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Urinalysis > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is quality assessment?

A

Continual monitoring of entire test process from test ordering and specimen collection thru reporting and interpreting results.

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2
Q

Is Chloride an inorganic or organic substance in urine?

A

Inorganic

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3
Q

Is Creatinine an inorganic or organic substance in urine?

A

Organic

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4
Q

Is Potassium an inorganic or organic substance in urine?

A

Inorganic

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5
Q

Is Urea an inorganic or organic substance in urine?

A

Organic

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6
Q

Is Uric Acid an inorganic or organic substance in urine?

A

Organic

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7
Q

Is Sodium an inorganic or organic substance in urine?

A

Inorganic

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8
Q

Urine composition is __% water and __% solutes.

A

95 and 5

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9
Q

Kidneys form urine as an __________ of plasma.

A

Ultrafiltrate

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10
Q

The glomerulus filters ____ mL/day?

A

170,000

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11
Q

Urine volume depends on the body’s _______ and _______ excretion.

A

Hydration and water

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12
Q

Average urine output?

A

1200 - 1500 ml/day

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13
Q

Normal urine output?

A

600 - 2000 ml/day

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14
Q

Define oliguria?

A

Decrease in urine

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15
Q

Define anuria?

A

Absence of urine

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16
Q

Define polyuria?

A

Increase in daytime urine

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17
Q

Define nocturia?

A

Decrease in nighttime urine

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18
Q

A patient with oliguria might progress to having?

A

Anuria

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19
Q

Labels for urine containers should be placed on container when?

A

Before collection

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20
Q

Prolonged exposure of urine to light will cause?

A

Decreased bilirubin

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21
Q

Clarity is _______ if urine is left out for > 2 hours.

A

Decreased

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22
Q

Odor is ______ if urine is left out for > 2 hours.

A

Increased

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23
Q

pH is _______ if urine is left out for > 2 hours.

A

Increased

24
Q

Glucose is _______ if urine is left out for >2 hours.

A

Decreased

25
Q

Ketones are _______ if urine is left out for >2 hours.

A

Decreased

26
Q

Bilirubin is ______ if urine is left out for >2 hours.

A

Decreased

27
Q

Urobilinogen is ______ if urine is left out for >2 hours.

A

Decreased

28
Q

Nitrites are _______ if urine is left out for >2 hours.

A

Increased

29
Q

RBCs/WBCs are ________ if urine is left out for >2 hours.

A

Decreased

30
Q

Bacteria is _______ if urine is left out for >2 hours.

A

Increased

31
Q

Trichomonas is ______ if urine is left out for >2 hours.

A

Decreased

32
Q

Clearance tests used to determine the glomerular filtration rate must measure substances that are?

A

Neither reabsorbed or secreted by tubules

33
Q

The kidney is comprised of how many nephrons?

A

1 - 1.5 million

34
Q

The nephron is the __________ ____ of the kidney.

A

Functional unit

35
Q

The total renal blow flow is approximately?

A

1200 mL/min

36
Q

Order of blood flow through the nephron is?

A

Afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta

37
Q

Total renal plasma flow is approximately?

A

600 mL/min

38
Q

Glomerular filtrate is described as?

A

Protein-free ultra filtrate of plasma

39
Q

Increased production of aldosterone causes?

A

Increased plasma sodium levels

40
Q

The primary chemical affected by the renin-angiotensis-aldosterone system is?

A

Sodium

41
Q

For active transport to occur a substance must?

A

Combine with a carrier protein to create electrochemical energy

42
Q

Water is passively reabsorbed in all parts of the nephron except the?

A

Ascending loop of henle

43
Q

The enzyme renin is produced by the kidney in response to?

A

Low plasma sodium levels

44
Q

Production of antidiuretic hormone is controlled by the?

A

State of body hydration

45
Q

Primary pigment responsible for normal urine is?

A

Urochrome

46
Q

A dark yellow urine containing yellow foam may contain?

A

Bilirubin

47
Q

A urine specimen that turns brown after standing may contain?

A

Homogenistic acid

48
Q

The pigment responsible for a pink precipitate know as amorphous urates in refrigerated urine is?

A

Uroerythrin

49
Q

Methyl red has a pH of ___ to ___ and produces what color?

A

4 to 6

Orange to Yellow

50
Q

Bromthymol blue has a pH of ___ to ___ and produces what color?

A

6 to 9

Blue to Green

51
Q

The confirmatory test for a protein is?

A

SSA (Sulfosalicylic Acid) precipitation

52
Q

The ________ _______ test is specific for glucose on the regent strip.

A

Glucose oxidase

53
Q

The _______ ________ test is also a glucose test but is outside of the reagent strip.

A

Copper reduction

54
Q

The primary reagent on reagent strips for Ketones is ______ ______?

A

Sodium Nitroprusside

55
Q

The principle of the Bilirubin reagent strip is a ______ _______.

A

Diazo Reaction

56
Q

The Ictotest is confirmatory for _______.

A

Bilirubin

57
Q

The reagent strip reaction for Nitrites is a __________ reaction.

A

Greiss

Urinalysis (4 decks)

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