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CISCO CCNA (2024) > Interfaces and Cables > Flashcards

Interfaces and Cables Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of a “Bit”?

A

Bits are represented by either a 0 or 1 in Binary. When communicating across a copper network cable, a variation in the electrical signal is interpreted by the receiving devices as a 0 or a 1.

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2
Q

What is the definition of a “Byte”?

A

1 Byte = 8 Bits. Speed is measured in Bits per second (e.g. Kbps, Mbps, Gpbs, etc.)

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3
Q

How many Bits are in 1 Kilobit (Kb)?

A

1,000 bits (1 set of 3 0’s)

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4
Q

How many Bits are in 1 Megabit (Mb)?

A

1,000,000 bits (2 sets of 3 0’s)

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5
Q

How many Bits are in 1 Gigabit (Gb)?

A

1,000,000,000 bits (3 sets of 3 0’s)

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6
Q

How many Bits are in 1 Terabit (Tb)?

A

1,000,000,000,000 bits (4 sets of 3 0’s)

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7
Q

What is the Common Name, IEEE Standard, Informal Name and Maximum Length of 10 Mbps?

A

Speed = 10 Mbps
Common Name = Ethernet
IEEE Standard = 802.3i
Informal Name = 10BASE-T
Maximum Length = 100 m (metres)

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8
Q

What is the Common Name, IEEE Standard, Informal Name and Maximum Length of 100 Mbps?

A

Speed = 100 Mbps
Common Name = Fast Ethernet
IEEE Standard = 802.3u
Informal Name = 100BASE-T
Maximum Length = 100 m (metres)

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9
Q

What is the Common Name, IEEE Standard, Informal Name and Maximum Length of 1 Gbps?

A

Speed = 1 Gbps
Common Name = Gigabit Ethernet
IEEE Standard = 802.3ab
Informal Name = 1000BASE-T
Maximum Length = 100 m (metres)

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10
Q

What is the Common Name, IEEE Standard, Informal Name and Maximum Length of 10 Gbps?

A

Speed = 10 Gbps
Common Name = 10 Gig Ethernet
IEEE Standard = 802.3an
Informal Name = 10GBASE-T
Maximum Length = 100 m (metres)

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11
Q

What does “BASE” mean in 10BASE-T, 100BASE-T, 1000BASE-T and 10GBASE-T?

A

Base = Baseband Signalling

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12
Q

What does “T” mean in 10BASE-T, 100BASE-T, 1000BASE-T and 10GBASE-T?

A

T = Twisted Pair Cabling

Twisted Pair Cables have a maximum length of 100 metres.

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13
Q

What is the definition of “Full-Duplex”?

A

On the left-hand side, you have a Client (PC).
On the right-hand side, you have a Switch.
Both sides have 8 pins.

The PC transmits on Pins 1 & 2 and the Switch receives on Pins 1 & 2. 1 goes to 1, 2 goes to 2.

The Switches then transmits data on 3 & 6 and the PC receives on Pins 3 & 6).

Routers work the same way.

This type of cabling is called a “Straight-Through Cable”.

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14
Q

What Pins does a PC transmit data to a Switch on?

A

1 & 2

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15
Q

What Pins does a Switch transmit data to a PC on?

A

3 & 6

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16
Q

What Pins does a Switch receive data from a PC on?

A

1 & 2

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17
Q

What Pins does a PC receive data from a Switch on?

A

3 & 6

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18
Q

What is the definition of “Crossover Cable”?

A

On the left-hand side, you have a Switch.
On the right-hand side, you have a Switch.
Both sides have 8 pins.

The left-hand switch transmits on Pins 1 & 2 and the right-hand switch receives on Pins 3 & 6. 1 goes to 3, 2 goes to 6.

The right-hand switch transmits on Pins 3 & 6 and the left-hand switch receives on Pins 1 & 2. 3 goes to 1, 6 goes to 2.

19
Q

What Pins does a Router transmit on?

A

1 and 2

20
Q

What Pins does a Router receive on?

A

3 and 6

21
Q

What Pins does a Firewall transmit on?

A

1 and 2

22
Q

What Pins does a Firewall receive on?

A

3 and 6

23
Q

What Pins does a PC transmit on?

A

1 and 2

24
Q

What Pins does a PC receive on?

A

3 and 6

25
Q

What Pins does a Switch transmit on?

A

3 and 6

26
Q

What Pins does a Switch receive on?

