Terms and Definitions Flashcards
What are the four factors that affect aircraft performance?
1) Aircraft mass/weight
2) Runway enviroment
3) Atmospheric conditions
4) Forces acting on the aircraft
Does a heavier aircraft have less climb performance than a lighter one?
Yes
What are the four forces that act on the aircraft?
- Lift
- Weight
- Thrust
- Drag
What is the lift equation?
Lift = Cl0.5rhoV^2S
What is the aspect ratio?
Span^2/wing area
Where does an aircraft’s weight act through?
CoG
What are the two forms of aircraft drag?
1) Lift-dependent drag
2) Zero-lift drag
What factors affect the runway enviroment?
1) Runway Contamination
2) Runways at higher density altitudes will also affect aircraft performance negatively.
What does reduced air density do to power thrust and lift?
Reduce them
At a high DA, is TAS need to be higher for a constant IAS?
Yes
What is Vr?
Rotate speed during take-off
What is V50?
Speed at a height of 50 ft during TO/landing
What is Vx?
Indicated air speed for the best angle of climb
What is Vy?
Indicated air speed for the best rate of climb
What is Vtd?
Touchdown speed during landing
What is SAR ?
Specific air range which is air nm flown per lb of fuel consumed.
What are LRC and MRC?
Long range cruise and Max Range Cruise
What is LRC defined as?
The speed at which the SAR is 99% of that achieved at Max Range Cruise
How much slower is MRC speeds than LRC speed?
Typically around 10% slower than LRC
How much more fuel is consumed flying LRC than MRC?
About 1% more
What is SGR?
SAR adjusted for wind known as specific ground range or SGR.
What is the definition of Endurance?
- A technique of flying that level flight is maintained but at a fuel consumption is at a minimum
- Max time in the air.
What speed should be flown in a jet to maximize endurance?
Min Drag Speed (Vimd)
What speed should be flown by a propeller aircraft to maximize endurance?
Min Power Speed (Vimp)
What is TORA?
- Take off run available
- The length of RWY declared available and suitable for the ground run of an ACFT taking off
What is TODA?
- Take- Off Distance Available
- The length of TORA plus the length of any clearway available
What is ASDA?
- Accelerate Stop Distance Available
- The length of TORA, plus the length of the stopway
What is LDA?
- Landing Distance Available
- The length of RWY declared available and suitable for the ground run of an ACFT landing
What is Take-Off Distance Required (TODR)?
The horizontal distance required:
- To accelerate from a standing start with all engines operating
- To achieve a safety speed at a height of 50 ft above the take-off surface
- Multiplied by a factor dependent on aircraft design criteria and regulations
