Baroque from Grout (mainly vocal)

Question 1

Baroque

Answer 1

1600-1750 term used by Charles de Brosses to describe the façade of the Pamphili Palace in Rome

Question 2

Italian Baroque Music

Answer 2

dominated the Baroque, Florence (opera)/ Rome cantata and intrumental/Venice and Naples opera/Bologna instrumental music

Question 3

French Baroque Music

Answer 3

could not escape Italian influence but did maintain its own national style/ Jean-Baptiste Lully

Question 4

German Baroque Music

Answer 4

recovering from the 30 years war/ rebuilt on the Italian style/ Bach and Handel owed much to the Italian style

Question 5

English Baroque Music

Answer 5

faded until late 17th century with a nearly complete surrender to the Italian style

Question 6

Prima Practica / Monteverdi (1605)

Answer 6

style of vocal polyphony codified by Zarlino / stile antico/stylus gravis

Question 7

Seconda practica

Answer 7

text dominated music / dissonances used more freely for expressive purposes

Question 8

Basso continuo

Answer 8

typical texture of the Baroque/ firm bass and florid treble/ composer only wrote bass line and treble voice

Question 9

Florentine Camerata 1

Answer 9

Girolamo Mei (1519-1594) embarked on an investigation of Greek music

Question 10

Florentine Camerata 2

Answer 10

Giovanni Bardi (1534-1612) hosted academy in Florence to discuss science, arts and literature

Question 11

Florentine Camerata 3

Answer 11

Vincenzo Galilei (1520?-1591) attacked theory of vocal counterpoint/ polyphony

Question 12

Dafne

Answer 12

1598 Ottavio Rinuccini (1562-1621) and Jacopo Peri (1561-1633)

Question 13

Girolamo Mei

Answer 13

(1519-1594)

Question 14

Giovanni Bardi

Answer 14

(1534-1612)

Question 15

Vincenzo Galilei

Answer 15

(1520?-1591)

Question 16

Recitative Style

Answer 16

Peri used in order to find a style somewhere between speech and song

Question 17

Monody

Answer 17

could convey both dialogue and narrative clearly

Question 18

Claudio Monteverdi

Answer 18

L’Orfeo (1607) used a large orchestra

Question 19

Early Baroque Opera in Rome

Answer 19

did not take root until 1620’s/ singing fell into two types recit. And aria/ L. Rossi (1567-1653)

Question 20

L. Rossi

Answer 20

(1567-1653) early Roman opera composer

Question 21

Venetian Opera

Answer 21

Ferrari and Manelli produced Andromeda (1637) at the Teatro San Cassiano/ carnival/ freedom from relligious and social restraint/ anyone could rent a seat providing steady funding for a season

Question 22

Il ritorno d’Ulisse

Answer 22

Monteverdi 1640 Venice mixture of recitative and monody (others were already trending towards recit. Aria)

Question 23

L’incoronazione di Poppea

Answer 23

Monteverdi 1642 Venice mixture of recitative and monody (others were already trending towards recit. Aria)

Question 24

Pier Francesco Cavalli

Answer 24

(1602-1676) pupil of Monteverdi/ wrote 41 operas

Question 25

Antonio Cesti

Answer 25

(1623-1669) Il pomo d’oro 1667

Question 26

Italian Opera (mid-17th century)

Answer 26

concentration solo singing/seperation of recit and aria/arias developed distinctive styles and forms/ music starts to take precedence over poetry

Question 27

Mid- (1670-1715) Baroque Sonata composers

Answer 27

Italian/Vitali Legrenzi Corelli Germany/Buxtehude Fux France/ Couperin

Question 28

Early 18th century composers

Answer 28

Pergolesi (1710-1736) Rameau (1683-1764) Vivaldi (1676-1741)

Question 29

A. Vivaldi (1676-1741)

Answer 29

known for orchestral music / founder of Classic symphony (23 sinfonias) concertos Concerto form fast- slow- fast

Question 30

Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683-1764)

Answer 30

theorist and composer/ Traite’ de l’harmonie 1722/ War of the Buffonists-quarrel between French opera supporters and Italian opera supporters (Rousseau)

Question 31

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) periods

Answer 31

Arnstadt (1703-07) Muehlhausen (1707-08) Weimar (1708-17) mostly organ pieces/ Coethen (1717-23) not church music harpsichord clavichord inst. Ensembles/ Leipzig (1723-1750)

Question 32

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Instrumental Music

Answer 32

elements of Italian concerto present in tocattas and fugues/Harpsichord and clavichord music include every genre Well-Tempered Clavier (1722. 1740)

Question 33

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Cantata

Answer 33

Church cantatas-inf. By Neumeister recits and arias/Chorale cantata based on chorale melody/Secular cantatas self-termed “dramma per musica”

Question 34

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Motets

Answer 34

chorus generally in contrapuntal style based on biblical text Magnificat 1723 more Italian in style

Question 35

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Passions

Answer 35

St. John and St. Matthew North German tradition setting in oratorio style/ St. Matthew uses chorale-concertato medium-recitative-arioso-da capo to develop a central religious theme/strong characteristics of late-Baroque opera

Question 36

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Masses

Answer 36

Mass in B-minor (1747-49) compiled mostly from previous works

Question 37

George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) Life

Answer 37

1st opera at 19 Hamburg (1705)/lived in Italy 1706-1710/ finished career in London/ became British subject in 1726

Question 38

George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) Music

Answer 38

Suite and Sonatas-dance movements/Concertos-significant works for full orchestra (oboe concerto and 12 grand concertos)

Question 39

George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) Opera and Oratorio

Answer 39

Italian opera for more than 35 years/ Italian oratorio basically an opera on a sacred subject/ brought foreign elements to oratorio- English mask-choral anthem etc.