Terry Reynolds *Prosthetic Valves Flashcards
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Clinical evidence of porcine valve dysfunction is most likely to be seen when leaflets are thicker than:
A. 1 mm
B. 2 mm
C. 3 mm
D. 4 mm
C. 3 mm
With thromotic obstruction of a prosthetic valve in the aortic position, continuous-wave Doppler findings include:
A. Effective orifice area is normal
B. Velocity ratio is increased
C. Maximum velocity is increased
D. Pressure half-time is increase
C. Maximum velocity is increased
A regurgitant jet area <1.0 cm 2 is noted in a prosthetic aortic valve. This can be explained by:
A. Ball variance
B. Closing volume
C. Disc embolization
D. Disc occlusion
B. Closing volume
Complications associated with prosthetic heart valve dysfunction include all the following EXCEPT:
A. Dehiscence
B. Leaflet degeneration
C. Thrombosis
D. Tumor
D. Tumor
Doppler evaluation of a prosthetic mitral valve should include all the following EXCEPT:
A. Effective orifice area (continuity equation)
B. Peak A velocity
C. Peak and mean pressure gradients
D. Pressure half-time
B. Peak A velocity
The best Doppler method for evaluating an aortic valve replacement is probably:
A. Deceleration slope
B. Maximum peak instantaneous gradient
C. Pressure half-time
D. Velocity ratio
D. Velocity ratio
The best Doppler formula for calculating the effective orifice area (EOA) in a patient with mitral valve replacement is:
A. 4 x (V 2 ) 2
B. 4 x (V 2 2 - V 1 2 )
C. (CSA LVOT x TVI LVOT) ÷ TVI MV
D. 220 ÷ pressure half-time
C. (CSA LVOT x TVI LVOT) ÷ TVI MV
The cardiac Doppler formula that accurately determines the pressure gradient in the prosthetic aortic valve is:
A. 4 x (V 2 2 )
B. 4 x (V 1 2 - V 2 2 )
C. 4 x (V 2 2 - V 1 2 )
D. Area x V 1
C. 4 x (V 2 2 - V 1 2 )
An example of a bileaflet tilting disc prosthetic heart valve is: A. Medtronic-Hall
B. Omniscience
C. St. Jude’s
D. Starr-Edwards
C. St. Jude’s
A prosthetic heart valve is associated with a relatively high rate of outlet strut fracture is:
A. Bjork-Shiley
B. Carpentier-Edwards
C. Ionescu Shiley
D. Starr-Edwards
A. Bjork-Shiley
Bioprosthetic leaflet degeneration and calcification occurs:
A. Only in adults
B. More frequently in children
C. Equally in children and adults
D. Primarily in women 40 years of age or older
B. More frequently in children
A shortened interval between the aortic second sound (A2) and mitral valve opening recorded for a mitral valve prosthesis may indicate all the following EXCEPT:
A. Perivalvular leak
B. Poor left ventricular function
C. Prolonged PR interval on the electrocardiogram
D. Prosthetic mitral valve dysfunction
C. Prolonged PR interval on the electrocardiogram
Prosthetic valve prolapsed as seen by two-dimensional echocardiography is associated with prosthetic valve
A. Insufficiency
B. Normal function
C. Stenosis
D. Vegetation
A. Insufficiency
Abnormal rocking motion of a prosthetic valve by two-dimensional echocardiography indicates prosthetic valve:
A. Dehiscence
B. Stenosis
C. Thrombus
D. Vegetation
A. Dehiscence
Coarse fluttering of a tissue prosthetic valve leaflet on M-mode is associated with:
A. Insufficiency
B. Normal function
C. Stenosis
D. Vegetation
A. Insufficiency
