Terms Of Orientation Flashcards
Portion of the tooth that is covered with enamel and projects from the tissues in which the root is fixed
Crown
Difference between anatomical and clinical crown
Anatomical: part of the tooth covered by enamel
Clinical: part of the crown of a tooth that is visible in the oral cavity; varies with level of gingival margin around tooth
Portion of a tooth that is embedded in the alveolus and covered by cementum
Root
Difference between the anatomical and clinical root
Anatomical: part of tooth that is covered with cementum
Clinical: part of the tooth that is not visible in the mouth
Unworn surface formed by the junction of the labial and lingual surfaces of anterior teeth
Incisal ridge
Surface formed on the incisal ridge after wear has taken place
Incisal surface
Edge formed by junction of axial surfaces and incisal surfaces of anterior teeth
Incisal edge Labia- Lingo- Mesio- Disto-
Surface of teeth facing towards adjoining teeth in the same dental arch
Proximal
Pertaining to the neck
Cervical
Touching of two surfaces of adjacent teeth
Proximal contact
Point on the proximal surface of a tooth, which touches an adjacent tooth
Contact point
Area of contact caused by the proximal attrition of one tooth with that of another in the same dental arch
Contact area
Imaginary line/angle formed by the junction of two crown surfaces
Line angle
Point which is the junction of three crown surfaces
Point angle
Root termination/tip
Apex
How many roots do anterior teeth have?
One
Two roots
Bifurcation
Three roots
Trifurcation
Small rounded projection found on the crowns of teeth
Extra formation of enamel
Not normal/typical
Tubercle
Where is the most likely location to find a tubercle?
Lingual surface of maxillary anterior teeth
Lingual prominence of enamel on anterior teeth, rising incisally from the cervical line in varying proportions
Cingulum
One of the three rounded prominences on the incisal ridge of a newly erupted unworn incisor
Mamelon
Pronounced point/elevation on/near masticating surface of the crown of a tooth
Cusp
Ridge/elevation of enamel on the mesial and distal margin of the occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars, and the lingual surfaces on incisors and canines
Marginal ridge
Ridge running from the point of a cusp toward the central portion of the occlusal surface of a posterior tooth
Named after the cusp to which they belong
Triangular ridge
Ridge formed by two triangular ridges, which join to form a continuous elevation of enamel across the occlusal surface of some posterior teeth
Transverse ridge
Ridge running obliquely across the occlusal surface of the maxillary molars
Formed by the union of the triangular ridge of the disto-buccal cusp with the distal cusp ridge of the mesio-lingual cusp
Oblique ridge
Elevation of enamel running from the point of a cusp toward the proximal surface
Cusp ridge
Any prominent ridge of enamel immediately adjacent to the cervical line
Cervical ridge
Elevation of enamel on the axial surfaces of a tooth running from the point of a cusp or the incisal edge toward the cervical line
Usually applied to facial or lingual surfaces
Developmental ridge
Round or angular depression occurring mostly on the lingual surfaces of the anterior teeth and on the occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars
Fossa
V-shaped channel or depression on the occlusal surface of a tooth formed by the inclines of adjacent cusps or ridges which meet at an angle cervically
Sulcus
Groove on a tooth formed during the appositional growth of enamel, dentin, and cementum
Denotes the coalescence of the primary parts, of lobes of the crown of a tooth
Developmental groove (primary)
An auxiliary groove, which branches from the developmental groove
Location not related to the junction of primary tooth parts
Supplemental groove (secondary)
Cleft/crevice in a tooth surface thought to result from the imperfect fusion of the enamel of adjoining cusps/lobes
Fissure
Sharp pointed depression at the base of a fossa in the enamel of a tooth
Usually occurs at the junction of two or more developmental grooves and at the end of grooves on the axial surfaces
Pit
Plane that extends antero-posteriorly and medio-laterally
Perpendicular to the capital and coronal planes
Horizontal plane
Vertical plane that extends medio-laterally and superio-inferiorly
Parallel to coronal suture of skill
Perpendicular to horizontal and sagittal planes
Coronal plane
Vertical plane extending antero-posteriorly and superio-inferiorly
Parallel to sagittal suture of skull
Perpendicular to horizontal and coronal planes
Sagittal plane
Most anterior line of mid-sagittal plane
Median line
Midline
How are line angles named?
Names of two adjoining crown surfaces
Proximal named first (mesial, distal)
Occlusal/incisal always last
How are point angles named?
Takes name of the three crown surfaces
Proximal first - mesial/distal
Axial second - buccal/labial/facial/lingual
Occlusal or incisal last
What helps define the embrasure?
Line and point angles
How many roots to anterior teeth normally have?
One
How many roots do posterior teeth mostly have?
Multiple - 2 or 3
Most likely location for tubercles?
Lingual surface of maxillary anterior teeth
Which teeth have a cingulum?
Anterior teeth
Which teeth have cusps? How many?
Incisors - 0
Premolars - 2-3
Molars - 4 or more
Which teeth have marginal ridges?
All
Which teeth have transverse ridges?
Some posterior teeth
Which teeth have oblique ridges?
Maxillary molars
Which teeth have cusp ridges?
Only those teeth with cusps
Canines, premolars, molars
Which teeth have a fossa?
All
Which teeth have a lingual fossa?
Anterior teeth
Which teeth have triangular fossa?
Premolars and molars
Which teeth have a central fossa?
Molars
Which teeth have a sulcus?
Premolars and molars
