Test 1

Question 1

Eukaryotic Cells

Answer 1

Subdivided into various membrane enclosed organelles

Question 2

Prokaryotic Cells

Answer 2

Lack membrane-enclosed organelles

Question 3

Reductionalism

Answer 3

sometimes reducing complex systems to simpler compounds makes them easier to study

Question 4

Lifes 3 Domains

Answer 4

Bacteria Archaea Eukarya

Question 5

Bacteria

Answer 5

most diverse and widespread prokaryotes

Question 6

Archaea

Answer 6

prokaryotes, often live in Earth’s extreme environments

Question 7

Eukarya

Answer 7

Protists Plantae Fungi Animalia

Question 8

Protists

Answer 8

unicellular and simple mulitcellular relatives

Question 9

Plantae

Answer 9

multicelluar, carry out photosynthesis

Question 10

Fungi

Answer 10

defined by nutritional mode, absorb decomposing matter

Question 11

Animalia

Answer 11

multicellular organisms that ingest other organisms

Question 12

Elements that make up 96% of living matter

Answer 12

Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen

Question 13

Isotope

Answer 13

Differ in the number of neutrons in the nucleus (same number of protons)

Question 14

Radioactive Isotope

Answer 14

Spontaneously give off particles and energy

Question 15

Weak Chemical Bonds

Answer 15

WEAK CHEMICAL BONDS ARE INVALUABLE IN BIOLOGY -reinforce the shapes of large molecules -help molecules adhere to each other

Question 16

At 37 Degrees C (human body temp) what happens to water molecules

Answer 16

about 15% are bonded to 4 partners bonds are short lived and re-establish constantly

Question 17

4 emergent properties of water contribute to Earth’s fitness for life

Answer 17

cohesion moderation of temperature expansion upon freezing versatility as a solvent

Question 18

Floating ice

Answer 18

-ice is less dense than water -transition occurs at 4 C -10% less dense -acts as insulator-if ice sank to the bottom, all water on Earth would eventually freeze

Question 19

Hydrogen Bonds in Ice

Answer 19

are more “ordered than in liquid water, making it less dense

Question 20

Water and salts

Answer 20

-water easily dissolves salts -the different regions of polar water molecule interact w/ ionic compounds and dissolve them

Question 21

Dissociation of H20

Answer 21

Water can dissociate into hydronium ions and hydroxide ions changes in the concentration of these ions can have a great affect on living organisms

Question 22

Acid

Answer 22

increases the hydrogen concentration of a solution (H+)

Question 23

Base

Answer 23

Reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution (by adding OH-)

Question 24

Vitalism

Answer 24

-organic compounds only arise within living organisms -was disproved when chemists synthesized the compounds in lab

Question 25

Carbon chains

Answer 25

Form the skeletons of most organic molecules vary in length and shape (length, branching, double bonds, rings)

Question 26

Hydrocarbons

Answer 26

-molecules consisting of only carbon and hydrogen -fuels (gasoline etc) -are found in many of a cell’s organic molecules

Question 27

Isomers

Answer 27

molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures and properties

Question 28

Three types of isomers

Answer 28

Structural Geometric Enantiomers