Final test Flashcards
the emphasis on emotion, reacting against reason, sympathizing with others and appreciating beauty
sensibility
a story with both a literal and an implied level of meaning
allegory
a lyric poem of praise or thankgsgiving to God meant to be sung
hymn
the best-known lyrical structure for hymns that employed quatrains of iambic lines alternating between tetrameter and trimeter
common meter
a perspective in which the narrator stands outside the story and refers to the characters as he, she, they
third-person point of view
a character for whom the reader has favorable feelings
sympathetic character
a unifying recurring element throughout a work or across many artistic works
motif
a question asked not to receive an answer but to achieve an effect
rhetorical question
the unique imprint of an author’s personality on work by which the readers forms an impression of the author
voice
a short narrative of interesting or amusing incidents
anecdote
conversations between characters
dialogue
a reference within a work of literature to something outside it, usually history or another piece of literature
allusion
a perspective in which the narrator refers to himself or herself as I throughout
first-person point of view
a nonfiction account of the life events of a real person other than the author
biography
a character for whom the reader has strong feelings of dislike
unsympathetic character
an autobiographical account of the author’s experience as a slave
slave narrative
a mode of writing formed by a combination of elements such as syntax, diction, figurative language, imagery, tone, and voice
style
a character who changes internally
dynamic character
jarring, discordant sounds
cacophony
a devotion to beauty and therefore, art as the highest human concern
aestheticism
rhymes within a line
internal rhyme
a momentary emotional experience in which readers transcend everyday living and briefly grasp the ultimate of beauty, horror, time, or grandeur
the sublime
grammatical units that flow seamlessly past the line’s end into the next
enjambment
a pause in the middle of a poetic line
caesura
the repetition of the same vowel sound in nearby stressed syllables
assonance
the manner of speech diction, grammar, and pronunciation-characteristic of a certain area or class
dialect
a character used to highlight another’s opposing traits in connection with a work’s themes
foil character
a character who does not change
static character
pleasant sounds especially in the phonetic quality of words
euphony
besting another’s remark or turning it to one’s own advantage in a contest of wits
repartee
a nine-line form of poetry using both iambic pentameter and iambic hexameter
Spenserian stanza
a verse form with an interlocking nature that produces a continuous flow
terza rima
the repetition of the terminal (more rarely, internal) constant sounds in words
consonance
a character with extreme emotional capabilities and tendencies
Byronic hero
a brief verbal expression that amuses listeners through clever but unexpected turns of phrase or connections between ideas
wit
a long lyric poem elevated in style and written in a complex stanza on a serious theme and often for a specific occasion
ode
a poem lamenting a death or loss and death in general
elegy
a poem in which a single character speaks, usually to himself or another character, about a particular topic or incident at a critical moment in his life
dramatic monolgue
a character the author creates and inhabits momentarily
persona
the belied in the survival of the fittest in socirty
social dawnism
realistic fiction that emphasizes characterization by focusing on character’ underlying thought processes and motivations
psychological realism
a play that satrizes the social customs of a sophisticated society
comedy of manners
a brief nonfiction prose compostition that argues for a thesis regarding a particular subject
argumentative essay
a shoretened sonnet form
curtal sonnet
a lyric poem in which a character speaks to a silent audience about a critical moment in his life. The poem focuses on the character of the speaker, which is revealed entirely and unintentionally by what he says
dramatic monologue
is a variation of strong-stress meter. Strong stresses may directly follow each other or be interrupreted by one to three lesser stresses
sprung rhytm
originating in sentimental literature this genre is medieval in setting; gloomy, mysterious, and nightmarish in the atmosphere, as well as suspenseful and often supernatural in the plot
gothic
a lyric poem or song greeting the dawn and often expressing the regret of two lovers at parting
aubade
a form of shock humore derived from treating grotesque serious or morebid situtations comically
black humore
