Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 120 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name the 4 polymers that you are required to know, as well as there different monomers

A

CH (monosaccharide), proteins (amino acids), nucleic acids (nucleotides), and lipids (glycerol, and fatty acids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of carbohydrates?

A

To provide energy, as well as, give structure and build

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

State all the functions that proteins perform

A

Enzymes, storage, hormones, defence, transport, receptor, contraction, and structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of nucleic acids?

A

Reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the range of functions lipids perform?

A

Store energy, vitamins, cell structure (insulates body)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

State a defence protein

A

Antibody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the structure of an amino acid?

A

A central carbon atom attached to a hydrogen, (-COOH) attached, (-NH2) attached the other side, and an R group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the only difference between a protein and an amino acid’s structure?

A

A protein does not have an R in its structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the seven functional groups?

A

Hydroxyl group, carbonxyl group, carboxyl group, amino group, sulfhydryl group, phosphate group, methyl group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was Stanley’s Miller’s experiment’s purpose?

A

To investigate how organic molecules necessary for life could have formed on the early Earth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What did his experiment discover?

A

Miller’s experiment identified that organic molecules, specifically amino acids, could be synthesised from simple inorganic compounds under conditions thought to resemble the atmosphere of early Earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When do you know adhesion, and cohesion have happened?

A

You know that cohesion has happened when there is a high surface tension (difficult to stretch or break the surface of a liquid). Adhesion has happened when there is an attraction between different substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is cohesion?

A

It is hydrogen bonds that hold water molecules together, and contributes to the transport of water and dissolved nutrients against gravity in plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What causes adhesion?

A

Hydrogen bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Can one water bond up to 4 water molecules through hydrogen bonds?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three types of isomers?

A

Structural, cis-trans (geometric), and enantiomers

17
Q

How are structural isomers, cis-trans isomers, and enantiomers different from each other?

A

Structural: Have different covalent arrangement of their atoms. Cis-trans isomers have same covalent bonds but differ in their spatial arrangements. Enantiomers: mirror images of each other

18
Q

What is the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic?

A

Hydrophilic: affinity for water. Hydrophobic: Does not have an affinity for water.

19
Q

What are hydrocarbons?

A

Organic molecules consisting of only carbon and hydrogen

20
Q

What is a dependant variable?

A

What you measure in the experiment and what is affected during the experiment

21
Q

What is the independent variable?

A

Isn’t changed by the other variables you are trying to measure

22
Q

What is the difference between a control group, and experimental group?

A

Control group does not receive the variable you are testing. Experimental variable does.

23
Q

What are Van Der Waals interactions?

A

Attractions between molecules that are close together as a result of electrons not being evenly distributed

24
Q

Would a molecule’s shape bind to the receptor as if it was a hormone?

A

Yes

25
Q

What are the main differences between prokaryotic cells, and eukaryotic cells?

A

Prokaryotic cells are simpler, lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, and are typically smaller. Eukaryotic cells are the opposite.

26
Q

What is the difference between a non polar and a polar covalent bond?

A

Non polar: atoms share the electron equally, and polar: one atom is more electronegative, and the atoms do not share the electron equally

27
Q

What is a trace element?

A

Required by an organism in very small amounts, typically less than 0.01% of the organism’s body mass

28
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

A proposed explanation or educational guess about a phenomenon or a relationship between variables that can be tested through scientific investigation

29
Q

What does DNA do?

A

Provides directions for it’s own replication (RNA), which controls protein synthesis

30
Q

What are the four properties of water that facilitate an environment for life?

A

Cohesive behaviour, ability to moderate temperature, expansion upon freezing, versatility as a solvent

31
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

Chemical bond formed when one atom gives up one or more electrons to another atom

32
Q

What is a molecule?

A

A group of atoms bonded together by covalent bonds

33
Q
A

Bio 120 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions