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Comps Prep > Terms and Definitions > Flashcards

Terms and Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Concerto Grosso

A

concertino-small group/ ripieno-tutti

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2
Q

Suite/Partita

A

instrumental movements with some element of unity Bach Prelude Allemande Courante Sarabande Gigue

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3
Q

Chorale Prelude

A

compostition for organ based on German Protestant chorale

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4
Q

Chorale Cantata

A

A cantata based on the words and/or melody of a German Lutheran chorale

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5
Q

Lutheran Chorale

A

German text JS Bach liturgical use of vernacular hymns

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6
Q

Trio sonata

A

Baroque instrumental chamber music 2 violins 1 cello 1 keyboard

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7
Q

Sonata da camera

A

Instrumental piece Trio sonata Corelli multi movement Dance suite

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8
Q

Sonata da chiesa

A

Instrumental piece Trio sonata Corelli multi movement Dance suite

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9
Q

Toccata

A

“to touch” a virtuoso piece for keyboard Gabreieli-Hassler-JS Bach

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10
Q

Oratorio

A

large musical composition based on religious setting/ appropriate for church

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11
Q

Canzona

A

based on songs/ instrumental works/ multi-movement/ Gabrieli-Frescobaldi/ ancestor of sonata da chiesa

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12
Q

Cantata

A

composite vocal genre of the Baroque-recit. Arioso, choral

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13
Q

Concertato

A

vocal and instrumental/ early 17th century

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14
Q

Ricercare

A

instrumental composition/ prelude to fugue form hehehe

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15
Q

Guido of Arezzo

A

Guidonian Hand/ Ut re fa sol/solmization/basis of modern scale

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16
Q

Church modes/Gregorian Modes

A

Pope Gergory I Dorian-Phrygian-Lydian-Mixolydian (Authentic) + Hypo (Plagal)

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17
Q

Dorian-Hypodorian

A

D-A

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18
Q

Phrygian-Hypophrygian

A

E-B

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19
Q

Lydian-Hypolydian

A

F-C

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20
Q

Myxolydian-Hypomixolydian

A

G-D

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21
Q

Hexachord

A

Six pitch classes/hexad six-note pitch collection Milton Babbitt

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22
Q

Mass Proper

A

appropriate to a particular feast/ Introit.Gradual.Alleluia/Tract.Communion

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23
Q

Mass Ordinary

A

used on any day Kyrie.Gloria.Credo.Sanctus.AgnusDei.Ita missa est/Benedicamus Domino

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24
Q

Neumes

A

signs employed in the notation of plainsong

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25
Q

Sequence

A

repitition of a phrase of melody or harmonic progression at different pitch levels/mass Chants in Roman Rite

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26
Q

Hymn

A

Song of praise to God

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27
Q

Requiem Mass

A

Mass for the Dead

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28
Q

Dies Irae

A

Wrath of God/part of requiem Mass

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29
Q

Troubadour and Trouve’res

A

poet musicians 1100-1300

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30
Q

Organum

A

medieval polyphony on a cantus firmus

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31
Q

Rhythmic modes

A

rhythmic patterns in medieval music/modern music

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32
Q

Magnus Liber organi

A

large collection of polyphonic music 12th and 13th century Notre Dame

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33
Q

Motet

A

polyphonic setting of Latin text/imitative style (Palestrina)

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34
Q

Ars nova

A

Philippe de Vitry’s 13th century treatise

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35
Q

Isorhythm

A

repitition of a rhythmic pattern/ motet 14th and 15th century

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36
Q

Formes Fixes

A

Ballade, Virelai, Rondeau/ Late medieval France 14-15th century

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37
Q

Caccia

A

in canon often hunting or market scenes Italian 14th and 15th century madrigal and instrumental

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38
Q

Musica ficta

A

tomes outside the Guidonian Hand/accidentals left unwritten

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39
Q

Cantus firmus

A

a pre-existent melody used as a basis for polyphonic composition

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40
Q

L’homme arme’

A

a popular melody used as cantus firmus

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41
Q

Parody Mass

A

a cyclic mass based on a polyphonic model

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42
Q

Humanism

A

individualism, discovery and freedom from faith in God

43
Q

Odhecaton

A

Petrucci 1501/anthology of polyphony/ Isaac Josquin-Agricola

44
Q

Chanson

A

troubador and trouvere/secular polyphony

45
Q

Madrigalism

A

A musical effect intended to illustrate text in a vocal composition 16th century

46
Q

Madrigal

A

A poetic and musical vocal form. 14th century Italy/16-17th century polyphonic

47
Q

Tablature

A

Musical notation using letters/numerals/or diagrams to specify pitch

48
Q

Pavane and Galliard

A

16th century dance and dance forms

49
Q

Fitzwilliam Virginal Book

A

a manuscript containing 300 works for virginal 16-17th century

50
Q

Prima prattica. Seconda prattica

A

16th century polyphony as codified by Zerlino/ words over music

51
Q

Basso continuo/thorugh bass/figured bass

A

an independent bass line upon which harmonies are realized

52
Q

basso ostinato/ground bass

A

a repeating melodic phrase set in the bass

53
Q

chaconne/passacaglia

A

a continuous variation form (Baroque)

