Terms

Question 1

A series of interconnected of interfaced cracks caused by fatigue failure of the asphalt concrete surface under repeated traffic loading.

Answer 1

Alligator Cracking

Question 2

The height between the trough and the crest of a wave.

Answer 2

Amplitude

Question 3

A layer consisting of properly designed mix od coarse aggregate fine aggregate, a filler and a bituminous binder.

Answer 3

Asphatic Concrete

Question 4

The average of the spot speeds of all vehicles passing a given point in the highway.

Answer 4

Average Speed

Question 5

Highway appurtenances designed to prevent vehicular penetration from the travel way to areas behind the barrier such as to minimize damage to impacting vehicles and their occupants and to reduce the risk of injuries to pedestrians and workers.

Answer 5

Barriers

Question 6

The component of the road structure which receives the traffic load and transfer it to the subgrade.

Answer 6

Base

Question 7

This normally consists of aggregates such as gravel and crushed rock.

Answer 7

Base courses

Question 8

The max number of passenger cars that can pads a given point on a lane or roadway during one hour under the most nearly ideal roadway and traffic conditions which can possibly be attained.

Answer 8

Basic capacity

Question 9

Process of proportioning cement, water, aggregates and additives prior to mixing concrete.

Answer 9

Batching

Question 10

The physical configuration of the seabed, the measurements of depths of water in the ocean, etc. and also information derived from such measurement.

Answer 10

Bathymetry

Question 11

The physical configuration of the seabed, the measurements of depths of water in the ocean, etc. and also information derived from such measurement.

Answer 11

Bathymetry

Question 12

The physical configuration of the seabed, the measurements of depths of water in the ocean, etc. and also information derived from such measurement.

Answer 12

Bathymetry

Question 13

The physical configuration of the seabed, the measurements of depths of water in the ocean, etc. and also information derived from such measurement.

Answer 13

Bathymetry

Question 14

The physical configuration of the seabed, the measurements of depths of water in the ocean, etc. and also information derived from such measurement.

Answer 14

Bathymetry

Question 15

An instrument use to measure intensity of wind

Answer 15

Beuforts Scale

Question 16

An instrument use to measure intensity of wind

Answer 16

Beuforts Scale

Question 17

The mooring fitting for mooring ships during a storm installed close to the water line of the berth.

Answer 17

Bitt

Question 18

A 20 mm thick premix bitumen layer over which is laid a seal coat.

Answer 18

Bitumen carpet

Question 19

The exuding of bitumen onto the pavement surface causing a reduction in skid resistance.

Answer 19

Bleeding / Flushing

Question 20

Cracks forming large interconnected polygons, usually with sharp corners or angles. These cracks are generally caused by hardening and shrinkage of the asphalt and/or reflection cracking from underlying layers such as cement treated base.

Answer 20

Block Cracking

Question 21

Localized upward buckling and shattering of the slabs at traverse joins or cracks

Answer 21

Blowups

Question 22

The structure that protects harbor from stormy waves and permits calm in the harbor.

Answer 22

Breakwater

Question 23

Distance traveled by the vehicle after the application of the brakes until it will stop.

Answer 23

Braking Distance

Question 24

Waves which fall forward since the forward velocity of the crest particles exceeds the velocity of propagation of the wave itself. In deep water, this normally occurs when the wave length L is less than 7 times the wave height H (L < 7H) and in shallow water when the depth d is approximately equal to 1.25 H

Answer 24

Breaking Waves

Question 25

Type of dolphins which are designed to take the impact of the ship when docking and to hold the ship against a broadside wind. Therefore, they are provided with fenders to absorbed the impact of the ship and to protect the dolphin and the ship from damage.

Answer 25

Breasting dolphins

Question 26

• a vertical post to which the eye of a morring line can be attached
• the mooring fitting for mooring ships during a storm installed at the outside or outside/inside of the berth far from the waterline

Answer 26

Bollard

Question 27

These consist of two curves in the same direction separated by a short tangent.

Answer 27

Broken Back Curve

Question 28

A structure for retaining or to prevent earth or fill from sliding into water.

Answer 28

Bulkhead

Question 29

The maximum sustained 15 min rate of flow, expressed in passenger cars per hour per lane, which can be accommodated by a uniform freeway segment under prevailing traffic and roadway conditions in one direction.

Answer 29

Capacity

Question 30

The points at which the cut or fill slopes intersect the existing ground.

Answer 30

Catch Point

Question 31

Markings that are often used to guide traffic into the right turning lanes separated by an island, such as corner island at a signalized intersection.

Answer 31

Chevron Markings

Question 32

These are usually laid out in the field by occupying the tangent to curve point TC with a transit and then establishing successive points by turning deflection angles and measuring chords

Answer 32

Circular Curves

Question 33

The pressure against a vertical wall due to waves.

Answer 33

Clapotis

Question 34

This term refers to any material consisting of a mixture of aggregates, such as sand, gravel, or crushed stone, fastened together by cement.

Answer 34

Concrete

Question 35

These result when two curves of differing radius join one another.

Answer 35

Compound Curve

Question 36

Joints provided in concrete cement pavement is suspended

Answer 36

Construction joint

Question 37

A type of rigid pavement, which has no transverse joints, except construction joints or expansion joints when they are necessary at specific positions such as at bridges. This type of pavement is typically used on high-volume, high-speed roadways

Answer 37

Continously reinforced concrete pavements

Question 38

This is the cost of any material that has to be obtained off job site in order to make a fill.

Answer 38

Cost of borrow

Question 39

This traffic conflict occurs when they cross paths directly

Answer 39

Crossing conflicts

Question 40

These are normally specified in m/m or in percentages. In railway practice, cross slopes may be expressed in millimeters that the high rail is above the low rail, since there is a standard horizontal distance maintained between rails

Answer 40

Cross slope

Question 41

The process of providing the required water and maintaining a favorable temperature for a period of time after placing concrete

Answer 41

Curing

Question 42

The existing ground is above the construction section

Answer 42

Cut / Excavation

Question 43

Primary consideration in the design of geometric cross sections for highways, runways, and taxi ways.

Answer 43

Drainage

Question 44

Waves in which the ratio of water depth to the wavelength is greater than 0.5

Answer 44

Deep water waves

Question 45

Difference between the actual travel time and a given segment of a transportation system and some ideal travel time for that segment

Answer 45

Delay

Question 46

Light retro reflecting devices mounted at the side of the roadway in series to indicate the roadway alignment

Answer 46

Delineator

Question 47

It is defined as the number of vehicles per unit distance occupying a thsection of roadway at a given instant time and is usually measured in vehicles per mile or per km.

Answer 47

Density

Question 48

Defines as the maximum safe speed that can be maintained over a specified section of highway when conditions are so favorable that the design features of highway govern.

Answer 48

Design Speed

Question 49

Markings which are placed on sealed shoulders or other sealed portion of the road where traffic is not desired.

Answer 49

Diagonal markings

Question 50

The spread of energy along a wave crest.

Answer 50

Diffraction

Question 51

Defined as the fraction of time that vehicles are present at a point in space.

Answer 51

Distance gaps

Question 52

The reciprocal of density which is usually measure in vehicles per mile or per kilometer.

Answer 52

Distance separation

Question 53

Tide which occurs only one high tide a day.

Answer 53

Diurnal tides

Question 54

The process by which a vehicle in a traffic stream leaves that traffic stream, such as a vehicle leaving the outside lane if an expressway.

Answer 54

Diverging

Question 55

The process by which a vehicle in a traffic stream leaves that traffic stream, such as a vehicle leaving the outside lane if an expressway.

Answer 55

Diverging

Question 56

This traffic conflict occurs when vehicles leave the traffic stream.

Answer 56

Diverging conflicts

Question 57

The primary consideration in the design of geometric cross sections for highways, runaways, and taxiways.

Answer 57

Drainage

Question 58

Progressive disintegration of the surface between the heel paths caused by dripping of gasoline or oil from vehicles.

Answer 58

Drip track raveling

Question 59

An artificial basin for vessels when the basin is pumped out.

Answer 59

Dry dock

Question 60

The time that a wind blows across the water.

Answer 60

Duration

Question 61

These quantities are normally expressed as volumes, in metric units, they are given in cubic meters.

Answer 61

Earthwork

Question 62

These are in meters above some datum; usually this datum is mean sea level, but it may be any arbitrary scale.

