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Psyc 101 > Test #1 > Flashcards

Test #1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Def of Psychology

A

Scientific study of behavior and mental processes

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2
Q

Who found Structuralism

A

Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920)

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3
Q

Structuralism

A

How the mind is structured
Beginning of psychology as a scientific discipline
First experimental lab devoted to psychology

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4
Q

Introspection

A

Technique used to uncover the structure of the mind

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5
Q

Functionalism

A

The minds “stream of consciousness”

What the mind does and how it effects behavior

The thoughts that are going through your mind right now

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6
Q

Who found Functionalism

A

William James (1842-1910)

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7
Q

Gestalt Psychology

A

To understand consciousness
Must study the whole, not just the parts

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8
Q

Biological/Neuro perspective

A

Views behavior from the perspective of the brain, nervous system, and other biological functions

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9
Q

Behaviorism

A

Behavior, Learning, Conditioning

Watson and Skinner

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10
Q

Psychodynamic

A

Behavior is influenced by the unconscious
Aggression and sexual impulses

Sigmund Freud

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11
Q

Humanistic

A

Free will and self-actual action

Maslow and Rogers

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12
Q

Cognitive Psychology

A

Thinking, Memory, and Intelligence

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13
Q

Evolutionary

A

Survival, Natural Selection, Adaptation, Reproduction

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14
Q

Sociocultural

A

Culture

Differences:
between ethnic and cultural groups
Within and across countries

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15
Q

Scientific Method

A

Observation
Formulate a question
Generate a testable prediction
Data
Conclusions

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16
Q

Biological/Neuro involves

A

Nervous system, neurons, and neurotransmitters

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17
Q

Central Nervous System involves

A

Brain and spinal cord

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18
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system

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19
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Helps prepare for stressful situations

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20
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Helps calm you down after stressful situations

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21
Q

Function of Neurons

A

Have the ability to communicate with other cells

Transmits info across long distances

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22
Q

Structure of Neurons

A

Dendrites
Axon
Axon terminals
Synapse

23
Q

Dendrites

A

Receives messages from other neurons

Have tree like fibers

24
Q

Axon

A

Transmits information

25
Q

Axon terminals

A

Send the message to other neurons

26
Q

Synapse

A

Small gap between neurons

27
Q

What does Dopamine do?

A

Pleasure, motivation, arousal, reward, and cognition

Cocaine stimulates dopamine and gives people a high

28
Q

Dopamine

A

Voluntary movement
Reward anticipation
Stimulant drugs; activate dopamine receptors

Parkinson’s meds: lower dopamine levels
Schizophrenia meds: higher dopamine levels

29
Q

Serotonin

A

Contributes to feelings of well being and happiness

Regulates sleep

30
Q

What if there isn’t enough serotonin in your system

A

It can lead to anxiety and depression

31
Q

Def of Development

A

Pattern of movement or change

Begins at conception and continues through the human life span

32
Q

Prenatal Development

A

Conception : union of egg and sperm
Embryo
Fetus

33
Q

Who found the different parenting styles

A

Baumrinds?

34
Q

Authoritative parenting

A

Rules are explained, Friar limits, parents encourage independence

Positive

35
Q

Authoritarian Parenting

A

Strict rules with little discussion of reason why
Punitive
Controlling

Negative

36
Q

Permissive parenting

A

Parents are involves, few limits
No rules or structure

Negative

37
Q

Uninvolved parenting

A

Parents are not around
Neglectful

Negative

38
Q

Who found moral development

A

Kohlberg

39
Q

Moral development

A

Presented moral dilemmas and responses

40
Q

Preconventional

A

Behavior guided by punishments and rewards

41
Q

Conventional

A

Standards learned from parents and society

42
Q

Postconventional

A

Internal understanding

43
Q

Cognitive Development

A

Children develop schemas
concepts that organize info

44
Q

Assimilation

A

Incorporate new info existing schemas

45
Q

Accommodation

A

Adjust schemas to new info

46
Q

Who founded cognitive development

A

Jean Piaget

47
Q

Perception

A

Organizing and interpreting signals

48
Q

Sensation

A

Receive signals from the environment

49
Q

Absolute Threshold

A

Minimum amount of energy an organism can detect %50 of the time

50
Q

Difference threshold

A

How much stimulus change is necessary for detection

51
Q

Webers Law

A

To be perceived as different
2 stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage

52
Q

Top down process

A

Initiated by cognitive processing

Internal/mental worlds influence on perception
prior understanding

53
Q

Bottom up process

A

Outside world influence on perception

54
Q

Subliminal perception

A

Influence of info below the level of conscious awareness

Psyc 101 (3 decks)

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