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AP Environmental Science > Terrestrial Biomes > Flashcards

Terrestrial Biomes Flashcards

1
Q

Tundra Key Features

A

poorly developed soils, permafrost, found at high latitudes or high altitudes

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2
Q

Tundra Climate Description

A

short and soggy summers; long cold and dark winters; low precipitation

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3
Q

Tundra Dominant Plants

A

ground-hugging plants such as mosses, lichens, sedges, and short grasses

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4
Q

Tundra Locations

A

Alaska, Russiam Canada, Sweden, Finland, and Greenland

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5
Q

Tundra Human Impact

A

Fragile biome affected by climate change and oil and gas piplines

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6
Q

Tundra Animals

A

Caribou, Arctic Fox, Snowy owl, Musk ox, Ermine

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7
Q

Tropical Seasonal Forest (Savanna) Climate Description

A

warm temperatures, seasonal rainfall

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8
Q

Tropical Seasonal Forest (Savanna)
Key Features

A

fertile soil compacted by grazing animals, seasons due to moving ITCZ, large herds of migrating animals follow seasonal precipitation

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9
Q

Tropical Seasonal Forest (Savanna) Dominant Plants

A

tall, perennial grasses, some drought-tolerant and fire resistant trees or shrubs

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10
Q

Tropical Seasonal Forest (Savanna) Locations

A

Zimbabwe, Indochina, Bolivia, Tanzania, Namibia, India

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11
Q

Tropical Seasonal Forest (Savanna) Human Impact

A

Converson to land for agriculture and graing, hunting , poaching, mining, recreation, and tourism

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12
Q

Tropical Seasonal Forest (Savanna) Animals

A

African elephant, Black mamba, Baboon, Emu, and Mongoose

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13
Q

Subtropical Desert Climate Description

A

Low precipitation, variable temperatures

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14
Q

Subtropical Desert Key Features

A

Soils rich in minerals but poor in organic material, low resistance and resilience, low diversity, very low productivity

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15
Q

Subtropical Desert Dominant Plants

A

Cacti and other succulents, creosote bush and other plants with short growth cycles

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16
Q

Subtropical Desert Locations

A

Arizona, Egypt, Angola, Mexico, Iran, Saudi Arabia

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17
Q

Subtropical Desert Human Impact

A

Use of ATV’s, military exercises, drilling for oil, mining, nuclear waste disposal

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18
Q

Subtropical Desert Animals

A

Armadillo, Jackrabbit, Gila monster, Kangaroo rat, Fennec fox

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19
Q

Temperate Grassland Climate Description

A

warm to hot summers, cold winters, moderate seasonal precipitation

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20
Q

Temperate Grassland Key Features

A

fertile soils, also called pampas, prairies, or steppes, dry windy conditions cause fires that prevent tree growth, productive

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21
Q

Temperate Grassland Dominant Plants

A

lush, perennial (short and tall) grasses and herbs; most are resistant to drought, fire, and cold

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22
Q

Temperate Grassland Locations

A

South Dakota, Oklahoma, Kansas, Hungary, Uruguay, Ukraine

23
Q

Temperate Grassland Human Impact

A

Agriculture, grazing, urbanization, habitat fragmentation, hunting, and poaching

24
Q

Temperate Grassland Animals

A

Prairie dog, Badger, Prairie vole, Fox squirrel, Mink

25
Tropical Rainforest Climate Description
Hot and wet year-round
26
Tropical Rainforest Key Features
thin nutrient-poor soils, rapid decomposition and quick uptake of nutrients, "seasons" depend on location of ITCZ, most productive land biome
27
Tropical Rainforest Dominant Plants
broad-leaved evergreen trees, ferns, large woody vines and climbing plants, orchids and bromeliads
28
Tropical Rainforest Locations
Brazil, Congo, Indonesia, Bolivia, Peru, Madagascar
29
Tropical Rainforest Human Impact
Deforestation causes loss of habitat, loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, climate change, destruction of indigenous cultures, loss of potential medicines
30
Tropical Rainforest Animals
Sloth, Cobra, Chimpanzee, Toucan, Beetles
31
Temperate Seasonal Forest Climate Description
Cold to modreate winters, warm summers, year-round precipitation
32
Temperate Seasonal Forest Key Features
Fertile soils, rich in organic material from seasonal decomposition of leaves, long growing season, moderately high productivity
33
Temperate Seasonal Forest Dominant Plants
Broadleaf deciduous trees, some conifers, flowering shrubs, herbs
34
Temperate Seasonal Forest Locations
Indiana, Vermont, Japan, China, Germany, France
35
Temperate Seasonal Forest Human Impact
Much land is used for agriculture, development, and industry
36
Temperate Seasonal Forest Animals
Bald eagle, Coyote, Black bear, White-tailed deer
37
Woodland/Shrubland Climate Description
Hot dry summers, cool moist winters
38
Woodland/Shrubland Key Features
Thin nutrient-poor soils because of leaching by winter rains, also called chapparal climate described as Mediterranean, periodic wildfires
39
Woodland/Shrubland Dominant Plants
Woody evergreen shrubs with small learhtery leaves, fragrant oil herbs that grow during winter and die in summer
40
Woodland/Shrubland Locations
S. California, Nevada, Australia, Spain, Chile, South Africa
41
Woodland/Shrubland Human Impact
Human ignited wildfires, vineyards
42
Woodland/Shrubland Animals
Bobcat, Jackal, Javelina, Cactus wren, Roadrunner
43
Boreal Forest Climate Description
Long cold winters, short mild summers, moderate precipitation, high humidity
44
Boreal Forest Key Features
Nutrient-poor and acidic soils because of falling needles, also called taiga, only in northern hemisphere, moderate productivity
45
Boreal Forest Dominant Plants
needle-leaf coniferous trees such as spruce and fir, some broadleaf deciduous trees small berry-bearing shrubs
46
Boreal Forest Locations
Maine, Minnesota, Mongolia, Russia, Canada, Norway
47
Boreal Forest Human Impact
Affected by mining, oil extraction, logging, and hydroelectric development
48
Boreal Forest Animals
Canadian lynx, Gray wolf, River otter, Wolverine, Grizzly bear
49
Temperate Rainforest Climate Description
Mild temperatures, abundant precipitation during fall winter and spring, relatively cool dry summer
50
Temperate Rainforest Key Features
Rocky acidic soils, coastal biome, oceans moderate temperature and provide water vapor for precipitation
51
Temperate Rainforest Dominant Plants
Douglas fir, Sitka spruce, western hemlock, redwood, ground layer of mosses and ferns
52
Temperate Rainforest Locations
Washington, Oregon, Argentina, Australia, Tasmania, Taiwan
53
Temperate Rainforest Human Impact
Logging, mills, and coastal fisheries recreation and tourism
54
Temperate Rainforest Animals
Cougar, Elk, Porcupines, Tree frong, and Muskrat

AP Environmental Science (5 decks)

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