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Lifespan > test 1 > Flashcards

test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

anything that changes between start of life and death

A

lifespan

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2
Q

6 things that impacts development

A

biology- genetics
environment
culture
political climate
disabilities
abuse

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3
Q

socio culture impacts on lifespan

A

role in family- siblings
culture
society
history
Socioeconomics- money helps with safety

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4
Q

can faith impact how children are raised

A

yes

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4
Q

factor that gets tested in scientific method

A

independent varibale

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4
Q

factor that is being measures in scientific method

A

dependant variable

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5
Q

why use EBP

A

its based of research on best care for our patients. The goal is better outcomes for them

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5
Q

ethics in research

A
  1. protection from harm
  2. informed consent
  3. must not be pressured- no bribery
  4. information obtained remains private and confidential
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5
Q

what do experiments need to be

A

valid, able to be replicated, reliable- objective

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6
Q

healthy people 2030

A

evidence based 10 year report card

focuses on achieving health equity

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7
Q

high priority health issues we want to change

A

obesity
mental health
substance abuse
access to health care
preventative services/meds
mother/infant deaths
reproductive/sexual health

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8
Q

social determinants of health

A

things that influence health status. such as education, economic stability, neighborhood

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9
Q

what can health status be measured by

A

birth/death rates
life expectancy
morbidities from disease
access to health care
health insurance coverage

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9
Q

what do we want improve in maternity/infants of next generation

A

reducing sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

promoting folic acid supplements in pregnancy

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10
Q

overall goals for childhood health improvements

A

increase proportion of children who communicate with their parents

increase health literacy

get sufficient sleep

want school nurses available in all schools

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11
Q

how we plan on decreasing adolescent and young adult death rates

A
  1. more access to preventative health visits
  2. improve school attendance
  3. improve educational skills
  4. improve nutritional status
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12
Q

goals for older adults

A
  1. improve health and quality of life
  2. improve physical activity
  3. increase overall health
  4. reduce inappropriate meds
  5. reduce amount of hospital visits
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13
Q

goals for geriatric patients

A
  1. reduce # of illness
  2. reduce hip fractures
  3. find out more about chronic kidney disease causes and treatments
  4. increase diagnostics for dementia
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14
Q

culture

A

set of learned values, beliefs, customs, and behaviors shared by common social group
-passed down by family
-can influence food, parenting style

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15
Q

individualistic culture

A

personal-emphasized

views people as unique

encourages self expression

emphasizes competitiveness

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16
Q

collectivist culture

A

social emphasized

views people as part of a group

discourages self expression

emphasizes group harmony

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17
Q

Blended family

A

family with children that is not biological kid of one parent

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18
Q

based on understanding that family functions are interconnected, interventions must involve whole family

A

family systems theory

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19
Q

what influences family structure

A

size of family
spacing of siblings
divorce
stepchildren/foster children
chronic illness
use of child care services

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20
Q

competency or skill that helps a person cope with the environment or advance personal development

A

developmental task

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21
Q

autocratic style

A

childbearing style where decisions are made without input of children

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22
Q

democratic childbearing style

A

children are encouraged to participate in decision making

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23
Q

laissez-faire child bearing style

A

offers complete freedom for all members, with no rules, minimal discipline

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24
Q

a family unit that does not offer consistency of members or rules. often results in antisocial behaviors of family members

A

dysfunctional family

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25
Q

cultural assimilation

A

How members of a group loses culture and adapts to a diff group

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26
Q

cultural relativism

A

Not judging a culture for what isn’t considered the norm

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27
Q

culture shock

A

big change in enviroment

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28
Q

ethnocentrism

A

Belief your culture is the right one

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29
Q

cultural competence

A

Acceptance of beliefs that are different then our own

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30
Q

facebook depression

A

people aren’t eating or sleeping as well because they’re so connected to social media so they get isolated and become depressed. Body shaming and other issues arise

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31
Q

effects of a disaster

A

PTSD
children may get confused, anxious, withdrawal, have sleeping and eating dysfunctions.
They rely on care givers

32
Q

genome

A

unique instructions that have all your cells need to create/maintain body

33
Q

gene

A

makes chromosomes. unit of inheritance made of base pairs

34
Q

allele

A

genes that have different forms

35
Q

how are chromosomes arranged

A

in 23 pairs- 46 total

36
Q

what chromosome pair is different in males vs females

A

the 23rd

37
Q

genotype

A

genetic code of induvidual

38
Q

phenotype

A

the individual observable characteristics

39
Q

dominant allele

A

presence is always expressed. 1 in 2 chance that child will get it

40
Q

recessive allele

A

2 alleles need to carry in order for it to be present. 1 in 4 chance of child getting