54
Q

Libretto

A

text of opera or oratorio

55
Q

recitativo semplice o secco

A

acc. by continuo only

56
Q

recitativo accompagnato

A

acc. by orchestra

57
Q

Da capo aria

A

ABA or variations of

58
Q

Trage’die lyrique

A

17th and 18th century French serious opera. Lully/ Prologue + 5 Acts

59
Q

Singspiel

A

German music dramatic work 18th or 18th century/ usually with spoken text

60
Q

Scordatura

A

Unconventional tuning of stringed instruments

61
Q

Temperament

A

Slight modification of a pure interval/ any modified scale or interval

62
Q

Ripieno

A

tutti concerto

63
Q

Ritornello

A

a repeated section of music usu. In Baroque

64
Q

French Overture

A

slow processional with dotted rhythms. Usu. In 3 Lully and Bach

65
Q

Style galant

A

characteristic style of early classic/light texture/ more homophonic style

66
Q

Empfindsamer Stil

A

“sensitive style” 18th century German style intended to express true and natural feelings

67
Q

Opera seria

A

18th century Italian libretto style-Metastasio (Zeno) Handel 19th century Rossini, Bellini, Donizetti

68
Q

Opera Buffa

A

vernacular/popuar/recit. Dialogue

69
Q

Ballad Opera

A

musico-dramatic genre England +colonies with dialogue

70
Q

Sturm und Drang

A

German opera 1770s minor keys. Melodramatic/ Haydn. Mozart. JC Bach

71
Q

Mannheim

A

1750-1778) Influential orchestra based in Mannheim/ Rocket and Roller

72
Q

Lorenzo da Ponte

A

Venetian librettist and poet Don Giovanni. Cosi fan tutti. Le Nozze di Figaro

73
Q

Program Music

A

Music that depicts non-musical ideas

74
Q

Program symphony

A

movements are labelled-symphonic poem

75
Q

Ide’e fixe

A

Berlioz/ musical idea-linking several mvt.s Symphonie fantastique 1830 leitmotif

76
Q

Concert Overture

A

intended as a concert piece not attached to opera

77
Q

Absolute Music/Abstract Music

A

music free of any implicit connection to extramusical reality

78
Q

Mazurka

A

Polish folk dance in 3 Chopin

79
Q

Song Cycle

A

a group of songs consituting a literary and musical unit

80
Q

verismo

A

Italy 1890’s Cavalleria Rusticana I Pagliacci

81
Q

Cavatina/Cabaletta

A

entrance of principle character/second portion of aria or duet. Rousing tempo

82
Q

bel canto

A

beauty of sound, even tone, legato, phrasing

83
Q

melodrama

A

musico dramatic form involving intense dramatic ands emotional situations

84
Q

leitmotif

A

a usical fragment closely related to some aspect of the drama

85
Q

gesamtkunstwerk

A

RW’s term for his mature musical operas in essays 1849. he misspelled the term gesam(m)tkunstwerk speaks of unifying all works of art via the theater

86
Q

The Mighty Five

A

Balakirev/Cui/Mussorgsky/Rimsky-Korsakov/Borodin

87
Q

Impressionism

A

Debussy colors. Static. Non-climactic melodies circling a single pitch

88
Q

Expressionism

A

Scheoberg, Berg, Weber extreme expressive effects

89
Q

Neo-classicism

A

Stravinsky- objectivity restraint motivic clarity

90
Q

Polytonality

A

simultaneous use of two or more tonalities

91
Q

whole tone scale

92
Q

Gebrauchsmusik

A

music for use/functional music 1920s accessible to public Hindemith. Kurt Weill /composed for a particluar purpose/ utility music

93
Q

minimalism

A

music stripped down to basic elements/ Reich. Glass. Adams

94
Q

post-modernism

A

reaction to complexity and control by minimalists

95
Q

octatonic scale

A

8 pitches made by alternation whole and half tones Stravinsky

96
Q

Atonality

A

absence of tonality Schoenberg-Webern-Berg

97
Q

Pitch Sets

A

a collection of pitches-sound at once or not

98
Q

Sprechstimme

A

use of voice midway between speech and song Sprechgesang

99
Q

Dodecaphonic Music

A

12 tone series

100
Q

Serialism

A

music constructed according to groups of elements. Pitch.duration. Any other musical values Boulez. Stockhausen Babbitt

101
Q

Musique concre’te

A

1950s and 60s taped music Boulez Cage Stockhausen

102
Q

Indeterminacy/Aleatoric

A

use of chance or indetrminacy

103
Q

Open form

A

aleatoric forms John Cage 1950s

104
Q

Metric modulation

A

change from one time signature to another where there is a common note value

Comps Prep (5 decks)

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