two or more words having identical sounds in the last stressed vowel and the sounds that follow these words are at the ends of lines of poetry
end rhyme
a sudden, revelatory insight into some aspect of life or reality that springs from an ordinary person, object or event
epiphany
to hint at events that occur later within a story
forshadowing
type of stream of consciousness narration expressing a character’s inner thoughts
interior monologue
the emotion pervading a work
mood
agreement of sounds from the last stressed vowel sound onward, with a difference in the immediately preceding constant sound
perfect rhyme
this type of rhyme shows agreement in terminal constant
slant rhyme
a type of writing in which the author attempts to reproduce the flow of thoughts in a character’s mind with little attention to grammar or logic
stream of consciousness
words that convey not just their dictionary definitions but also the speaker’s emotional or evaluative tone toward his subject
connative language
in the neoclassical style, a refined word choice that often elaborately rephrased ideas to avoid everyday language
poetic diction
the belief that human reason rather than divine relation or human authority is the source of all knowledge and the only valid basis for action is the philosophy of
rationalism
which concept is defined as a time when it was thought that society had emerged from centuries of superstition and crudity into the light of reason
the enlightenment
on which two issues did Parliament disagree with charles
the divine right to kings and catholicism
to what religious group did Cromwell belong
puritan
which work is James Boswell best known for
the life of Samuel Johnson
what term does Johnson apply to the following dictionary
“One who countenances supports, or protects. Commonly a wretch who supports with insolence and is paid with flattery”
patron
in his criteria for good literature in Rambler No.4, Johnson discourages against what
inclusion of sympathetic villains
In Rambler No.4 what does Johnson claim to be the “highest proof of understanding”
virtue
what information was Boswell concerned that Johnson did not know about him when Mrs. Davis introduced him in “The life of Samuel Johnson”
Boswell’s home country, Scotland
according to “the life of Samuel johnson,” what element of Johnson’s death was very important to him
that he die with a clear mind and soul
the central motif of the pilgrim’s progress compares
life to journey
in the pilgrim’s progress, the narrator presents the story as something that
he dreamed
at which location in the pilgrim’s progress does Bunyan incorporate a biblical allusion to Christ’s temptation by Satan
vanity fair
Burn’s “To a mouse” uses which of the following to communicate his perspective on man’s hopes and more broadly his nationalism and devotion to the common man and nature
a rural dialect and colorful images
Burns makes use of what literary device in the following quote from “to a mouse”
“Wi’ bickering brattle!”
alliteration
Burn’s “A red, red rose” exhibits what literary device in the following excerpt
“And I will luve thee still,my dear,/ Till a’ the seas gang dry”
hyperbole
Burns’s use of what literary device is evident in the following exceprt from “A red,red rose”
“O my luv’s like the melodie/ That’s sweetly play’s in tune”
simile
in the following excerpt from A vindication Wollstonecraft makes what kind of rhetorical appeal
“Thank to that Being who impressed them on my soul, and gave me sufficient strength of mind to dare to exert my own reason”
ethos
in a vindication, what does Wollstonecraft call for
woman to be considered equal with mean and to have equal access to education
in pride and prejudice, which of Lizzy’s characterisics does Mr. Bennet distinguish as setting her apart from her sister
her intellengence
how does Austen indirectly develop Bingley’s character in “pride and prejudice”
- be relating his actions at the ball,
- by Bennet’s dialogue about his reputation
- by his own dialogue with darcy at the ball
what did the authors of the victorian era exhibited
they exhibted an unprecedented degree of social mobility in achieving literary success
what device is at work in the following excerpt from Sonnet 43
“I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise”
similie
which aspect of time is an organizing factor in Sonnet 43
past present future
with what allusion does Carlyle end “The condition of England” to solidify his argument
an allusion to the story of MIdas
according to Dickens in Hard Time what is the only thing that can save his society
love and duty
who is responsiblie for the theory of social darwnism
herbert spenser
what movement extended Dawnism into literature and what key author qrote in such a vien
naturalism
Thoman hardy
what is Wilde’s purpose in his crafting of Lady Bracken’s character in the importance of being earnest?