A

1 and 2

27
Q

What is the definition of “Auto MDI-X”?

A

Auto MDI-X allows devices to automatically detect which pins their neighbor is transmitting data on and then adjust which pins they use to transmit and receive data.

28
Q

How many Wires does 10BASE-T & 100BASE-T have?

A

4 Wires.
10BASE-T & 100BASE-T = 2 Pairs (4 Wires)

29
Q

How many Wires does 1000BASE-T & 10GBASE-T have?

A

8 Wires.
1000BASE-T & 10GBBASE-T = 4 Pairs (8 Wires)

30
Q

What device is needed for using a Fibre-Optic Cable?

A

SFP Transceiver (Small Form-Factor Pluggable)

31
Q

What are the characteristics of “Multi-Mode” (4 points)?

A

Core diameter is wider than single-mode fiber.

Allows multiple angles (modes) of light waves to enter the fiberglass core.

Allows longer cables than UTP, but shorter cables than single-model fiber.

Cheaper than single-mode fiber (due to cheaper LED-based SFP transmitters)

32
Q

What are the characteristics of “Single-Mode” (4 points)?

A

Core diameter is narrower than multi-mode fiber.

Light enters at a single angle (mode) from a laser-based transmitter.

Allows longer cables than both UTP, and multi-mode fiber.

More expensive than multi-mode fiber (due to more expensive lase-based SFP transmitters)

33
Q

What is the IEEE Standard, Speed, Cable Type and Maximum Length of 1000BASE-LX?

A

Informal Name = 1000BASE-LX
IEEE Standard = 802.3z
Speed = 1 Gbps
Cable Type = Multimode or Single-Mode
Maximum Length = 550 m (MM) / 5 km (SM)

34
Q

What is the IEEE Standard, Speed, Cable Type and Maximum Length of 10GBASE-SR?

A

Informal Name = 10GBASE-SR
IEEE Standard = 802.3ae
Speed = 10 Gbps
Cable Type = Multi-Mode
Maximum Length = 400 m

35
Q

What is the IEEE Standard, Speed, Cable Type and Maximum Length of 10GBASE-LR?

A

Informal Name = 10GBASE-LR
IEEE Standard = 802.3ae
Speed = 10 Gbps
Cable Type = Single-Mode
Maximum Length = 10 km

36
Q

What is the IEEE Standard, Speed, Cable Type and Maximum Length of 10GBASE-ER?

A

Informal Name = 10GBASE-ER
IEEE Standard = 802.3ae
Speed = 10 Gbps
Cable Type = Single-Mode
Maximum Length = 30 km

37
Q

What are the characteristics of UTP (5 Points)?

A

Lower cost than fiber-optic.

Shorter maximum distance than fiber-optic (100 m)

Can be vulnerable to EMI (Electromagnetic Interference)

RJ-45 ports used with UTP are cheaper than SFP ports.

Emit (leak) a faint signal outside of the cable, which can be copied (= Security Risk).

38
Q

What are the characteristics of Fiber-Optic (5 Points)?

A

Higher cost than UTP.

Longer maximum distance than UTP.

No vulnerability to EMI.

SFP ports are more expensive than RJ45 ports (single-mode is more expensive than multi-mode).

Does not emit (leak) any single outside of the cable (= No Security Risk).

39
Q

You connect two old routers together with a UTP cable, however data is not successfully sent and received between them. What could be the problem?

A

They are connected with a straight-through cable. – On old devices without Auto MDI-X, a straight-through cable cannot be used to connect devices of the same type. A crossover cable is necessary.

40
Q

Your company wants to connect switches in two separate buildings that are about 150 meters apart. They want to keep costs down if possible. What kind of cable should they use?

A

Multi-Mode Fiber – Supports distances over 150 meters, is less expensive than single-mode fiber.

41
Q

Your company wants to connect two offices that are able 3 kilometres apart. They want to keep costs down if possible. Which kind of cable should they use?

A

Single-Mode Fibre – Supports cable lengths much longer than 3 kilometres.

42
Q

A switch has the following indication over its network interfaces:

10/100/1000BASE-T Ports (1 - 24) - Ports are Auto-MDIX

What would happen if you connect it to an identical switch with a straight-through cable?

A

They would operate normally

43
Q

Your company needs to connect many end hosts to a switch which is in a wiring cabinet on the same office floor as the hosts. What kind of cable should they use?

A

UTP

44
Q
A

CISCO CCNA (2024) (5 decks)

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