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CISCO CCNA (2024) > Introduction to TCP/IP Networking > Flashcards

Introduction to TCP/IP Networking Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following protocols are examples of TCP/IP transport layer protocols? (Choose two answers).

Ethernet
HTTP
IP
UDP
SMTP
TCP

A

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
TCP (Transmissioni Control Protocol)

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2
Q

Which of the following protocols are examples of TCP/IP data link layer protocols? (Choose two answers).

Ethernet
HTTP
IP
UDP
SMTP
TCP
PPP

A

Ethernet
PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol)

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3
Q

The process of HTTP asking TCP to send some data and making sure that it is received correctly is an example of what?

A

Adjacent-Layer Interaction

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4
Q

The process of TCP on one computer marking a TCP segment as segment 1, and the receiving computer then acknowledging the receipt of TCP segment 1 is an example of what?

A

Same-Layer Interaction

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5
Q

The process of a web server adding a TCP header to the contents of a web page, followed by adding an IP header and then adding a data link header and trailer is an example of what?

A

Data Encapsulation

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6
Q

Which of the following terms is used specifically to identify the entity created when encapsulating data inside the data link layer headers and trailers?

Data
Chunk
Segment
Frame
Packet

A

Frame

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7
Q

Which OSI layer defines the functions of logical network-wide addressing and routing?

A

Layer 3 - Network Layer (OSI Model)

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8
Q

Which OSI layer defines the standards for cabling and connectors?

A

Layer 1 - Physical

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9
Q

Which of the following terms are not valid terms for the names of the seven OSI layers? (Choose two answers).

Application
Data Link
Transmission
Presentation
Internet
Session

A

Internet
Transmission

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10
Q

What are the four layers the TCP/IP network model breaks down into?

A

Application Layer
Transport Layer
Internet Layer
Network Access Layer

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11
Q

In the TCP/IP Model, describe what the “Application Layer” does?

A

The Application Layer of the TCP/IP model is where computer programs capable of network communication reside.

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12
Q

Describe the HTTP Protocol used in the Application Layer (3 points).

A

Application layer does not define the application itself, but it defines the services that applications need.
Application protocol HTTP defines how web browsers can retrieve the contents of a web page from a web server.
The application layer provides an interface between software running a computer and the network itself.

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13
Q

Which layer is responsible for transmitting data between two endpoints?

A

Transport Layer.

The Transport Layer is responsible for transmitting data between two endpoints utilizing a virtual multiplexed connection with virtual port numbers indicating the communication endpoints.

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14
Q

Describe the “UDP” Protocol (4 points).

A

UDP = User Datagram Protocol
UDP is categorized as an unreliable protocol.
UDP does not perform any connection setup or teardown and does not verify that the data arrived in one piece.
UDP relies on the Application to manage re-transmission of lost data.

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15
Q

Describe the “TCP” Protocol (4 points).

A

TCP = Transmission Control Protocol
TCP is categorized as a reliable protocol for transmitting data.
TCP not only sets up the connection, it negotiates the communication parameters but also verifies that the data arrived at the destination intact.
The destination machine can use TCP to request re-transmission of lost or damaged frames.

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16
Q

What are the Error Recovery Basics of TCP (3 points)?

A

TCP/IP needs a mechanism to guarantee delivery of data across a network.
Many application layer protocols want a way to guarantee delivery of data across a network, the creators of TCP included an error-recovery feature.
To recover from errors, TCP uses the concepts of acknowledgements.

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17
Q

Describe the Network Layer in the TCP/IP Model (3 points)?

A

Network Layer, also known as Internet Layer or IP Layer, accepts the delivery of packets for the network.
Internet Layer is above the Link Layer (or the Network Access Layer) and below the Transport Layer.
Internet Layer is the layer at which logical addressing, packetization of data and routing are handled.
Internet Layer is comparable to the Network Layer of the OSI model.

18
Q

What are the core protocols of the Network Layer in the TCP/IP Model (4 points)?

A

IP – The Internet Protocol (IP) is a routable protocol responsible for IP addressing, routing and the fragmentation and reassembly of packets.

ARP – The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is responsible for the resolution of the internet layer address of the Network Interface Layer address such as a hardware address.

ICMP – The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is responsible for providing diagnostic functions and reporting errors due to the unsuccessful delivery of IP packets.

IGMP – The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is responsible for the management of IP multicast groups.

19
Q

What are the 7 layers of the OSI Model (7 to 1)?

A

7 = Application
6 = Presentation
5 = Session
4 = Transport
3 = Network
2 = Data Link
1 = Physical

20
Q

What are the 7 layers of the OSI Model (1 to 7)?

A

1 = Physical
2 = Data Link
3 = Network
4 = Transport
5 = Session
6 = Presentation
7 = Application

21
Q

In the OSI Layer, what is Layer 1 known as?

A

1 = Physical

22
Q

In the OSI Layer, what is Layer 2 known as?

A

2 = Data Link

23
Q

In the OSI Layer, what is Layer 3 known as?

A

3 = Network

24
Q

In the OSI Layer, what is Layer 4 known as?

A

4 = Transport

25
Q

In the OSI Layer, what is Layer 6 known as?

A

6 = Presentation

25
Q

In the OSI Layer, what is Layer 5 known as?

A

5 = Session

26
Q

In the OSI Layer, what is Layer 7 known as?

A

7 = Application

27
Q

What is IP protocol responsible for (4 points)?

A

IP Addressing – IP addressing conventions are part of the IP protocol. There are two types of IP addressing: IPv4 and IPv6.

