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PSY 220 Child Psychology > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the best model of development?

A

Transactional model of development

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2
Q

Zygote

A

once gametes join and their genetic material melds together

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3
Q

Genes

A

(segments of DNA) provide biochemical instructions cells need to function in the body

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4
Q

karyotype

A

chromosomal portrait

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5
Q

What determines sex?

A

23rd chromosome
XX= female
XY=male

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6
Q

What are mono-zygotic twins?

A

identical, 1 egg and 1 sperm that splits

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7
Q

What are dizygotic twins?

A

fraternal, 2 eggs and 2 sperm

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8
Q

What is the sum total of all genes you inherit?

A

genotype

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9
Q

What are the genes that are expressed?

A

phenotype

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10
Q

What period of time is most susceptible to teratogens during pregnancy?

A

Period of embryo >9 wks.

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11
Q

What is the first two weeks of pregnancy

A

Germinal stage

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12
Q

What provides some protection but many things can be transmitted through it?

A

Placenta

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13
Q

What is head to tail(toe)?

A

Cephalo-Caudal-

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14
Q

What is near to far ( from spine outward)?

A

Proximo-Distal-

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15
Q

What week does the heart begin to beat?

A

4 weeks

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16
Q

When do upper arms, forearms, hands, fingers, toes and feet develop?

A

Week 5

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17
Q

When are limbs distinct and bones begin to form?

A

Week 8

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18
Q

What happens during 1st trimester? (1st to 3rd month)

A

usually experience morning sickness

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19
Q

What happens during 2nd trimester? (4th to 6th month)

A

-hair
-fingers/toes elongate, nails form, teeth buds
-fetus covered un lanugo and vernix
-infant can suck thumb
-period of fetal movements

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20
Q

What happens in 3rd trimester?

A

-period of rapid growth
-brain continues to develop
-activity of fetus decreases
-

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21
Q

What does the study of human development seek to understand?

A

how people change or remain the same over time

22
Q

What is the scientific method steps?

A
  1. Curiousity
    2.Form a hypothesis
    3.Test the hypothesis
    4.Draw conclusions
  2. Report the results
23
Q

What is repeating a studys procedures and methods with different participants?

A

Replication

24
Q

What is the microsystem?

A

immediate social contexts like family

25
Q

what is exosystem?

A

school and church

26
Q

what is mesosystem?

A

connections among other systems

27
Q

what is macrosystem?

A

cultural values, economic policies, and political processes

28
Q

What is a critical period?

A

When something must occur for normal development

29
Q

What is a cesarean section?

A

when the fetus is removed through incsion in the mothers abdomen instead of being pushed by contraction through vagina.

29
Q

Whats the recovery for c section?

A

6 weeks

30
Q

what is the leboyer method?

A

-focused on infant
-born into water
-dim lights and soft music
-no dads

problems
-infection/cold/dad needs to bond

31
Q

What is the lamaze method?

A

-decrease use in medications
-breathing, visualization,partner coaching
-other natural methods

problems
-late in preganancy
-hyperventilate
-distraction techniques might not help

32
Q

What is the bradley method?

A

-meet early for nutrition advice
-exercises
-relaxation not distraction
-birth plan

33
Q

What is dilation?

A

the gradual opening of the cervix measured from 0 to 10 cms.

34
Q

What is stage 1 of labor?

A

latent or early phase
-up to 24 hrs
-cervix dilates 2-3cm
-may not realize ur in labor
-lose cervical plug

35
Q

What is 2nd phase of labor?

A

active phase
-cervix is 3-9cm
-contractions regular

36
Q

What are the best positions for labor?

A

squatting, standing

37
Q

What is third phase of labor?

A

Transition
-9-10cm
-most painful

38
Q

What is apgar?

A

rating scale to check on babies health
check for heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, color, reflex irrritability

39
Q

What is a low birthweight?

A

<2500 gms

40
Q

What is a very low birthweight?

A

<1500 gms

41
Q

What is an extremely low birthweight?

A

<1000 gms

42
Q

What can help babies stay healthy?

A

breastmilk, kangaroo care

43
Q

What is post partum depression?

A

a sense of inadequcy and sadness called baby blues and postpartum pschosis in most severe.

44
Q

What is CMW?

A

A virus that can be passed from mother to baby during pregnancy.
This can cause hearing, vision loss, brain damage, seizures.

45
Q

What is toxoplasomosis?

A

can cause blindness and cogntivie delay.
can get it from kitty litter and gardening

46
Q

What is fetal alcohol syndrome?

A

-facial charactersitics
-cognitive delays
-severe adhd
-stunted growth
-heart defects
-small eye openings
-thin upper lio

47
Q

What happens to the baby from smoking?

A

-decreases oxygen in moms body and to infant
-smoking increases which birthweight decreases
-nicotine crosses placental barrier and newborns go through withdrawal (irritable, trouble eating, sleeping)

48
Q

What can antibiotics do to a child?

A

tetracycline causes skeletal abnormalitles and darkened teeth

49
Q

What happens to newborns when there malnourished?

A

-takes two generations to recover
-especially during 3rd trimester
-increased risk for preterm birth, low birthweight
-more irrtiable and difficult to soothe

50
Q
A

PSY 220 Child Psychology (3 decks)

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