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Geology > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

0
Q

What part of earth materials is part of the regolith?

A

Loose heterogeneous material on the surface

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1
Q

The term planetary differentiation refers to the process in which…

A

Layers formed based on differences and composition

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2
Q

Differentiation of the inner planets probably means that each of the rocky planetary bodies…

A

Has layers

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3
Q

Which of the inner planets has an atmosphere containing mostly nitrogen and has an average surface temp. of 14.6 degrees Celsius?

A

Earth

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4
Q

Which of the inner planets has a regolith that is largely the product of whethering?

A

Earth

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5
Q

Of the other inner planets of the solar system, earth most closely resembles…

A

Venus

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6
Q

The “plates” in earths plate tectonics are made of fragments of…

A

Lithosphere

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7
Q

The principle of uniformitarianism tells us that…

A

Present is key to the past

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8
Q

The principle of uniformitarianism is based on…

A

The present is key to the past

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9
Q

The study of geology is important to human society because…

A

Dependent on earth for resources, we live on the planet, need to understand

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10
Q

The tectonic cycle refers to the set of crustal processes that form new rock, modify it,transport it and break it down.

A

False

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11
Q

The nebular theory proposes that the solar system coalesced out of a swirling cloud of interstellar dust and gas.

A

True

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12
Q

Earth is the only planet we know of that contains water.

A

Too vague, but false

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13
Q

Continental crust is thicker and less dense than oceanic crust.

A

True

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14
Q

Hutton’s principle of uniformitarianism says that the rate of change on earth is constant.

A

False

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15
Q

Activity on earths surface has erased all traces of ancient meteorite impacts, such as those still visible on the moon.

A

False

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16
Q

The innermost planets of the solar system are also referred to as the…… Planets because their similarities to earth

A

Terrestrial

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17
Q

The….. Forms the outermost compositional layer of the solid earth

A

Crust

18
Q

The….. Is the innermost compositional layer of the solid earth

A

The core

19
Q

What term best describes the rocky outer layer of the earth?

A

Lithosphere

20
Q

Which type of plate boundary results from two or more plates coming together?

A

Convergent

21
Q

According to the picture below, which of the following types of plate boundaries produce the deepest earthquakes?

A

Subduction zone boundary

22
Q

According to the figure above, in which of the following types of plate boundaries “new” sea floor is being produced?

A

Divergent boundary

23
Q

What term best describes to driving force behind plate tectonics?

A

Convection

24
Q

Where is the best example of continental crust colliding with continental crust today?

A

Himalayas

25
Q

According to the diagram below, which of the plates is all oceanic crust?

A

Pacific plate, cocos, the NASCAR plate, Philippine plate

26
Q

The plates ‘floating’ on the atmosphere is a condition called …, which is similar to wood floating on water.

A

Isostazy

27
Q

According to the figure below, the island of Molokai was probably over the hot spot approximately how many million years ago?

A

1.2 - 2ma

28
Q

Pangea is the name of the supercontinent proposed by Harry Hess.

A

False; Alfred Wegener

29
Q

The Hawaiian islands are a result of the pacific plate passing over a hot spot.

A

True

30
Q

South America and Africa are the example that Wegener used for continental drift.

A

True

31
Q

As rocks cool, they become denser and sink

A

True

32
Q

Paleomagnetic data provide evidence for the geographic position of continents in the past

A

True

33
Q

The Andes mountains are a good example of oceanic-oceanic collision

A

False;

34
Q

A hypothesis is a scientific theory that has been tested

A

False; theory is a well tested hypothesis

35
Q

Rocks closer to the spreading centers in the oceans are older than the rocks farther away from the spreading

A

False

36
Q

Global positioning systems (GPS) are a reliable way to measure plate movements.

A

True

37
Q

The Himalayas are a good example of oceanic-continental collision.

A

False; continental-continental

38
Q

The Red Sea and east Africa are good examples of divergent plate boundaries

A

True

39
Q

Obfuscation is the processes where one plate slides under another.

A

False; subduction zone

40
Q

Wegener used glacial strait ions to help build the theory of plate tectonics.

A

True

41
Q

The mid-ocean ridge is the deepest part of the Atlantic Ocean.

A

False

42
Q

In the northern part of Pangea, mountain ranges tend to match up in North American and Europe.

A

True

43
Q

The magnetic stripes on the opposite sides of the central Rift Valley are mirror images, therefore good for age dating.

A

True

Geology (3 decks)

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