Answer 62

Elevation

Question 63

The time linked with the two stages perception and intellection based on a particular traffic situation like fear or anger which has a vital influence on the final message or decision sent by the brain to the muscle.

Answer 63

Emotion

Question 64

These include cost estimates for various parts of the project and are used to evaluate the acceptability of bids and the financial feasibility of the project.

Answer 64

Estimates

Question 65

Divided arterial highway for through traffic with full or partial control of access and generally with grade separations at major intersection.

Answer 65

Expressway

Question 66

Primarily involved in planning designing, constructing, maintaining, and operating fixed facilities.

Answer 66

Facility-oriented organization

Question 67

An open water with navigable depth.

Answer 67

Fairway

Question 68

Elevation difference between adjacent slabs at traverse joints. This is usually the result of pumping and is a major source of Portland concrete pavement

Answer 68

Faulting

Question 69

The distance that the wind blows over the sea in generating the waves is known as:

Answer 69

Fetch

Question 70

The existing ground is above the construction section.

Answer 70

Fill or embankment

Question 71

A marine structure consisting of dolphins for tying up the ship and a platform for supporting the cargo handling equipment.

Answer 71

Fixed mooring berth

Question 72

Warning devices use to supplement either controls and devices necessary to alert motorist of construction and maintenance activities of obstruction in roadway

Answer 72

Flashing lamps

Question 73

A pavement that has negligible flexural strength.

Answer 73

Flexible

Question 74

Defines as the number of vehicles per unit time passing a point in space and is usually expressed in vehicles per hour.

Answer 74

Flow

Question 75

The cost of excavation normally includes the cost of removing the material from its existing state, hauling it up to some specified distance.

Answer 75

Free haul distance

Question 76

The headway in a major stream, which is evaluated by a vehicle driver in a minor stream who wishes to merge into the major stream.

Answer 76

Gap

Question 77

The headway in a major stream, which is evaluated by a vehicle driver in a minor stream who wishes to merge into the major stream.

Answer 77

Gap

Question 78

This view has elevation as its vertical axis and horizontal distance, measured perpendicular to the centerline, as its horizontal axis.

Answer 78

Geometric Cross Section

Question 79

This view has elevation as its vertical axis and horizontal distance, measured perpendicular to the centerline, as its horizontal axis.

Answer 79

Geometric Cross Section

Question 80

These are sometimes used in constructing pavements. These are used to add strength, control moisture, and prevent the movement of fine materials into drainage layers.

Answer 80

Geotextiles

Question 81

Expressed as decima fractions or as percentages.

Answer 81

Grade

Question 82

These traffic solutions eliminate the crossing conflicts by placing the conflicting traffic streams at different elevations at their point of intersection.

Answer 82

Grade separation

Question 83

Waves are formed by the frictional drag of wind across the water surface. This is a process of transferring energy from wind to water. Water particles are moved from their position by the wind, and then returned to the original position by gravity, which is a restoring force.

Answer 83

Gravity waves

Question 84

A shore protection structure usually built perpendicular to the coastline to retard littoral transport of sedimentary materials.

Answer 84

Groin

Question 85

Inform and advice road users of directions, distance, routes, the location of services and points of interests.

Answer 85

Guide sign

Question 86

The product of a volume of materials times the average distance it is hauled.

Answer 86

Haul

Question 87

The reciprocal of flow is the average time separation in the traffic stream and is usually measured in seconds.

Answer 87

Headway

Question 88

A maximum wave height and wave period of the maximum wave height in a wave train.

Answer 88

Highest wave

Question 89

This type of control on the object on the job site is commonly identified as primary, secondary and working.

Answer 89

Horizontal Control

Question 90

These are described in terms of their lengths and their directions.

Answer 90

Horizontal tangents

Question 91

Waves in which the ratio of water depth to the wavelength is less than 0.5 but greater than 0.40.

Answer 91

Immediate water waves

Question 92

After perception occurs, the formation of new thoughts and ideas, recalling old memories of similar occasions to a particular traffic situation.

Answer 92

Intellection

Question 93

A solid structure, which projects into the sea perpendicular to the shore to berth vessels

Answer 93

Jetty

Question 94

The breakdown or disintegration of slab edges at joints or cracks, usually resulting in the ss of sound concrete and the progressive widening of the joint or crack

Answer 94

Joint or crack spalling

Question 95

Distanced traveled by the vehicle during the total reaction time.

