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british lit > terms and quizs > Flashcards

terms and quizs Flashcards

1
Q

the manner of speech characteristic of a certain area or class

A

dialect

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2
Q

a character used to emphasize another character opposing traits with a work

A

foil character

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3
Q

a brief verbal expression that amuses listeners through clever yet unexpected turns of phrase or connections between ideas

A

wit

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4
Q

besting another remark or turning it to one’s own advantage in a contest of wits

A

repartee

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5
Q

a momentary emotional experience in which readers transcend everyday living and briefly grasp the ultimate of beauty, horror, time, or grandeur

A

the sublime

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6
Q

a poetic device in which lines flow past the end of one verse line and into the next breaking up a grammatical unit such as subject and verb or verb and object, with no punctuation at the end of the first verse line

A

enjambment

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7
Q

a pause in the middle of a line of poetry usually indicated by a mark of punctuation

A

Cae Sura

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8
Q

the agreement of sounds involving rhymes within a line

A

internal rhyme

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9
Q

the repetition of the same vowel sound in nearby stressed syllables

A

assonance

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10
Q

the repetition of terminal constant sounds and more rarely of internal constants that creates extra emphasis on the worlds involved

A

consonance

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11
Q

changes or develops as the story progresses

A

dynamic character

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12
Q

remains essentially the same throughout the story

A

static character

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13
Q

characterized as an unrepentant rebel rendered God-like, mysterious, and grand by aloof and anguished by an arrogant figure of impenetrable thought

A

Byronic hero

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14
Q

a 9 line stanza rhyming ababbcbcc with eight iambic pentameter lines followed by a line of iambic hexameter

A

Spenserian stanza

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15
Q

a long lyric poem elevated in style and written in a complex stanza on a serious theme and often for a specific occasion

A

ode

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16
Q

a verse form in which 3 line stanzas interlock in the following pattern: aba, CDC, ded, etc.

A

terza rima

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17
Q

the use of words whose sounds are pleasant and musical to the ear

A

euphony

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18
Q

the use of words that are hard and discordant in sound

A

cacophony

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19
Q

a devotion to beauty and therefore to art, as the highest human concern

A

aestheticism

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20
Q

what is the definition of rationalism

A

rationalism is the belief that human reason rather than divine revelation or human authority is the source of all knowledge and the only valid basis for action

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21
Q

what was the enlightenment?

A

Enlightenment is a time when it was thought that society had emerged from centuries of superstition and clrudity into the light of reason

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22
Q

on which two issues did parliament disagree with Charles

A

Catholicism and the kings divine right

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23
Q

to what religious group did Cromwell belong

A

puritan

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24
Q

what is the interregnum

A

interregnum denoting the years between Charles 1 and Charles 11 reign. It encompassed both the commonwealth (1644-53) and the protectorate (1654-60)

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25
Q

who ruled England during the interregnum

A

Oliver Cromwell ruled England he headed the executive council then became lord protection

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26
Q

what two political parties formed during this time (civil war and enlightenment)

A

whigs and tories

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27
Q

what were the two sections of parliament

A

house of lords and house of commons

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28
Q

why did the house of Commons become so powerful

A

House of Commons became so powerful because of its increasing wealth over-taxation it eventually became more powerful than the house of lords and king house

29
Q

what are some of the key inventions from this period(civil war and enlightenment)

A

the steam engine and textile manufacturing

30
Q

what were some negative results of the industrial revolution

A

child labor
tenets
expropriation of workers

31
Q

what are some common beliefs of deism

A

Deism is the existence of creation who created the world but leaves it to its own devices. They believe in the goodness of man and the afterlife where virtue is rewarded and vice punished . Also rejected the miracle from Christ’s deity to his atoning death.

32
Q

why was Voltaire important

A

Voltaire believed in the existence of God but rejected the idea of a personal God as well as Christ’s deity. He was one of the members of the Enlightenment

33
Q

why is the new artistic style called neoclassicism

A

this style was based on modes from classical Greece and Rome

34
Q

what are the characteristics of neoclassical literature?