Host-to-Host Communications – IP determines the path a packet must take, based on the receiving systems IP address.

Packet Formatting – IP assembles packets into units that are known as datagrams.

Fragmentation – If a packet is too large for transmission over the network media, IP on the sending system breaks the packet into smaller fragments. IP on the receiving system then reconstructs the fragments into the original packet.

28
Q

What are the basics of IP Protocol Addressing (3 points)?

A

Each device/host that uses TCP/IP needs a unique address so that it can be identified in the network.
IP also defines how to group address together.
The term “IP host” refers to any device, regardless of size or power, that has an IP address and connects to any TCP/IP network.

29
Q

What are the basics of IP Routing (3 points)

A

Internet layer handles routing which is the transfer of packets from one local network to an adjacent local network, based on a list of destinations and network interfaces contained in memory of a device configured to perform internet layer routing.
TCP/IP network layer, using the IP protocol provides a service of forwarding IP packets from one device to another.
Any device with an IP address can connect to the TCP/IP network and send packets.

30
Q

Describe the Link Layer in the TCP/IP Model (3 points)?

A

TCP/IP model’s original link layer defines the protocols and hardware required to deliver data across some physical networks.

The term “Link” refers to physical connections, or links, between two devices and the protocols used to control those links.

When a host’s or router’s IP process chooses to send an IP packet to another router or host, that host or router then uses link-layer details to send that packet to the next host/router.

31
Q

What are the 5 steps of Data Encapsulation?

A
  1. Create and encapsulate the application data with any required application layer headers. For example, the HTTP OK message can be returned in an HTTP header, followed by part of the contents of a web page.
  2. Encapsulate the data supplied by the application layer inside a transport layer header. For end-user applications, a TCP or UDP header is typically used.
  3. Encapsulate the data supplied by the transport layer inside a network layer (IP) header. IP defines the IP address that uniquely identify each computer.
  4. Encapsulate the data supplied by the network layer inside a data link layer header and trailer. This layer uses both a header and a trailer.
  5. Transmit the bits. The physical layer encodes a signal onto the medium to transmit the frame.
32
Q

What does “LH” stand for?

A

Link Header

33
Q

What does “LT” stand for?

A

Link Trailer

34
Q

In the LAN for a small office, some user devices connect to the LAN using a cable, while others connect using wireless technology (and no cable). Which of the following is true regarding the use of Ethernet in this LAN?

  1. Only the devices that use cables are using Ethernet.
  2. Only the devices that use wireless are using Ethernet.
  3. Both the devices using cables and those using wireless are using Ethernet.
  4. None of the devices are using Ethernet.
A

Only the devices that use cables are using Ethernet.

35
Q

Which of the following Ethernet standards defines Gigabit Ethernet over UTP cabling?

  1. 10GBASE-T
  2. 100BASE-T
  3. 1000BASE-T
  4. None of the other answers is correct.
A

1000BASE-T

36
Q

Which of the following is true about Ethernet crossover cables for Fast Ethernet?

  1. Pins 1 and 2 are reversed on the other end of the cables.
  2. Pins 1 and 2 on one end of the cable connect to pins 3 and 6 on the other end of the cable.
  3. Pins 1 and 2 on one end of the cable connect to pins 3 and 4 on the other end of the cable.
  4. The cable can be up to 1000 meters long to cross over between buildings.
  5. None of the other answers is correct
A

Pins 1 and 2 on one end of the cable connects to pins 3 and 6 on the other end of the cable.

37
Q

Each answer lists two types of devices used in a 100BASE-T network. If these devices were connected with UTP Ethernet Cables, which pairs of devices would require a straight-through cable? (Choose three answers).

  1. PC and Router
  2. PC and Switch
  3. Hub and Switch
  4. Router and Hub
  5. Wireless Access Point (Ethernet Port) and Switch
A

PC and Switch
Router and Hub
Wireless Access Point (Ethernet Port) and Switch

38
Q

Which of the following is true about the CSMA/CD algorithm?

  1. The algorithm never allows collisions to occur.
  2. Collisions can happen, but the algorithm defines how the computers should notice a collision and how to recover.
  3. The algorithm works with only two devices on the same Ethernet.
  4. None of the above answers is correct.
A

Collisions can happen, but the algorithm defines how the computers should notice a collision and how to recover.

39
Q

Which of the following is true about the Ethernet FCS field?

  1. Ethernet uses FCS for error recovery.
  2. It is 2 bytes long
  3. It resides in the Ethernet trailer, not the Ethernet header
  4. It is used for encryption
A

It resides in the Ethernet trailer, not the Ethernet header

40
Q

Which of the following are true about the format of Ethernet addresses? (Choose three answers.)

  1. Each manufacturer puts a unique OUI code into the first 2 bytes of the address.
  2. Each manufacturer puts a unique OUI code into the first 3 bytes of the address.
  3. Each manufacturer puts a unique OUI code into the first half of the address.
  4. The part of the address that holds this manufacturers code is called the MAC.
  5. The part of the address that holds this manufacturers code is called the OUI.
  6. The part of the address that holds this manufacturers code has no specific name.
A

Each manufacturer puts a unique OUI code into the first 3 bytes of the address.
Each manufacturer puts a unique OUI code into the first half of the address.
The part of the address that holds this manufacturers code is called the OUI.

41
Q

Which of the following terms describe Ethernet addresses that can be used to send one frame that is delivered to multiple devices on the LAN? (Choose two answers.)

  1. Burned-in Address
  2. Unicast address
  3. Broadcast address
  4. Multicast address
A

Broadcast address
Multicast address

CISCO CCNA (2024) (5 decks)

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