Answer 95

Lag distance

Question 96

The opposite side of a structure facing the direction from which the wind comes.

Answer 96

Leeward side

Question 97

The longest distance material should ever be hauled.

Answer 97

Limit of economic haul

Question 98

Cracks approximately at right angles to the pavement center line. These are caused by poorly constructed construction joints and shrinkage of the asphalt concrete surface; they may also be reflective cracks.

Answer 98

Longitudinal cracking

Question 99

Calculation of optimum haul strategies and earthwork costs is done.

Answer 99

Mass diagram

Question 100

A mixture of bitumen, fine aggregate, and filler in suitable proportion is heated to about 200 C in special cooker and laid.

Answer 100

Mastic asphalt

Question 101

The maximum speed that cab be attained on a highway as the flow tends to zero.

Answer 101

Maximum free speed

Question 102

The maximum speed that can be attained on a highway as the flow tends to be zero.

Answer 102

Mean free speed

Question 103

The process by which a vehicle in on traffic stream joins another traffic steam moving in the same direction such as a ramp vehicle joining a freeway stream.

Answer 103

Merging

Question 104

This traffic occurs when vehicles enter a traffic stream.

Answer 104

Merging conflicts

Question 105

These models of traffic flow describe the relationship between flow, speed, and density.

Answer 105

Macroscopic

Question 106

These models of traffic flow describe the motion of individual vehicles and their interactions with one another.

Answer 106

Microscopic

Question 107

If one of the two daily tide is incomplete that is it does not reach the height of the previous tide, then the tides.

Answer 107

Mixed diurnal tides

Question 108

A breakwater is a structure constructed for the purpose of forming an artificial harbor with a water area so protected from the effect of sea waves as to provide safe shipping. When a accommodations for breakwater supports a roadway.

Answer 108

Mole

Question 109

Prevailing winds which are seasonal blowing in one direction over part of the year and in the opposite direction the remainder of the year.

Answer 109

Moonson

Question 110

Type of dolphins which are not designed for the impact of the ship, as they located in back of the face of the dock where they will not be hit. They are located about 45 off the bow and stern.

Answer 110

Mooring dolphins

Question 111

The lowest tide of the month when the line connecting the earth with sun and the moon form a right triangle that is when the moon is in its quarters.

Answer 111

Neap tides

Question 112

Defined as the fraction of time that vehicles are present at a point in space.

Answer 112

Occupancy

Question 113

Known as carriers, primarily concerned with operating fleets to provide transportation services.

Answer 113

Operating organization

Question 114

Signs which provide means of displaying essential traffic information on wide multilane roads, where some degree of lane use control is required or where side of road clearance is insufficient to accommodate a road side sign.

Answer 114

Overhead sign

Question 115

An arterial highway for non- commercial traffic with full or partial control of access and usually located within park.

Answer 115

Parkway

Question 116

Minimum sight distance required on a two-lane, two-way highway that will permit a driver to complete a passing maneuver without colliding with an opposing vehicle and without cutting off the passing vehicle.

Answer 116

Passing sight distance

Question 117

The layered structure placed over a soil sub grade for forming a road.

Answer 117

Pavement

Question 118

Refers to the structural adequacy of the pavement section.

Answer 118

Pavement deflection

Question 119

Refers to the condition of a pavement in terms of its general appearance.

Answer 119

Pavement distress

Question 120

The measurement of the extent to which a road surface deviates from the plane.

Answer 120

Pavement roughness

Question 121

Time required for transmission of the sensations received (through eyes, ears and body) to the brain and the spiral chord by the nervous system, to a particular traffic situation.

Answer 121

Perception time

Question 122

The interval of time for two wave crests to pass the same position in space.

Answer 122

Period

Question 123

A berth structure projecting out from the shoreline.

Answer 123

Pier

Question 124

These refer to drawings, usually accompanied by notes, of various aspects or components of the design.

Answer 124

Plans

Question 125

A type of rigid pavement, which has no temperature steel or dowels for the load transfer. This type of pavement is used mainly on low volume highways or when cement stabilized soils are used as sub material.