to voice the shallow prinicples of Victorian high society
according to Lady Bracknell in the importance of being Earnest, what is the consequence of public education in England
education has no effect on english society
world war 1 contributed to British disillusionment with a traditional worldview because of
- people believed that traditional religion had failed the country
- modern technology made warfare more inhumane
- britian’s war leadership had ineffectively handled the war
what philosophy maintaing that people must create their own meaning dominated much postwar literature
existentialism
what modern idea postulates that people are trapped by conditions imposed on them by human nature, society, and the world
determinism
the final like of “Araby” is an example of what literary feature
“Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity and my eyes burned with anguish and anger”
epiphany
a main conflict and theme of “Araby” is
reality vs. fanasty
in “the mark on the wall” the speaker questions a traditional worldview with which illustration
whitaker’s almanack
what is the solution that Ransom provides to the dilemma in the excerpt from perelandra
the green lady should “walk out of her own will”
the dominant rhetorical appeal in “be ye men of valor” is
pathos
the following lines from “Aubade” illustrate what literary feature
“meanwhile telephones crouch,getting ready to ring in locked up offices and all the uncarring Intricate rented world begin to rouse”
personfication
Samuel Beckett’s waiting for Godot is a representation of what philipsophy
existentialism
how many people speak in “Not waving but drowning”
three
who is the victim in “the moment before the gun went off”
lucas
lucas’s mother
van der vyver
what are the conflicts between father and son in “a devoted son”
- Rakesh must take care of Varma in a reversal of the father/son relationship
- Varma doesn’t approve Rakesh’s control over his meals
- Rakesh has some western values, whereas Varam has traditional indian values
person place thing or idea
noun
takes the place of a noun
pronoun
joins two or more words together
conjunction
its all about a thing and its postion
prepostion
expresses emotions
interjection
describes a verb
adverb
describes a noun or pronoun
adjective
predicate
verb
what two political parties formed during this time
civil war and enlightenment
whigs and torries
what were the two sections of parliament
house of lord and house of commons
because of its increasing wealth and power over taxation what eventually became more powerful that the house of lords and king himself
house of commons
what negative results of the industrail revolution
tenements
exploitation
child labor
who was the key figure of the enlightenment and believed in the existence of God but denied Christ’s deity
voltarie
what broad genre came to increased prominence during the 18th century
prose
what is characterized by the writing style trends of simplicity, elegance, plainness, correctness, vigor, wit, realism, directness, didacticism, and clarity
Neoclassicism
who responded to the deadened state of the anglican church
the wesley brothers
what new voice emered after the downsides of neoclassical though became incrasignly clear
romanticism
London replaced what city as the center of european civilization
paris
list the five characteristics of neoclassical literature
regularity exactness, symmetry, polish surface, neatness
what two parties dominated politics during this time and their fights brought especially persuasive prose to new heights
whigs and torries
Name the several forces at work during this era that caused a rise in literacy
- emphasis on education
- enlightenment and prostate values coincided to stress more people needed to read and think for themselves
- commercial classes growth demanded greater business skills from members
what is Samuel Johnson’s best-known work
dictionary of the English language
what promoted Bunyan to write “Pilgrim’s progress”
he was incarnated for 12 years as a result of his preaching
what made Behn unusual for her time
She was the first woman to publish professionally
what is meant by Laissez faire? what problems in England create by embracing it?
Laissez-faire declares a policy of government non interference in the economy. It felts workers vulnerable to unreasonable demands by employees
what cultural areas did romanticism affect
politics and art, religion, philosophy
what was the single most important invention of the era(romanticism to victorian)
railroads
where else was steam power harnessed (besides the train)
sailing vessels
what was india called due to the fact that it was rich in resources
“jewel in the crown”
“to a mouse” why does the speaker say that the mouse is more fortunate than man is
because the mouse has to deal with the present only-whereas the man has to deal with the past, present, and the future
interpret in your own words the meaning of the following lines from Robert Burns’s “to a mouse”
“The best laid schemes o’ mice an’ men, Gang aft agley, An’ lea’e us nought but grief and pain for promised joy”
This quote from “To a Mouse” means anyone can make plans, but even with the best of hopes, we are often disappointed.
fill in the blanks to complete this famous line from “Ode on a Grecian Urn” which encapsulates Keat’s philosphy “Beauty is ___, ____ beauty”
truth
truth
Tennyson mixed Christianity with what other philosophy to provide a basis for his comfort and hopes
transendalist
according to Carlyle, how did the victorian age transition in its definition of virtue
formerly was “a worship of the beautiful and good”
but became “a calculation of the profitable.”
