Test 1 Ch. 1-3

Question 1

The most widely used reference position used for describing joint movement is…

Answer 1

anatomical position

Question 2

Movement in what plane rotates around the sagittal or anteroposterior axis

Answer 2

frontal

Question 3

fibrous joints are joined together by what and are generally immovable

Answer 3

connective tissue fibers

Question 4

this may be used to measure specific amount of possible movement in joint

Answer 4

goniometer

Question 5

Ulnar flexion is what type of movement at the wrist in the frontal plane of the little finger side of the hand toward the medial forearm?

Answer 5

adduction

Question 6

Type of joint separated by a fibrocartilage pad that allows very slight movement between the bones.

Answer 6

Symphysis

Question 7

How many types of synovial (diarthrodial) joints are there?

Answer 7

6

Question 8

Area through which a joint may normally, freely, and painlessly move.

Answer 8

Range of motion (ROM)

Question 9

Circumduction isa circular movement of a limb that delineates what?

Answer 9

an arc or cone

Question 10

Movement of scapulae moving away from the spine is…

Answer 10

protraction

Question 11

Horizontal abduction is a movement of the humerus in the horizontal plane away from the ….

Answer 11

midline of the body

Question 12

Those in health fields should teach others how to strengthen, improve, and maintain muscles, bones and joints if…

Answer 12

it’s within their scope of practice

Question 13

structural kinesiology is the…..as they are involved in the science of movement.

Answer 13

study of muscles, bones, and joints

Question 14

Muscles work in groups and ….

Answer 14

in paired opposition

Question 15

As movement occurs in a given plane, the joint moves or turns around an….that has a 90-degree relationship to that plane

Answer 15

axis of rotation

Question 16

Flexion of the arm occurs in what plane

Answer 16

sagittal

Question 17

The frontal axis may also be referred to as the….

Answer 17

bilateral

Question 18

The skeletal system is composed of two regions, the….and….

Answer 18

appendicular and axial

Question 19

Bony landmarks are also known as…

Answer 19

surface features

Question 20

A term pertaining, usually, to muscles that arise or originate outside (proximal to) the body part on which they act.

Answer 20

Extrinsic

Question 21

The range of muscles-fiber length between maximal and minimal lengthening is called….

Answer 21

amplitude

Question 22

During contraction, the Sliding Filament Theory says that….

Answer 22

a muscle shortens

Question 23

A term pertaining, usually, to muscles that are within or belong solely to the body part on which they act.

Answer 23

Intrinsic

Question 24

The fibrous connective tissue, often cordlike in appearance that connects muscles to bones and other structures.

Answer 24

Tendons

Question 25

The .... reflex provided by the muscle spindle may be utilized to facilitate a greater response, as in the case of a quick, short squat before attempting a jump.

Answer 25

stretch reflex

Question 26

Regardless of the number involved, the individual muscle fibers within a given motor unit will fire and contract either maximally or not at all.

Answer 26

All or none principle

Question 27

Type of muscles that cross and act directly on only the joint that they cross.

Answer 27

Uniarticular

Question 28

The process that antagonist muscle groups must relax and lengthen when the agonist muscle group contracts is known as....

Answer 28

reciprocal innervation

Question 29

The muscle's ability to return to its original resting length following a stretch.

Answer 29

elasticity

Question 30

The specific movement of a joint that results from a concentric contraction of a muscle that crosses the joint.

Answer 30

Action

Question 31

Type of muscle that acts on three or more joints due to the line of pull between their origin and insertion crossing multiple joints

Answer 31

Multiarticular

Question 32

The central, fleshy portion of the muscle that generally increases in diameter as the muscle contracts.

Answer 32

Gaster

Question 33

Type of dynamic exercise usually using concentric and/or eccentic muscle contractions in which the speed (or velocity) of movement is constant.

Answer 33

Isokinetics

Question 34

This proprioceptor, serially located in the tendon close to the muscle-tendon junction is continuously sensitive to both muscle tension and active contraction.

Answer 34

GTO - golgi tendon organ

Question 35

Muscles that assist in the action of agonists, but are not necessarily prime movers for the action.

Answer 35

Synergists

Question 36

Type of contraction that occurs when tension develops within the muscle, but the joint angles remain constant.

Answer 36

Isometric

Question 37

Muscles usually located on the opposite side of the joint from the agonist and have teh opposite concentric action.

Answer 37

Antagonist

Question 38

Type of muscle that cross and act directly on two different joints.

Answer 38

Biarticular

Question 39

Type of contraction that occurs when the muscle develops tension as it shortens.

Answer 39

Concentric

Question 40

The amount of matter in a body that affects the speed and acceleration in physical movements.

Answer 40

Mass

Question 41

Study of mechanics as it relates to the functional and anatomical analysis of biological systems.

Answer 41

Biomechanics

Question 42

Sherrington's Law

Answer 42

Reciprocal innervations

Question 43

In the Laws of Motion, what term includes the direction and describes the rate of displacement?

Answer 43

Velocity

Question 44

The change in position or location of an object from its original point of reference.

Answer 44

Displacement

Question 45

The ability to control equilibrium is known as

Answer 45

Balance

Question 46

The study of forces associated with the motion of a body.

Answer 46

Kinetics

Question 47

The path of movement that is the actual sum length of measurement traveled.

Answer 47

Distance

Question 48

The force that results from the resistance between the surfaces of two objects moving agains one another.

Answer 48

Friction

Question 49

May be described as the resistance to action or change.

Answer 49

Inertia

Question 50

This is the product of mass times acceleration.

Answer 50

Force

Question 51

What is used to increase or multiply the applied force in performing a task or to provide a mechanical advantage.

Answer 51

Machines

Question 52

How fast an object is moving, or the distance an object travels in a specific amount of time.

Answer 52

Speed

Question 53

A body in motion tends to remain in motion at the same speed in a straight line unless acted on by a force; a body at rest tends to remain at rest unless acted on by a force.

Answer 53

Law of Inertia

Question 54

Newton's laws of motion apply in throwing because the individual's inertia and the ball's inertia must be...

Answer 54

overcome by the application of force

Question 55

The Law of Reaction states

Answer 55

For every action there is an opposite and equal reaction.

Question 56

In the Laws of Motion, what component includes the direction and describes the rate of displacement?

Answer 56

Velocity

Question 57

Third-class levers, with force applied between the axis and the resistance, are designed to produce speed and....

Answer 57

range of motion movements

Question 58

A typical physical example of a first-class lever is...

Answer 58

triceps in overhead elbow extension

Question 59

In baseball, hockey, golf, field hockey, and other sports, long levers similarly produce...

Answer 59

more linear force and thus better preformance

Question 60

Muscles work in groups and in ....

Answer 60

paired opposition to achieve dynamic movement