Test 1 (Ch. 1, 3, 5)

Question 1

Simple squamous epithelium

Answer 1

allow for rapid diffusion
Locations: alveoli of lungs, inner lining of heart and blood vessels, intestines, surface mesothelium of pleura, pericardium, peritoneum, and mesenteries

Question 2

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 2

absorption and secretion, production of protective mucus, movement of respiratory mucus
Locations: liver, thyroid, mammary, salivary and other glands, kidney tubules, bronchioles

Question 3

Simple columnar epithelium

Answer 3

absorption, secretion of mucus and other products, movement of egg and embryo in uterine tube
Locations: inner lining of stomach, intestines, gallbladder, uterus, uterine tubes.

Question 4

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Answer 4

secretes and propels mucus

Locations: respiratory tract from nasal cavity to bronchi, parts of male urethra

Question 5

Stratified squamous epithelium- keratinized

Answer 5

resists abrasion and penetration by pathogenic organisms, retards water loss through skin
Locations: epidermis, palms and soles

Question 6

Stratified squamous epithelium- nonkeratinized

Answer 6

resists abrasion and penetration by pathogenic organisms

Locations: tongue, oral mucosa, esophagus, anal canal, vagina

Question 7

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

Answer 7

contributes to sweat secretion, secrete ovarian hormones, produces sperm
Locations: sweat-gland ducts, egg-producing vesicles of ovaries, sperm-producing ducts

Question 8

Transitional epithelium

Answer 8

stretches to allow filling of urinary tract

Locations: urinary tract, part of kidney, ureter, bladder, part of urethra, umbilical cord

Question 9

Areolar tissue

Answer 9

loosely binds epithelia to other tissues, allows passage of nerves and blood vessels through other tissues, immune defense, provide nutrients and waste removal for overlying epithelia
Locations: underlying epithelia, blood vessels, nerves, trachea, esophagus, fascia between muscles, mesenteries, visceral layers of pleura and pericardium

Question 10

Reticular tissue

Answer 10

supportive stroma (framework) for lymphatic organs
Locations: lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow

Question 11

Dense regular connective tissue

Answer 11

ligaments bind bones together and resist stress, tendons attach muscle and transfer muscular tension to bones
Locations: tendons and ligaments

Question 12

Dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 12

durable, hard to tear, withstands stresses applied in unpredictable directions
Locations: deeper portions of dermis, capsules around viscera like liver, kidney, spleen, fibrous sheaths around cartilage and bones

Question 13

Adipose tissue

Answer 13

energy storage, thermal insulation, heat production by brown fat, protective cushion for some organs, filling space, shaping body
Locations: subcutaneous fat beneath skin, breast, heart surface, surrounding kidneys and liver

Question 14

Hyaline cartilage

Answer 14

eases joint movements, hold airways open during respiration, moves vocal cords, replaces bones in infants
Locations: movable joints, rings and plates around trachea and bronchi, enclosure around larynx, fetal skeleton, attaches the end of a rib to the breastbone

Question 15

Elastic caritlage

Answer 15

provides flexible, elastic support

Locations: external ear, epiglottis

Question 16

Fibrocartilage

Answer 16

resist compression and absorbs shock in some joints

Locations: intervertebral discs, menisci, knee joint, shock-absorbing cartilage

Question 17

Bone

Answer 17

physical support of body, leverage for muscle action, protective enclosure of viscera, reservoir of calcium and phosphorus
Locations: skeleton

Question 18

Blood

Answer 18

transport gases, nutrients, wastes, chemical signals, and heat, provides defensive leukocytes, clotting to minimize bleeding, platelets secrete growth factors, promote tissue maintenance and repair
Locations: heart and blood vessels

Question 19

Nervous tissue

Answer 19

internal communication

Locations: brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia

Question 20

Skeletal muscle

Answer 20

body movements, facial expression, posture, breathing, speech, swallowing, control of urination and defecation, assistance in childbirth, under voluntary control
Locations: skeletal muscles, attached to bones, tongue, esophagus, around the lips, eyelids, urethra, and anus

Question 21

Cardiac muscle

Answer 21

pumping of blood,under involuntary control

Locations: heart

Question 22

Smooth muscle

Answer 22

swallowing, contractions of stomach and intestines, expulsion of feces and urine, labor contractions, control of blood pressure, respiratory airflow, pupillary diameter, erection of hairs, under involuntary control
Locations: walls of viscera, hair follicles, involuntary sphincters of urethra and anus