which two authors present a general traditional christian viewpoint in their writing
Elizabeth and robert browning
list the five major themes or characteristics of modernist art and listerture
- disillusionment with modern life
- fragmentation of community and alienating individuals within society
- explore the inner lives of individuals and psychological realism
- experimentation
- Search for meaning
contrasting with modernists, which two writers in the text held to traditional ideology and style
CS Lewis and winston churchill
what two symbols does Joyce use throughout “Araby”
light and darkness
the following line is an example of what linguistic feature of persuasion
“The bulk of that hideous apparatus of aggression which gashed Holland into ruin and slavery in a few days will be turned upon us”
connative language
the following line is an example of what rhetorical device
“Whatever happens they will fight to the end, be it bitter or be it glorious”
is an example of antithesis
what is Larkin referring to with the following lines
“That vast moth-eaten musical brocade created to pretend we never die”
this is an example of where Larkin is referring to Religion.
what modernist theme does “not waving but drowning” best represents
Represents the modernist theme of Alienation / Isolation of the individual.
Deism believe there is an existence of a creator who created the world but then leaves it to its own devices, referred to as the great clock winder(t/f)
true
the new artistic style called neoclassicism was based on models from classical Greece and Rome(t/f)
true
the three types of literature listed as manifestations of sensibility are standardized essays, novels sensibility, and sentimental comedy (t/f)
false
Bunyan, Watts, Wesley, and Wilberforce all were considered to be outsiders due to their political affiliation and where they form(t/f)
false
the three forces that highly influenced the romantic era were the industrial revolution, the french revolution, and the Napoleonic wars(t/f)
true
people rejected Enlightenment rationalism because it walled out all the intangible, intuition, and emotions(t/f)
true
Johnson’s dictionary included contextual examples that were sometimes humorous and displayed insight into Johnson’s own views(t/f)
true
Burns uses apostrophe as a major guiding element of “To a mouse”(t/f)
true
In “A red, red rose” Burns uses similes to compare his love to a red rose(t/f)
true
In “the pilgrim’s progress, Evangelist takes off Christian’s burden by giving him the scroll and pointing him towards the gate(t/f)
false
wollstonecraft combines aspects of both neoclassicism and romanticism in “A vindication” (t/f)
true
Goven Darcy’s deportment at the ball in our book’s excerpt from “Pride and Prejudice” he is a sympathetic character (t/f)
false
the third quatrain of Keat’s Sonnet, “When I have fears” expresses his fear of ending a love relationship(t/f)
true
the attitude of early Victorian England toward the future seemed generally hopeful that england was on the verge of prosperity and advancement(t/f)
true
in “the condition of England” Carlyle claims that England’s poor condition is not caused by its lack of wealth and resources but by England’s lack of properly using its resources(t/f)
true
In “signs of the times” Carlyle claims that England’s progress has closed the gap between social classes(t/f)
false
Carlyle’s thesis in “signs of the times” is that “free in hand and foot, we are shackled in heart and soul” (t/f)
true
the following excerpt from Dickens’s Hard times reflects Carlyle’s message in “signs of the times”: “Never wonder. By means of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, settle everything somehow and never wonder”(t/f)
true
unlike the modernist poets and novelists studied in Unit 5 part 1, the postwar writers demonstrated an optimism and moral certainty resulting from the end of World War 11(t/f)
false
Larkin’s “Aubade” contrasts with typical aubades in that the speaker dreads the morning and has no meaningful connection with another person(t/f)
true
in “Aubade” Larkin’s answer to the fear of death is courage in facing death(t/f)
false
in “the moment before the gun went off” the apatheid supporters show prejudice, but the anti-apartheid groups remain open-minded(t/f)
false
Gordimer consistently uses limited third-person narration from Van der Vyver’s perspective throughout “the moment before the gun went off”(t/f)
false
Gordimer surprise ending up “the moment before the gun went off” reveals that Van der Vyver plotted Lucas’s death(t/f)
false
Rakesh and Varma are able to resolve their differences at the end of “A devoted son”(t/f)
false
In things fall apart, Achebe voices the belief that independent Nigeria can use colonial and traditional influences to form a dynamic whole(t/f)
true
the Christian objective to most of the modernist literature is not to its techniques but to its underlying message(t/f)
true
modernists focused primarily on the group, not the individual, in their writing(t/f)
false
Modernism, at its core, offered a realistic perspective on a life separate from the hope of the gospel(t/f)
true
yeats reflected the modernists’ search for meaning yet he offered no alternative system of explanation of his poetry(t/f)
