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Criminal Behavior > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

0
Q

what is the most common mode of adaptation?

explain it

A

conformity

ppl accept goals and the means to achieve them

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1
Q

What are the five modes of the conformity perspective?

A 
conformity
innovation
ritualism
retreatism
rebellion
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2
Q

conformity perspective:

ppl have few legitimate to achieve societal goals, so they design their own way to get ahead, like robbery

A

innovation

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3
Q

conformity perspective:

abandon goals, dedicate to current lifestyle. they play by the rules and have a daily safe routine

A

ritualism

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4
Q

conformity perspective:

ppl abandon goals an the means, often retreat into drugs n alcohol

A

retreatism

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5
Q

conformity perspective:

occurs when goals are rejected, they creat their own goals by protest or revolutionary activity

A

rebellion

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6
Q

four social bonds which promote pro social behavior

A

nonconformist perspective

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7
Q

what r te 4 social bonds of the nonconformist perspective

A

attachment
commitment
involvement
belief

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8
Q

nonconformist perspective:

ones acceptance of social norms depends on attachment to others

A

attachment

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9
Q

nonconformist perspective:

time, energy, and effort I’m social activities tie an individual to society

A

commitment

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10
Q

nonconformist perspective:

heavy involvement in conventional activities that doesn’t leave time to engage in delinquent or criminal acts

A

involvement

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11
Q

nonconformist perspective:

respect for laws, and enforcing laws.

A

belief

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12
Q

this perspective sees humans as both neutral (neither good nor bad)

A

learning perspective

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13
Q

studies demographics & group variables as well as environmental factors and social conditions

A

sociological criminology

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14
Q

science of the behavior & mental processes of the criminal

A

psychological criminology

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15
Q

process of identifying traits, tendencies and demographic variables of an offender based on aspects of the crime

A

criminal profiling

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16
Q

an intentional behavior (not accident) that violates a criminal code committee w/o defense or excuse

A

criminal behavior

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17
Q

what are the two parts of psychiatric criminology

A

traditional-behavior seeks to satisfy antisocial urges

contemporaryess focused on unconscious elements, more focused on ego-functioning

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18
Q

why is the FBI reporting system?

A

Uniform crime report (UCR)

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19
Q

what is the UCR divided into

A 
index crimes (part 1)
non-index crimes (part 2)
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20
Q

how is the UCR data collected

A

each mo agencies report:

  1. counts of index crimes from victim complaints
  2. ttl crimes cleared
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21
Q

what crime is the most cleared?

most often?

A

murder

larceny theft

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22
Q

what is the benefit of self report surveys?

A

to estimate the number of ppl who commit crimes ur have not been caught

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23
Q

what is the NCVS?

A

national survey victimization survey

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24
Q

behavior that is illegal due to age of offender

A

status offense

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25
Q

behavior against the criminal code committed by an individual who has not reached adulthood

A

juvenile delinquent

legal def.

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26
Q

youthful behaviors considered inappropriate

A

juvenile delinquent

social def.

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27
Q

involve diagnostic categories of behavior - conduct disorder and antisocial behavior

A

juvenile delinquent

psychological def

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28
Q

what are three social factors for developing criminal behavior?

A

poverty
peer experiences
parental and family risk factors

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29
Q

what is the strongest and single best predictor of delinquency?

A

peer experiences

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30
Q

t/f

statistical risk factors for developing delinquency are sometimes causal relationships

A

f

never cause and effect

31
Q

false assumption that relationship constructed from group data can be applied to a single person

A

ecological fallacy

32
Q

t/f

there is no evidence that peer relationships precede delinquency or encourage offending

A

t

33
Q

who is more likely to use relational aggression?

A

girls

34
Q

t/f

IQ is a better predictor of delinquent behavior than school failure

A

f school failure is a better predictor

35
Q

these parents impose rules and expect obedience to some absolute standard

A

authoritarian

36
Q

these parents are detached and unengaged in the child’s

A

neglecting

37
Q

these parents submit to kids desires, make few demands, use little punishment

A

permissive

38
Q

these parents explain reason for rules and consistently enforce them in a spirit of open communication

A

authoritative

39
Q

which is the best parenting style?

