Test 1: 2+3 : diarrhea part 1 + 2 Flashcards
what viruses cause diarrhea in calves
rotavirus
coronavirus
rotavirus does what
cause villi blunting in the small intestine
fecal oral spread
absorption returns in 10 days
why 50% asymptomatic for rotavirus
only blunt tip of villi
still have a lot of normal enterocytes left in GI
clinical signs of coronavirus in calves
Depression, reluctance to nurse, diarrhea
Severe cases
Dehydration, acidosis, recumbency, and death
5-30 days
where does coronavirus in cows work?
villus blunting in small intestine (jejunum) and large intestine (colon)
Mucohemorrhagic enterocolitis
Protracted malabsorptive diarrhea
what does coronarvirus in calves cause
Villous blunting in jejnumum and colon
– Mucohemorrhagic enterocolitis
– Protracted malabsorptive diarrhea
how to prevent coronavirus in cows
spread fecal oral and respiratory secretion= remove poop
give good quality colostrum
vaccinate: BCV and Ecoli combo vaccine
cause malabsorptive diarrhea and mucohemorrhagic enterocolitis from villi blunting in the jejunum and colon
ETEC cause
watery secretory diarrhea
< 5 days old
attack enterocytes in the jejunum
enterotoxigenic E. coli
how does ETEC work
Ecoli bind to enterocyte in jejunum and releases enterotoxins that cause the cell to release of H20, Cl, HCO
will cause secretory watery diarrhea in < 5 day old calves
why do calves with ETEC die
loose so much bicarb that they become acidotic and die
AEEC is what
attaching and effacing Ecoli
ecoli that produce verotoxin (shiga like toxin)
clinical signs of AEEC
Older calves, usually second week
Mucohemorrhagic diarrhea, straining, colic
attaching and effacing ecoli that produce verotoxin/shiga-like toxin that destroy microvilli leading to enterocyte effacement and microvasuclar damage
AEEC works by
attaching and effacing ecoli that produce verotoxin/shiga-like toxin that destroy microvilli in the jejunum leading to enterocyte effacement and microvasuclar damage
cause mucohemorrhagic diarrhea, straining, colic
NO vaccine
Zoonotic
which ecoli is zoonotic for calves
AEEC 0157:H7
ecoli produce verotoxin/shiga-like toxin that destory microvilli
calf with diarrhea < 5 days old probably has
ETEC K99
cause secretory water diarrhea
ecoli bind to enterocyte and release enterotoxin that causes cell to produce HCO3
calves die from loss of bicarb and becoming acidotic
clinical signs of salmonella in calves
bloody diarrhea
wipe out all the villi in the intestine- can be expelled as cast
salmonella release enterotoxins, endotoxins and invade into cells causing septicemia
zoonotic
reservoir for salmonella in cows
- Carrier cattle (shed for months to years)
- Contaminated foods (animal by-products)
- Environment (hardy – months)
clinical signs of clostridium
deadly
necrotozing and hemorrhgic exotoxins cause bloody diarrhea
may die before you see this
do necropsy
how does cyrptosporidia cause diarrhea
live under brush border of enterocytes and cause villi atrophy and fusion
cause malabsorptive diarrhea
ZOONOTIC
how to treat crypto in calves
NO treatment
try to keep clean, but hard cause oocysts produced are already infectious and calves can autoinfect by licking themselves
disinfect and UV light