Answer 125

Plain concrete pavement

Question 126

This is a drawing of the facility as it would look to an observer directly above it.

Answer 126

Plain view

Question 127

This view has elevation as its vertical axis and horizontal distance, measured perpendicular to the centerline, as its horizontal axis.

Answer 127

Profile

Question 128

Line representing the facility on the profile

Answer 128

Profile grade

Question 129

A sheltered place where the ship may receive or discharge cargo. It includes the harbor with its approach channels and anchorage places.

Answer 129

Port

Question 130

The max number of passenger cars that can pass a given point on a lane or roadway during one hour under prevailing roadway and traffic conditions.

Answer 130

Possible Capacity

Question 131

The max number of vehicles that can pads a given point on a lane or roadway during one hour without traffic density being so great as to cause unreasonable delay hazard or restrictions to the driver’s freedom to maneuver under the prevailing roadway and traffic.

Answer 131

Practical capacity

Question 132

A layer of stone chipping coat laid over a hot to make the surface water proof conditions.

Answer 132

Prime coat

Question 133

A platform built in the harbor parallel to the shore and backed up by ground.

Answer 133

Quay

Question 134

A delay which results when the demand for a facility exceed its capacity.

Answer 134

Queue

Question 135

Wearing away of the pavement surface caused by the dislodging of aggregate particles and binder.

Answer 135

Raveling

Question 136

The total time required for perception, intellection, emotion and volition that is from the instant the object comes in the line of sight of the driver to the instant he arrives a decision say to slow down or overtake, under normal circumstance.

Answer 136

Reaction time

Question 137

The bending of waves as they slow down.

Answer 137

Refraction

Question 138

Signs that inform road users of traffic laws and regulations which, if disregarded, will constitute an offense.

Answer 138

Regulatory signs

Question 139

A platform or deck structure built below the top deck level and supported on bearing piles. The main function of the platform is to reduce the lateral soil pressure over the upper portion of the sheet wall.

Answer 139

Relieving Platform

Question 140

Warn or advise if temporary hazardous conditions that could endanger road users or the men and equipment engaged in roadwork.

Answer 140

Roadwork signs

Question 141

The maximum number of passenger cars that can pass a given point on lane or roadway during one hour under the most nearly ideal roadway and traffic conditions which can possibly be attained.

Answer 141

Road capacity

Question 142

Type of thermoplastic Lane marking designed to aid and provide motorists with visual, audio, and motion warnings on the road.

Answer 142

Rumble strips

Question 143

The average speed maintained by a vehicle over a particular stretch of road, while the vehicle is in motion. This is obtained by dividing the distance covered by the time during which the vehicle is in motion.

Answer 143

Running Speed

Question 144

To level a floor or layer of concrete with a straight edge using a back and forth motion while moving across the surface.

Answer 144

Screeding

Question 145

Waves under the influence of the winds that generated them.

Answer 145

Sea

Question 146

A berth structure with no direct connection to the shore, at which the ships can berth. Berthing can take place on either one or both sided of the structure.

Answer 146

Sea island

Question 147

A very thin surface applied over a bituminous pavement to make it impervious.

Answer 147

Seal Coat

Question 148

A very long-standing wave on a large but limited body of water (lake) generated by occurring when a storm dies down after producing a wind tide.

Answer 148

Seiche

Question 149

Waves of this type have very long periods, typically from 30 sec. up to the tidal period of 12 hr. 25 min. and are mostly found in enclosed or semi- enclosed basins such as artificial port basins or bays.

Answer 149

Seiching waves

Question 150

Tides that occur twice its lunar day.

Answer 150

Semi-diurnal tides

Question 151

Local sagging in the pavement caused by differential settlement, consolidation, or movement of the underlying earth mass.

Answer 151

Settlement

Question 152

Waves in which the ratio of water depth to the wave length is equal to or less than 0.40.

Waves that occur in water having a depth less than one-half of the wave length and the influence of the bottom changes the form or orbital motion from circular to elliptical or near- elliptical.

Question 153

Waves in which the ratio of water depth to the wave length is equal to or less than 0.40.

Waves that occur in water having a depth less than one-half of the wave length and the influence of the bottom changes the form or orbital motion from circular to elliptical or near-elliptical.