A

authoritative

40
Q

what are the worst parenting styles?

2

A

authoritarian n neglectful

41
Q

this coercive parenting style; continual reprimanding of child’s every move, verbal threats and disapproval, in consistent punishment. continual aggressive family interactions

A

enmeshed

42
Q

very low levels of parental control over the child’s behavior, the child does not learn to curb antisocial behavior. these parents dont recognize that their kids are involved in deviant or antisocial behavior

A

lax

43
Q

according to research, which parental styles are most related to delinquency?

A

permissive n lax

44
Q

what child age is parental monitoring most important

A

9-17

45
Q

t/f
maternal depression is associated with antisocial behavior, emotional outbursts, poor cognitive development, and criminal behavior in children

A

f

in adolescents

46
Q

t/f

if the dad drinks, the son will drink?

A

t

47
Q

what are the 4 psychological risk factors for development of delinquent behavior

A

lack of empathy
cognitive and language deficiencies
lower PI (psychometric intelligence) scores
ADHD

48
Q

ability to understand and share the feelings of others

A

lack of empathy

49
Q

ability to experience another’s emotions

A

affective

50
Q

understanding another’s emotions

A

cognitive

51
Q

increased tendency to engage in antisocial behavior. strong r/ship bw animal cruelty and violent behavior toward humans

A

low affective empathy

52
Q

what does psychometric intelligence tests measure?

A

skills and abilities that predict school achievement

53
Q

involves a number of behaviors that occur on three primary dimensions: inattention, impulsivity, excessive motor activity

A

hyperactive syndrome

54
Q

t/f

hyperactive syndrome is tied to gender? if so, which gender?

A

t

males

55
Q

what percent of kids with ADHD engage in serious antisocial behavior?

A

approx 25%

56
Q

these people study the biological aspects of behavior. they try to determine which genetic and neurophysiological factors play a part i criminal behavior

A

biopsychologists

57
Q

whats the diff bw MZ and DZ?

A

MZ (monozygotic) 100% identical

DZ (dizygotic) 50% identical

58
Q

t/f

genetics plays a bigger role in late-onset delinquency?

A

f

early-onset delinquency

59
Q

t/f

environment plays a bigger role in late-onset delivery?

A

t

60
Q

t/f

heritability and the environment play a role in non-violent criminal and delinquent behavior

A

t

61
Q

t/f

persistent offending may be linked to high levels of arousal?

A

f

low levels of arousal

62
Q

t/f

people with ADHD are in a constant state of low arousal?

A

t

63
Q

a child’s emotional excitability; natural mood disposition determined largely by genetics and biological factors

A

temperament

64
Q

t/f

temperament appears in childhood but does not persist through thru life?

A

f

it persists thru life

65
Q

t/f

temperament is influenced by social factors

A

f

environment

66
Q

what influences self regulation

A

temperament

67
Q

are girls or boys better able to regulate their attention and inhibit impulses?

A

girls

68
Q

found in the frontal lobe which controls planning and self regulation

A

serotonin

69
Q

t/f

if serotonin levels are low, people are more prone to violence.

A

t

70
Q

what is serotonin also known as?

A

the feel good neuron

71
Q

this theory proposes that criminal behavior is the result of an interaction bw environment conditions and features of the nervous system

A

Eysencks theory of personality and crime

72
Q

in eysencks theory what are the three biologically determined personality components?

A

PEN

73
Q

what is the psychological component of eysencks theory

A

classical conditioning

74
Q

a continuum representing progressive need for stim of areas of the brain

A

extraversion

75
Q

an approach to psychology that studies observable behavior rather than hidden mental processes

A

behaviorism

76
Q

what units are the building blocks of behavior according to behaviorism

A

S-R

stimulus and response

Criminal Behavior (3 decks)

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