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1130 Testing > Terms From Slides > Flashcards

Terms From Slides Flashcards

1
Q

Supine

A

Lying on back

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2
Q

Prone

A

Lying on belly

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3
Q

Trendelenburg

A

Legs up

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4
Q

Left/Right Lateral

A

Lying on your left/right side

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5
Q

Semi-prone

A

Lying on either side

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6
Q

Stable Vital Signs

A

Vital signs are remaining the same as baseline set

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7
Q

Coffee-Ground Emesis

A

Sign of upper GI bleeding

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8
Q

Hematochezia

A

Stool containing bright red blood ie. hemorrhoids

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9
Q

Hematuria

A

Renal injury or illness

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10
Q

Eccymosis

A

Purple bluish coloring under the skin, localized blood collection

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11
Q

Hematoma

A

A localized collection of blood in the soft tissues after injury (bump not a bruise)

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12
Q

Peripheral Pulses

A

Strength is related to stroke volume and pulse pressure

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13
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures

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14
Q

Stroke Volume

A

The volume of blood pumped forward with each ventricular contraction

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15
Q

Cardiac Output

A

Amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute
CO = SV x HR

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16
Q

Mitochondria

A

Metabolic center or powerhouse of the cell. Small and rod shaped

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17
Q

Golgi Complex

A

Synthesis and packaging of various carbohydrates and protein molecules (enzymes)

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18
Q

Lysosomes

A

Contain digestive enzymes

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19
Q

Ribosomes

A

Contain RNA and protein

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20
Q

Peroxisomes

A

Neutralize toxins, such as alcohol. Found in liver.

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21
Q

Baroreceptors

A

Respond to changes in blood pressure, located in carotid artery, aorta and kidneys.
Baroreceptors respond to any decreased stretch, mainly in kidneys.

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22
Q

Glycolysis

A

Process of the breakdown of glucose to ATP

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23
Q

Anaerobic Pathway

A

The absence of oxygen -> lactic acid. Oxygen can later convert lactic acid back to pyruvic acid otherwise it diffuses to the liver and is metabolized. (body converts to anaerobic when it doesn’t have enough Oxygen)

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24
Q

Aerobic Pathway

A

Oxygen -> acytel coenzyme A -> citric acid cycle (releases CO2, NADH to the ETS)

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25
Kreb's Cycle
Breakdown of COA, NAD, FAD released and combined with energized electrons -> ETS -> ATP
26
Virus
Takes over metabolic process of a host cell and uses the host cell to replicate it
27
Bacteria
They possess a capsule that protects them from ingestion and destruction
28
Phagocyte
A white blood cell that engulfs and consumes foreign material such as microorganisms and cellular debris
29
Apoptosis
Normal cell death
30
Pyrogens
Released by white blood cells and causes fever to develop
31
Basophils
Contain histamine granules releases during inflammatory and allergic response
32
Eosinophils
Release substances that damage or kill parasitic invaders
33
Neutrophils
Most abundant white blood cell, protect against infection, and destroy foreign antigens
34
Monocytes
Mature in blood where they differentiate into macrophages (scavengers for the tissues)
35
Lymphocytes
Mediate the acquired immune response. 2 types: B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes
36
Mast Cells
Play a roll in allergic reactions, immunity and wound healing
37
Native Immunity
Natural immunity, non specific cellular and antibody response that operates as the first line of defense against pathogens
38
Acquired Immunity
Adaptive immunity, arises when the body is exposed to a foreign substance or disease and produces antibodies to that invader
39
Cell-Mediated Immunity
T-cell lymphocytes recognize antigens and contribute to the immune response by either secreting cytokines or becoming cytotoxic and killing infected cells.
40
Humoral Immunity
B-cell lymphocytes produce antibodies, react with a certain antigen, have a compliment of 20 proteins circulating until needed.
41
Perfusion
Delivery of Oxygen and nutrients and removal of wastes for the cells, organs and tissues via circulatory system
42
Hypoperfusion
Occurs when the level of tissue perfusion decreases below normal
43
Shock
Abnormal state associated with inadequate Oxygen and nutrient delivery to the metabolic apparatus of the cell, resulting in impairment of cell metabolism and inadequate cell perfusion of vital organs
44
Central Shock
Cardiogenic Obstructive
45
Peripheral Shock
Hypovolemic Distributive
46
RAAS System
A system in your body that causes your body to retain salt and water, causing a rise in blood pressure.
47
Compensated Shock Signs and Symptoms
Agitation, anxiety, restlessness Sense of impending doom Weak, rapid pulse Cool, clammy, pale skin Short of breath Thirst Normal blood pressure
48
Decompensated Shock Signs and Symptoms
Altered mental status Labored breathing Thready or absent peripheral pulses Ashen, mottled or cyanotic skin Impending cardiac arrest Hypotension
49
Injuries Caused by MVC's
Head injuries Hyperflexion spinal injuries Soft tissue injuries Disk herniation Muscle and ligament stretching/damage
50
Injuries Caused by Falls
Foot and lower extremity fractures Hip fracture Spinal injuries Wrist and forearm fractures (Colle's fracture) Axial loading fractures specifically from diving injuries
51
Trauma Assessment First Step
EMCA (don't forget PPE)
52
Trauma Assessment Second Step
General impressions/uncontrolled bleeds? C-Spine control
53
Trauma Assessment Third Step
Initial assessment, ABC's (don't forget skin)
54
Trauma Assessment Fourth Step
Make your first transport decision. Load and go?
55
Trauma Assessment Fifth Step
Load and go or focused assessment? If load and go, rapid trauma assessment If focused assessment: OPQRST, 5 P's, treatment, splint, etc.
56
Once Mobile, First Actions are
Ongoing assessment, LOA, ABC's, recheck interventions Radio patch Detailed physical examination
57
When is a Full Set of Vitals Done
During focused exam During a medical assessment After going mobile during your ongoing exam After your rapid trauma survey, if you decide it was not a load and go
58
Normal Adult Heartrate
60-100 BPM
59
Bradycardia
<60 BPM
60
Tachycardia
>100 BPM
61
Normal Respiratory Rate for Adults
12 - 16 breaths per minute
62
Bradypnea
Slow respiratory rate
63
Tachypnea
Fast respiratory rate (>28 breaths/minute)
64
Hypotension in Adults
<90 mm Hg
65
Normotension in Adults
>100 mm Hg
66
Hypertension
High BP
67
Hypotension
Low BP
68
PEARRL
Pupils Equal And Round Regular in size reactive to Light
69
Skin - 3 Areas (Vitals)
Color - pink, pale, cyanotic, ashen Condition - dry, clammy, diaphoretic Temperature - hot, cool, warm
70
Normal Temperature
36.1-37.2 degrees Celsius
71
BLS Fever
>38.5 degrees Celsius
72
Hypothermia
Low body temp
73
Hyperthermia
High body temp
74
SPO2 Normal Range
97-100%
75
Lung Sounds (what are the correct terms) Upper right Upper left Lower right Lower left
Right apices Left apices Right base Left base
76
GCS Eyes
Eye opening response (1-4) 4. Spontaneously 3. To speech 2. To pain 1. No response
77
GCS Verbal
Verbal response (1-5) 5. Oriented to time, person and place 4. Confused 3. Inappropriate words 2. Incomprehensible sounds 1. No response
78
GCS Motor
Motor Response (1-6) 6. Obeys commands 5. Moves to localized pain 4. Flex to withdraw from pain 3. Abnormal flexion 2. Abnormal extension 1. No response

1130 Testing (4 decks)

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