Answer 153

Shallow water waves

Question 154

These are intended primarily as a safety feature. They provide for accommodation of stopped vehicles, emergency use, and lateral support of the pavement.

Answer 154

Shoulders

Question 155

Describes the effectiveness of a pavement to prevent or reduce skid-related crashes.

Answer 155

Skid resistance

Question 156

A hypothetical wave having a wave height and period equal respectively to average values of the wave height and period of the largest 1/3 of all waves in the train as counted in the order of greater wave height.

Answer 156

Significant wave

Question 157

A type of rigid pavement having dowels for the transfer of traffic load across joints with these joints spaced at a larger distance than with plain pavements ranging from 10 m to 30 m. Temperature steel is used throughout the slab

Answer 157

Simply-reinforced concrete pavement

Question 158

A type of mooring bollard which is suitable for warping ships along berths a single pillar type is used with lines from one ship only. General mooring application where rope angle is not steep. It has a normal max. working capacity of 200 tons.

Answer 158

Single and double pillar

Question 159

The arithmetical mean value of the highest one-third of the waves for a stated interval

Answer 159

Significant wave height

Question 160

A type of mooring bollard where all general mooring applications including steep rope angles and lines from two ships may be attached without interference. It has normal max. capacity of 200 tons.

Answer 160

Slobing robe

Question 161

Waves that have propagated beyond the initial winds that generated them.

Answer 161

Swell

Question 162

Generated by storms, which occur outside area of observation

Answer 162

Swells wave

Question 163

The distance between the front of a vehicle and the front of the following vehicle.

Answer 163

Space headway

Question 164

The arithmetic mean of speed of vehicles occupying a relatively long section of street or highway at given instant.

Answer 164

Space mean speed

Question 165

Signs that instruct road users to meet certain traffic rule requirements or road condition.

Answer 165

Special instruction signs

Question 166

These are written instructions detailing how the facility is to be constructed.

Answer 166

Specifications

Question 167

Rrate of change of distance with respect to time and is usually measured in either miles per hour or feet per second depending on the application.

Answer 167

Speed

Question 168

The instantaneous speed of a vehicle at a specified section or location.

Answer 168

Spot speed

Question 169

The highest tide which occurs at intervals of half a lunar month when the sun , moon and earth fall in line.

Answer 169

Spring tides

Question 170

The ratio of the wave height to its wave length is called:

Answer 170

Steepness

Question 171

Minimum sight distance required for a driver to stop after seeing an object in the vehicle’s path without hitting that object.

Answer 171

Stopping sight distance

Question 172

An abnormal rise of the sea level that occurs when a typhoon passes by. This rise above normal level on this open coast is due to atmospheric pressure reduction as well as due to wind stress.

Answer 172

Storm Surge

Question 173

Determined based on the traffic loads, soils support, and other design factors.

Answer 173

Structural number

Question 174

The part of the road structure which is immediately above the subgrade and composed of stone boulders or superior soil.

Answer 174

Sub-base

Question 175

The layer of natural soil over which the pavement road is laid.

Answer 175

Sub-grade

Question 176

This applies to cuved facilities, such as highways or railways, only. It consists of a graph with roadway or railway cross slope versus horizontal distance.

Answer 176

Superelevation diagram

Question 177

The length of super elevation development from zero cross slope to full design super elevation in a circular curve alignment.

Answer 177

Super elevation run off

Question 178

Wind generated waves which are created in the deep ocean at some distance from the port site and the wind that created them may be too distant to be felt in the port or may have stopped blowing or changed, its direction by the time the wave reach the port.

Answer 178

Swell waves

Question 179

The purpose of this is to counteract the centripetal acceleration produced as a vehicle round a curve.

Answer 179

Superelevation or banking of curves

Question 180

This involve modification of the roadway cross section from normal crown to full superelevation, at which point the entire roadway width has a cross slope of e.

Answer 180

Superelevation transition

Question 181

Abnormal surface wear, usually resulting from poor quality surface mortar or coarse aggregate.

Answer 181

Surface attrition or surface abrasion.

Question 182

Loss of the original surface texture due to traffic action.

Answer 182

Surface polish

Question 183

An application of hot bitumen material given to the old surface to provide adhesion to the old and new road surface.

Answer 183

Tack coat