Module 0 Vocabulary Review

Question 1

Environment

Answer 1

the sum of all the conditions surrounding us that influence life

Question 2

Environmental Science

Answer 2

the field of science that looks at interactions among human systems and those found in nature

Question 3

Ecosystem

Answer 3

location on earth with interacting biotic and abiotic components

Question 4

Biotic

Answer 4

living

Question 5

Abiotic

Answer 5

nonliving

Question 6

Environmentalism

Answer 6

social movement that seeks to protect the environment

Question 7

Environmental Studies

Answer 7

the field of study that includes environmental science and environmental policy, economics, literature, and ethics

Question 8

Sustainability

Answer 8

the ability to do something without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to engage in similar activities

Question 9

Scientific Method

Answer 9

an objective way to explore the natural world, draw inferences from it, and predict the outcome of certain events, processes, or changes

Question 10

Hypothesis

Answer 10

a testable conjecture about how something works

Question 11

Variable

Answer 11

any categories, factors, or traits that differ in the natural world or in experimental situations

Question 12

Independent Variable

Answer 12

a variable that is not dependent on other factors that you are trying to study

Question 13

Dependent Variable

Answer 13

a variable that is dependent on other factors that you are measuring

Question 14

Null Hypothesis

Answer 14

a prediction that there is no difference between the groups of conditions that are being compared

Question 15

Control Group

Answer 15

a group that experiences exactly the same conditions as the experimental group, except for the single variable under study

Question 16

Natural Experiment

Answer 16

a natural event acts as an experimental treatment in an ecosystem

Question 17

Replication

Answer 17

a procedure where scientists take several, repeated sets of measurements

Question 18

Sample Size

Answer 18

the number of times a measurement is replicated in data collection

Question 19

Accuracy

Answer 19

how close a measured value is to the actual or true value

Question 20

Precision

Answer 20

how close the repeated measurements of a sample are to one another

Question 21

Uncertainty

Answer 21

an estimate of how much a measured or calculated value differs from a true value

Question 22

Inductive Reasoning

Answer 22

the process of making general statements from specific facts or examples

Question 23

Deductive Reasoning

Answer 23

the process of applying a general statement to specific facts or situations

Question 24

Theory

Answer 24

a hypothesis that has been repeatedly tested and confirmed by multiple groups of researchers

Question 25

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 25

a theory that states that energy is neither created nor destroyed but it can change from one form to another

Question 26

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 26

a theory that states that when energy is transformed, the quantity of energy remains the same, but its ability to do work diminishes