false
Mansfield’s stories focus on characters’ perceptions particularly concerning class and often feature emotionally fragile yet complex female characters(t/f)
true
in “a cup to tea” Rosemary resembles the good samaritan in helping miss smith(t/f)
false
in “araby” the vibrant setting of the dublin neighborhood is contrasted with the drab atmosphere of the bazzar(t/f)
false
Joyce’s portrayal of the roman catholic church in “Araby” is mostly positive(t/f)
false
In “A sick collier” willy and lucy had a shared vision of home life(t/f)
false
Lucy fears are unresolved at the end of “A sick collier”(t/f)
true
Woolf develops the symbol of “The Mark on the wall” indirectly and thus obscures the meaning of it for the reader(t/f)
true
the mark on the wall symbolizes both an escape from reality and an assurance of reality (t/f)
true
even though Lewis’s Perelandra is in the science fiction genre, its focus is nearly entirely on theological themes (t/f)
true
in the excerpt from Wildes’s the importance of being earnest Gwendolyn gives a well reasoned and passionate defense for her true love for Ernest himself(t/f)
false
In “the conversion of Aurelian McGoggin” the narrator’s perspective completely aligns with a biblical worldview(t/f)
false
the gifted leader and orator of WW11 was the son of an American heiress and English lord. This author’s steady optimism and confident speeches inspired the British people during what was called “their finest hour”
winston churchill
the irish novelist and short story writer was enstranged from his homeland but wrote copiously of it. He was master of language and psychological realism
james joyce
the Irish novelist, poet, theologian, and literary critic wrote the famous children’s series which includes “The Lion, the witch, and the wardrobe”
CS Lewis
this english novelist, short story writer, essayist, and poet wrote controversial content focusing on the shifting, fragmented nature of human experience and the inability of people to escape their environment
D.H. Larence
this great master and innovator of the short story,cast insights into the natural environment juxtposed against the thought of the characters, creating a focus on characters perception, particularly as related to class. Often theses characters were emotionally fragile woman
katherine Mansfirled
this english novelist, essayist and publisher wrote modernist forms with feminist themes and potrayed profound but unspoken moments in everyday life
virginia woolf
considered the father of African literature, this novelist and poet gave voice to the Igbo people in the form of what became the bestselling African novel of all time, he continued to contribute to literary scholarship as both a literary critic and educator
Chinus Achebe
this england poet and literary critic revolutionized English verse with earthy tone and violent nature; in combining a focus on the natural world and mythological symbols he explores humanity’s relationship witht he universe
Ted Hughes
possibly one of the best novelists speaking to dislocation in the twentieth century this Indian writer highlights both the pain of life and how to bear it
Anita Desai
this south african novelist and short story writer advocates against apartheid in her literature and speaks to both the white and non white experiences of community within apartheid
nadine Gordimer
Both a poet and a liberian, this englishman voiced despair in his work, establishing him as “a graveyard poet” and the unofficial poet Laureate of his time
Philip Larkin
Inspired by Joyce, this Irish Playwright dynamically, adopting a seeming childlike simplicity and traditional poetic devices, but also exploring themes of isolation and loss
stevie smith
inspired by Joyce, this Irish playwright dynamically affected English drama and was awarded the noble prize for literature
Samuel Beckett
this author influenced such poet as George Eliot, Emily dickensons and virginia woolf also had health problems starting at age 15 and lasted the rest of life
Elizabth Barret Browning
this poet examined the heart and inner struggles of man in developing his signature poetic form: the dramatic monologue
robert browning
a scottish historian and essayist this master controversionalist influenced a number of intellectuals and adhered to a perspective that embraced transcedental deistic religion and eschewed materialism
thomas carlyle
Ironically, this internationally born British mastered the short story but is actually best known for his novelist he declined the poet laureateship of England but was the first novel prize winner in English language literature
rudyard kipling
this writer one of englands leading novelists sought to use his writing to expose injustices and encourage reform; his expertise in his subject matter came from personal experience both as a common person and as a journalist telling englands tale
charles dickens
this writer was educated at portora royal school and then trinity college, Dublin where he/she fell in love with classical languages and won the award for best student in Greek. Many works of his her works satrized vistorian social mores
oscar wilde