41
Q

why are men more likely to get a sex linked trait

A

because they only have one X

42
Q

How many infants are born with congenital abnormalities

A

3 in 100

43
Q

gene therapy

A

placing a therapeutic gene on the back of a virus vector, virus enters specific cells in the body and carries the new gene into the cell that has a missing or defective gene

44
Q

down syndrome

A

most common autosomal anomaly

affects 1 in 700 babies

heart abnormalities, hearing problems, respiratory problems, high risk for leukemia

45
Q

what results if fertilization takes place

A

a zygote

45
Q

germinal

A

0 to 2 weeks

active cell division
when twins may develop

teratogens not a concern yet

46
Q

embryonic phase

A

2 to 8 weeks
begins when implantation is complete

all organ systems are in place by end of this phase, except the brain
structures form- placenta, umbilical cord, amniotic sac

47
Q

fetal phase

A

9 to 38 weeks

organs and systems mature and develop

48
Q

monozygotic

A

identical twins, same sex

49
Q

dizygotic twins

A

two eggs are released and unites with a different sperm. twins are fraternal

50
Q

viability

A

happens at 24 weeks, meaning baby has 50% chance of surviving outside the womb

51
Q

age fetus can open eye

A

24 weeks

52
Q

age fetus can feel pain and touch, respond to sound and vibration

A

week 28

53
Q

what age does fetus have rapid body weight gain, have most bones, and could survive without medical intervention

A

week 32

54
Q

weeks in which baby shifts to head down, and antibodies are passed from mother

A

weeks 36-38

55
Q

what age puts mothers at risk for having a child with down syndrome

A

45

1 in 25 mothers at this age

56
Q

why exercise when pregnant

A

maintain health, improve energy level, mood, sleep, muscle tone, and decrease risk of gestational diabetes

57
Q

how is mother to infant HIV transmission almost reduced to 0

A

using HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy), and C section

58
Q

are microbiomes good for baby

A

yes

59
Q

how do we encourage bonding between mother and baby

A

skin to skin contact

60
Q

2 types of reflexes babies are born with

A

survival- breathing, sucking, rooting, sneezing, gagging

primitive

61
Q

developmental tasks and responses of neonate

A

feeding patterns
trusting
sleeping 15-20 hours
swaddling, cuddling, sucking, wrapping, rocking, nonnutritive sucking-pacifier

62
Q

how babys learn

A

Cephalocaudal- infants will learn from heed to toe. They’ll learn to hold head up before sit, then sit before stand

Proximodistal- develop from near to far. Trunk to extremities. Eventually they’ll learn to use their hands

63
Q

epigenetics

A

how experience shapes genetics

64
Q

freud oral stage

A

birth to 18 months

pleasure from stimulation of mouth, lips and oral activities

65
Q

freud anal phase

A

18 months to 3 years

toilet training

66
Q

freud phallic phase

A

age 3-6yrs

focused on genitals and gender roles

67
Q

freud latency phase

A

age 6-12 yrs

focuses on developing cognitive and interpersonal skills

68
Q

freud genital stage

A

age 12yrs and up

sexual impulses and connecting with romantic partners

69
Q

Freuds psychosexual theory

A

ID- unconscious level of basic impulses
Ego- conscious. Seek ways to do it. Decided based off consequences
Superego- moral judgments about right and wrong

70
Q

systems views

A

emphasis on overall social context in which development occurs

71
Q

psychodynamic views

A

emphasis on personality and social development

72
Q

Ericksons Trust vs mistrust

A

birth to 12 months

trustworthiness of environment from caregiver

73
Q

Ericksons autonomy vs shame and doubt

A

12 months to 3 years

toddlers learning how to control own body

74
Q

Erikson’s industry vs inferiority

A

6yrs to 12 yrs

children develop numerous skills and competencies. want to be successful

75
Q

Ericksons ego identity vs ego diffusion

A

age 12yr-18

trying to find their identity

76
Q

erikson’s intimacy vs isolation

A

age 18yr to 40

Having a person you can share your innermost thoughts on

77
Q

erikson’s generativity vs self absorption

A

age 40 yrs to 65

Want to contribute to the well being of others, if not then were focused on yourself

78
Q

Ericksons integrity vs despair

A

age 65yrs and above

last stage of life, they look back on it, are they proud of their life?

79
Q

survival of fittest- charles darwin

A

Genes that help us survive is what will get passed on

80
Q

Piaget’s sensorimotor stage

A

from birth to 2 years

learn through senses

81
Q

Piaget’s preoperational

A

age 2-7 yrs

uses symbols like language. does not completely understand so worry about safety

82
Q

piaget’s concrete operational

A

age 7 to 11/12

starts to think logically

83
Q

piaget’s formal operational

A

age 11/12 and beyond

explores logical situations and asks “what if”. understands thoughts of others.

Lifespan (4 decks)

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