Terrorism

Question 1

old wars 11

Answer 1

Kaldor

Napoleonic
clausewitz based --> war tool of politics as 
1. force ones preference on enemy 
2. nation based 
state + army + public opinion 
distinction between different spheres 
1. public//private.	
2. Internal – external 
3. Economic – political 
4. Combatant – non 
5. Mass production, politics, communication

Question 2

new wars 6

Answer 2

based on identity politica –> goes upon nation states to find sub-states communities

networks of state and non-state actors that carry out violence mainly on civilians

civic and organised violence for a political purpose not military

agents of legitimate organised violence under the umbrella of transnational institutions

cold war = increase of WMD + alliances + state monopolies = fuse of differences

cosmopolitian society based on humanitarian principles

Question 3

Bosni-Herzegovina wars

Answer 3

1991-1995
breakdown of Yugoslavia 
bosnia in serbia but population is 
1. 44% muslim bosniaks 
2. 32.5% orthodox serbs 
3. 17% catholic croats 

bosniak vs serbs (milosevic)
srebrenica massacre: 7,000 deaths in july 1995

Question 4

terrorism and globalisation

22

Answer 4

kiaras
Small group aiming for political change 
o	9/11
o	Motives raise with globalisation: 
♣	Cultural 
•	Huntigton: globalisation overwhelmed identity 
•	Default lines that impede internal cooperation 
♣	Religious 
•	Reward in after life  martyr 
•	Political power  Theology 
•	Unfaithful extirpation 
♣	Economic 
•	Against westernisation 
o	Westernisation give control and development 
o	High expectation 
o	Not met 
o	Extremism 
•	Vs global economy + liberalisation 
o	Nature, due to globalisation: 
♣	Higher lethality 
♣	Higher mobility - no airport security till 9/11, airplanes
♣	Higher coordination 
♣	Higher proselytizing

Question 5

Madrid bombing

Answer 5

2004
al qaeda 
3 days before election 
partido popular vs spanish social workers cirsis 
cercania communters train system 

partido popular was in office before –> joined iraq war –> handeled crisis badly and loss election

Question 6

types of terrorism

Answer 6

rogers
sub-state
state terrorism: 1930s Stalin purges –> 3m died
1950s Maos cultural revolution 45M people died in 4years

Question 7

aim of terrorism

Answer 7

rogers - fundamental change + change for identifiable community

Question 8

responses to terrorism

Answer 8

1. policing, intelligencia, security
   get the attacker and detain it or protect targets
2. military action versus paramilitary organisations
3. negotations

Question 9

al-qaeda

Answer 9

aim:
1. no us in saudi arabia
2. no foreigners in islamic world
3. no israel
5. no pro-western regimes
4. support for islamic movement