Terms Flashcards
Understanding abbreviations/terms
What does “TCP/IP” stand for?
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
What does “OSI” stand for?
Open System Interconnection
What does “LAN” stand for?
Local Area Network (or Wi-Fi)
What does “DSL” stand for?
Digital Subscriber Line
What does “UDP” stand for?
User Datagram Protocol
What does “IP” stand for?
Internet Protocol
What is the definition of “IP/Internet Protocol”?
Routable protocol responsible for IP addressing, routing, fragmentation and reassembly of packets.
What does “ARP” stand for?
Address Resolution Protocol
What is the definition of “ARP/Address Resolution Protocol”
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol that connects an ever-changing Internet Protocol (IP) address to a fixed physical machine address, also known as a media access control (MAC) address, in a local-area network (LAN).
Responsible for the resolution of the internet layer address to the network interface layer address such as a hardware address.
What does “ICMP” stand for?
Internet Control Message Protocol
What is the definition of “ICMP/Internet Control Message Protocol”?
Responsible for providing diagnostic functions and reporting errors due to the unsuccessful delivery of IP packets.
What does “IGMP” stand for?
Internet Group Management Protocol
What is the definition of “IGMP/Internet Group Management Protocol”?
Responsible for management of IP multicast groups.
What is the definition of “IP Host”?
The term IP host refers to any device, regardless of size or power, that has an IP address and connects to any TCP/IP Network.
What does “DDN” stand for?
Dotted-Decimal Notation
What is an example of “DDN/Dotted-Decimal Notation”
1.1.1.1 or 192.168.1.36
What does “ISP” stand for?
Internet Service Provider
What is the definition of “Adjacent-Layer Interaction”?
On a single device (Computer), one layer provides a service to a higher layer. The software or hardware that implements the higher layer requests that the next lower layer performs the needed function.
On the same device.
What is the definition of “Same-Layer Interaction”?
A protocol (an agreed set of rules) is used to communicate with the same layer on two (or more) devices (computers). The protocol defined by each layer uses a header that is transmitted between the devices to communicate what each device wants to do. Header information added by a layer of the sending computer is processed by the same layer of the receiving computer.
On different devices.
What is the definition of “IP Packet/IP Routing”?
The process of forwarding an IP packet.
What is the definition of “Computer Network”?
A computer network is a digital telecommunications network which allows nodes to share resources.
Describe a “Router”.
Routers have fewer network interfaces than switches.
Routers are used to provide connectivity between LANs (Local Area Networks).
Routers are therefore used to send data over the internet.
Describe a “Switch”.
Switches are used to forward traffic in a LAN (Local Area Network).
Switches have many network interfaces/ports for end hosts to connect to (usually 24+).
Switches provide connectivity to hosts with the same LAN (Local Area Network).
Switches do not provide connectivity between LANs/Over the internet.
Describe a “Firewall”.
Firewalls monitor and control network traffic based on configured rules.
Firewalls can be placed “Inside” the network or “Outside” the network.
Firewalls are also known as “Next-Generation (Gen) Firewalls” when they include more modern and advanced filtering capabilities.
Describe a “Network Firewall”.
Network Firewalls are hardware devices that filter traffic between networks.
Describe a “Host-Based Firewall”.
Host-Based Firewalls are software applications that filter traffic entering an exiting a host machine, like a PC.
Describe a “Server”.
A server is a device that provides functions or services for clients.
Server and Clients are referred to as “End Hosts” or “Endpoints”.
Describe a “Client”.
A client is a device that accesses a service made available by a server.
Server and Clients are referred to as “End Hosts” or “Endpoints”.
What is the definition of a “Bit”?
What does “UTP” stand for?
Unshielded = Wires have no metallic shield which can make them vulnerable to electrical interference.
Twisted = 4pairs of cables, twisted together. Twist helps protect against EMI (Electromagnetic Interference)
Pair
