Terms and Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

BHI

A

Chloramphenical and cycloheximide (suppress fast growing saprophytes and bacteria)
Growth of Histoplasma capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis

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2
Q

Mycosel Agar

A

Primary recovery of dermatophytes

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3
Q

Cornmeal Agar (CMA)

A

Identification of C. albicans

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4
Q

Niger Seed Agar (aka Bird Seed)

A

Identification of Cryptococcus neoformans

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5
Q

Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA)

A

Stimulate the sporulation of dermatophytes

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6
Q

Christensen’s Urea Agar

A

Used to differentiate between:
Cryptococcus species (negative) or Cryptococcus neoformans (positive)
T. mentagrophytes (positive) or T. rubrum (negative)
Trichosporon (positive)

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7
Q

Rapid Growers

A

< 7 days
Most saprophytes
Mucormycetes (Zygomycetes)
Coccidiodes immitus
Yeast

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8
Q

Moderate Growers

A

7-10 days
Dermatophytes (most)
Some saprophytes
Sporothrix schenkii

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9
Q

Slow Growers

A

> 10 days
Subcutaneous dematiaceous fungi (Phialophora, Cladophialophora, & Fonsecaea)
Dermatophytes (a few)
Systemic dimorphic fungi except Coccidiodes immitus

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10
Q

Topography

A

Flat (no topography)
Raised, folded, verrucose (wrinkled, convoluted, or wart-like)
Cerebriform (brain-like)
Rugose (deep furrows irregularly radiating from center)
Umbonate (button like central elevation)

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11
Q

Septate

A

Subdivided into individual cells by transverse walls or septa

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12
Q

Aseptate

A

Without transverse septa or walls

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13
Q

Aerial mycelium

A

Grows above the substrate and supports development of fruiting bodies

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14
Q

Vegetative mycelium

A

Extends downward into the nutrient substrate

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15
Q

Favic chandeliers

A

Terminal hyphal branches that are irregular, broad, and antler or moose-like appearance
Characteristic in Trichophyton schoenleinii

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16
Q

Spiral hyphae

A

Form coiled or cork-screw like turns
Commonly seen in Trichophyton species

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17
Q

Asexual Reproduction

A

Involves nuclear and cytoplasmic division in which 2 daughter cells contain same genetic information as one parent.
Seen most commonly in fungi

18
Q

Poroconidia

A

Found in Bipolaris
Fruiting bodies are formed by daughter cell pushing through a minute pore in parent cell (conidiophore)

19
Q

Annelloconidia

A

Found in Scopulariopsos
Arise from inside a vase-shaped structure called annellide

20
Q

Blastospores/Blastoconidia

A

Budding forms produced by yeast
Cells are produced by budding when daughter cell is pinched off from portions of mother cell

21
Q

Pseudohyphae

A

Elongated blastoconida that remain attached from structures called pseudohyphae

22
Q

Chlamydospores/Chlamydoconia

A

Round, thick-walled resistant spores
Observed at the hyphal tip (chlamydospores), on the sides of hyphae (sessile chlamydospores), or within the hyphal strand (intercalary chlamydospores)

23
Q

Arthrospores/Arthroconidia

A

Formed directly on hyphae by fragmentation through points of septation.
Mature they appear as square, rectangular, or barrel-shaped, thick-walled cells

24
Q

Tease Mount

A

Small portion of colony including some of the subsurface is dug out with a pair of dissecting needles
Colony is teased apart with needles and overlaid with a cover slip

25
Scotch Tape Prep
Spore arrangement of more delicate molds are better preserved Using frosted, clear cellophane tape, press sticky side gently but firmly to surface of the colony Place a drop of LPCB Stick end of tape to surface of slide
26
Slide Culture
Method used when tease mount of scotch tape prep cannot establish an accurate ID Media is placed onto the glass slide Organism inoculated on media Cover slip placed on top and incubated
27
Hair Perforation Test
Obtain light colored hair from child and place into tube Add 20-25 mL of sterile DI Place several fragments of fungal culture into tube Incubate and look for positive reaction
28
India Ink Prep
India Ink is placed on slide Spinal Fluid or small amount of isolated yeast is added Add cover slip Look for capsulated yeast cells
29
Calcofluor White Stain
Binds to beta 1-3 and 1-4 polysaccharides Fluoresces when exposed to UV radiation Fungal elements stand out as bright apple green on a red background
30
Acid Fast Stain for Ascopores
Ascospores stain green Vegetative cells stain red
31
Acid Fast Stain (Modified)
Nocardia species appear at least partially acid fast
32
KOH Prep
10% KOH is used to clear debris and dissolve keratinous material from skin, hair, and nails
33
Latex agglutination
Test for Cryptococcus neoformans in CSF
34
Wrights Giemsa Stain
Detect intracellular yeast forms of Histoplasma capsulatum in bone marrow
35
Mycotic
infection with fungus or disease caused by fungus
36
Keratitis
Inflammation of the cornea
37
Mycetomas
chronic, progressively destructive infectious disease of the subcutaneous tissues that spreads to affect the skin, deep tissues, and bone
38
Keratomycosis
invasive infection of corneal stroma
39
Onychomycosis
fungal infection of the nail unit
40
Phaeohyphomycosis
Rare mycotic infection caused by various heterogenous groups of phaeoid (dematiaceous) fungi involving the skin and subcutaneous tissue