tongue, oral mucosa, esophagus, anal canal, vagina
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
contributes to sweat secretion, secrete ovarian hormones, produces sperm
Locations: sweat-gland ducts, egg-producing vesicles of ovaries, sperm-producing ducts
Transitional epithelium
stretches to allow filling of urinary tract
Locations: urinary tract, part of kidney, ureter, bladder, part of urethra, umbilical cord
Areolar tissue
loosely binds epithelia to other tissues, allows passage of nerves and blood vessels through other tissues, immune defense, provide nutrients and waste removal for overlying epithelia
Locations: underlying epithelia, blood vessels, nerves, trachea, esophagus, fascia between muscles, mesenteries, visceral layers of pleura and pericardium
Reticular tissue
supportive stroma (framework) for lymphatic organs Locations: lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow
Dense regular connective tissue
ligaments bind bones together and resist stress, tendons attach muscle and transfer muscular tension to bones
Locations: tendons and ligaments
Dense irregular connective tissue
durable, hard to tear, withstands stresses applied in unpredictable directions
Locations: deeper portions of dermis, capsules around viscera like liver, kidney, spleen, fibrous sheaths around cartilage and bones
Adipose tissue
energy storage, thermal insulation, heat production by brown fat, protective cushion for some organs, filling space, shaping body
Locations: subcutaneous fat beneath skin, breast, heart surface, surrounding kidneys and liver
Hyaline cartilage
eases joint movements, hold airways open during respiration, moves vocal cords, replaces bones in infants
Locations: movable joints, rings and plates around trachea and bronchi, enclosure around larynx, fetal skeleton, attaches the end of a rib to the breastbone
Elastic caritlage
provides flexible, elastic support
Locations: external ear, epiglottis
Fibrocartilage
resist compression and absorbs shock in some joints
Locations: intervertebral discs, menisci, knee joint, shock-absorbing cartilage
Bone
physical support of body, leverage for muscle action, protective enclosure of viscera, reservoir of calcium and phosphorus
Locations: skeleton
Blood
transport gases, nutrients, wastes, chemical signals, and heat, provides defensive leukocytes, clotting to minimize bleeding, platelets secrete growth factors, promote tissue maintenance and repair
Locations: heart and blood vessels
Nervous tissue
internal communication
Locations: brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia
Skeletal muscle
body movements, facial expression, posture, breathing, speech, swallowing, control of urination and defecation, assistance in childbirth, under voluntary control
Locations: skeletal muscles, attached to bones, tongue, esophagus, around the lips, eyelids, urethra, and anus
Cardiac muscle
pumping of blood,under involuntary control
Locations: heart
Smooth muscle
swallowing, contractions of stomach and intestines, expulsion of feces and urine, labor contractions, control of blood pressure, respiratory airflow, pupillary diameter, erection of hairs, under involuntary control
Locations: walls of viscera, hair follicles, involuntary sphincters of urethra and anus