A

neoclassicism is regularity exactness, symmetry, polish, surface, neatness

35
Q

how did the culture of prewar and postwar England affect the tone of the literature produced at the time

A
  • Before the was, Literature was centered primarily in the royal court. The general tone was fitting for an age of strong monarchy with emphasis on obedience and conformity to the appointed order.
  • After the war, the new world opened up temporary lifting off strict censorship controls opened the door to many new voices-religious, political, and social
36
Q

what broad genre came to increased prominence during the 18th century

A

prose

37
Q

what two parties dominated politics and how did their fights affect literature

A

The two parties that dominated politics were Whigs who favored more power for parliament and Tories who favored the traditional authorities of the monarch and established church, It resulted in persuasive prose to new heights

38
Q

what other forces at work during this era cause a rise in literacy(early neoclassical writers)

A
  • emphasis on education
  • enlightenment and prostate values coincided to stress more people needed to read and think for themselves
  • commercial classes growth demanded greater business skills from members
39
Q

what writing style trends characterized early neoclassicism

A

simplicity, elegance, plainness, correctness, wit, realism, directness, didacticism, and clarity

40
Q

what is Samuel Johnson best-known work

A

dictionary of the English language

41
Q

what did the dictionary of the English language accomplish

A

preservation

increased communicative power

42
Q

to what facets of human nature do sensibility refer

A

the human ability to feel emotions

the ability to appreciate goodness and beauty

43
Q

what three types of literature are listed as manifestations of sensibility

A

sentimental
comedy
poetry

44
Q

what particular feature of their lives unites the authors contained in part 4

A

they were all outside the norms of England culture of their period

45
Q

what made Bunyan, Watts, Weasley, and Wilberforce outsiders

A

religious outsiders in some fashion

46
Q

What prompted Bunyan to write “Pilgrim’s progress”

A

he was incarnated for 12 years as a result of his preaching

47
Q

what problem did the Wesley brothers respond to

A

they responded to the dead-end state of the Anglican church

48
Q

How did Charles Wesley use literature to make his voice heard and in whose footsteps did he follow

A

He was a hymn writer to express his ideas and followed Isaac Watts

49
Q

How did Evangelicals affect England in the late 18th century and what political figure exemplified this effect

A

Evangelicals had a strong influence on social reform efforts. William Wilberforce exemplified this effort

50
Q

what made Behn unusual for her time

A

She was the first woman to publish professionally

51
Q

What new voice emerged after the downsides of neoclassical thought became increasingly clear

A

Romanticism

52
Q

what three forces highly influenced the romantic era

A

Industrial reveloution
french revolution
Napoleonic wars

53
Q

what is meant by laissez-faire?What problems did England create by embracing it

A

Laissez-faire declares a policy of government non interference in the economy. It felts workers vulnerable to unreasonable demands by employees

54
Q

why was child labor a controversial issue

A

Child labor was a controversial issue because people considered it inhumane as children worked long hours under grueling conditions

55
Q

What battle was the final defeat for Napolean

A

the battle of waterloo

56
Q

what cultural areas did romanticism affect

A

politics and art, religion, philosophy

57
Q

why did people reject Enlightenment rationalism

A

It walled out all the intangible and non-rational

58
Q

what four philosophies gained prominence during this era(romanticism to victorian)

A

ideals
transcendentalism
progression
primitivism

59
Q

what two prose genres developed significantly in this era(romanticism to victorinism)

A

essay and novel

60
Q

what were the two political parties?

romanticism to victorian

A

liberal

conservations

61
Q

how were the lives of child laborers improved

A
  • workday limited to 8 hours
  • eventually universal education up to 10 years
  • medicated
  • children under 9 were banned from some industries
62
Q

what city replaced Paris as the center of European civilization

A

London

63
Q

what was the single most important invention of the era(romanticism to victorian)

A

railroads

64
Q

where else was steam power harnessed (besides the train)

A

sailing vessels

65
Q

what are some other innovations of the time(romanticism to victorisn)

A 
photography
engineering of storage and water systems
new surgical techniques
gas and electric power
discovery of antiseptics and anesthesia
66
Q

why was India the “jewel in the crown”

A

it had an abundance of resources

67
Q

what was Victoria’s title in India

A

the “empress of India”

68
Q

what was the most important genre during the victorian era

A

novel was important

69
Q

what are two other prose genres that flourished during this time
(romanticism to victorian)

A

periodicals

essay

british lit (6 decks)

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