Test 1 Flashcards
What’s different about fungi cell wall than humans?
composed by “ergosterol” instead of cholesterol
What’s a hyphae?
It’s a multicellular extension of the mother cell
What can candida albicans do that’s similar to mold?
It can create “true hyphae”
What’s a “germ tube”
It’s the hyphae of candida albicans
Asexual state of formation:
“A”namorph
Sexual state of formation:
Teleomorph
Define conidia
The asexual bud
What’s important to remember about Candida glabrata?
It’s resistant to the first type of anti-fungal medicine (fluconazole)
What’s a capsid?
The protein shell of a virus
What’s the tegument?
layer of proteins between the capsid and the envelopne
What’s the envelope?
the lipid bilayer of the membrane virus
*****What are the two important tumor suppressors targeted by viruses?
- p53 (this causes apoptosis unless inactivated by virus)
2. retinoblastoma protein (Rb helps control normal division)
*****how does HPV turn cancerous with E6 and E7?
E6 binds p53
E7 binds Rb
Bacteria that don’t have a cell wall can survive by using what?
sterols (like cholesterol)
What would a cell entering a lymph node encounter first?
B cells, then germinal center, then T cell (regulatory cells)
What’s the purpose of the germinal center?
It’s where the B cells, T cells and APC’s interact, and directing the immune response.
What are peri-arteriolar lymphoid sheaths?
They surround the central artery of spleen, chuck full of T-cells.
What’s the purpose of the marginal zone in the spleen?
It takes bad things to the white pulp to process for immune response.
What’s the correlation between not having a spleen and capsulated bacteria?
If you don’t have a spleen you are more susceptible to encapsulated bacteria because the spleen specializes in taking these types out.
Can Herpes Virus make it’s own DNA polymerase? and primase? etc.
Yes
What does Neisseria meningitidis do to get across the blood brain barrier?
It does a phase variation…turns off the capsular expression
What mediates transduction?
Bacteriophages (viruses)
What’s a generalized transducing phage?
It’s an accidental packaging of bacterial genome when assembling the virus particles (it moves to the next bacteria)
What’s a specialized transducing phage?
It attaches to the bacterial chromosomes and when it lyses it excises the bacteria and takes it with it.
