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Chemisty > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Solvent

A

The dissolver (usually water)

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2
Q

Solute

A

The dissolved particles

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3
Q

Solvation

A

The process of water dissolving an ionic substance by surrounding the cations with anions

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4
Q

Electrolyte

A

Compound that conducts electricity when dissolved or melted

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5
Q

Nonelectrolyte

A

Compound that does not conduct electricity when dissolved or melted

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6
Q

All ionic compounds are…

A

Electrolytes (they produce ions)

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7
Q

Most molecular compounds are…

A

Non electrolytes

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8
Q

Ionic compounds with strong electrolytes are

A

Completely solvable

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9
Q

Ionic compounds with weak electrolytes are

A

Slightly soluable

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10
Q

Ionic compounds with nonelectrolytes

A

Don’t exist

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11
Q

Molecular compounds with strong electrolytes are

A

Strong acids

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12
Q

Molecular compounds with weak electrolytes are

A

Weak acids

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13
Q

Molecular compounds with nonelectrolytes are

A

Most molecular compounds

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14
Q

Surface tension

A

Inward pull of water molecules that tends to reduce he surface area of water

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15
Q

Surfacent

A

Any substance that increases surface area of water (by disrupting hydrogen bonding)

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16
Q

Vapor pressure

A

Force exerted by gas molecules escaping at the surface of a liquid

17
Q

Hydrogen bonding

A

Attraction between h and n, o, or f

18
Q

Hydrate

A

Ionic compound that has water in its structure

19
Q

Efflorescent hydrates

A

Have a high vapor pressure compared to the moisture in the air. Tend to lose water in the air.

20
Q

Hydroscopic hydrates

A

Have a low vapor pressure compared to the moisture in the air. Tend to absorb water from the air and get mushy.

21
Q

Dellquescent compounds

A

Extremely hygroscopic compound that becomes wet in air

22
Q

Water hydration of a substance

A

Water in a crystal is called the water of hydration or water of crystallizations

23
Q

Mixtures can be either

A

Homogeneous or heterogeneous

24
Q

Homogeneous mixtures are

A

Solutions

25
Q

Heterogenous mixtures are

A

Suspensions or colloids

26
Q

Suspensions

A

Mixtures from which some of the particles will slowly settle upon standing

27
Q

Colloids

A

Mixtures with particles that are of a size in between suspensions and solutions (smoke)

28
Q

Emulsions

A

Colloidal dispersions of liquids in liquids

29
Q

Tyndall effect

A

Reflection of light by particles suspended in a mixture

30
Q

Brownian motion

A

Movement of molecules that keeps particles from falling out of solution

31
Q

Soluability

A

Like dissolves like

32
Q

Water is polar and will dissolve

A

Ionic and polar compounds

33
Q

Oil is non polar and will dissolve

A

Non polar compounds

34
Q

Aqueous solution

A

Water that contains a dissolved substance

Chemisty (6 decks)

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