Terminology, digestive system

Question 1

Abdomen:

Answer 1

The part of the body that contains the digestive organs. In human beings, this is between the diaphragm and the pelvis

Question 2

Alimentary canal:

Answer 2

The passage through which food passes, including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and anus.

Question 3

Anus:

Answer 3

The opening at the end of the digestive system from which feces (waste) exits the body.

Question 4

Appendix:

Answer 4

A small sac located on the cecum.

Question 5

Ascending colon:

Answer 5

The part of the large intestine that run upwards; it is located after the cecum.

Question 6

Bile

Answer 6

A digestive chemical that is produced in the liver, stored in the gall bladder, and secreted into the small intestine.

Question 7

Cecum:

Answer 7

The first part of the large intestine; the appendix is connected to the cecum.

Question 8

Chyme:

Answer 8

Food in the stomach that is partly digested and mixed with stomach acids. Chyme goes on to the small intestine for further digestion.

Question 9

Descending colon:

Answer 9

The part of the large intestine that run downwards after the transverse colon and before the sigmoid colon.

Question 10

Digestive system:

Answer 10

(Also called the gastrointestinal tract of GI tract) the system of the body that processes food and gets rid of waste.

Question 11

Duodenum:

Answer 11

The first part of the small intestine; it is c-shaped and runs from the stomach to the jejunum.

Question 12

Epiglottis:

Answer 12

The flap at the back of the tongue that keeps chewed food from going down the windpipe to the lungs. When you swallow, the epiglottis automatically closes. When you breathe, the epiglottis opens so that air can go in and out of the windpipe

Question 13

Esophagus:

Answer 13

The long tube between the mouth and the stomach. It uses rhythmic muscle movements (called peristalsis) to force food from the throat into the stomach.

Question 14

Gall bladder:

Answer 14

A small, sac-like organ located by the duodenum.. It stores and releases bile (a digestive chemical which is produced in the liver) into the small intestine.

Question 15

Gastrointestinal tract:

Answer 15

(Also called the GI tract or digestive system) the system of the body that processes food and gets rid of waste.

Question 16

Ileum:

Answer 16

The last part of the small intestine before the large intestine begins.

Question 17

Intestines:

Answer 17

The part of the alimentary canal located between the stomach and the anus.

Question 18

Jejunum:

Answer 18

The long, coiled mid-section of the small intestine; it it between the duodenum and the ileum.

Question 19

Liver:

Answer 19

A large organ located above and in front of the stomach. IT filters toxins from the blood, and makes bile (which breaks down fats) and some blood proteins.

Question 20

Mouth:

Answer 20

The first part of the digestive system, where food enters the body. Chewing and salivary enzymes in the mouth are the beginning of the digestive process (breaking down the food.)

Question 21

Pancreas:

Answer 21

An enzyme-producing gland located below the stomach and above the intestines. Enzymes from pancreas help in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the small intestine.

Question 22

Peristalsis:

Answer 22

Rhythmic muscle movements that force food in the esophagus from the throat into the stomach. Peristalsis is involuntary - you cannot control it. It is also what allows you to eat and drink while upside-down.

Question 23

Rectum:

Answer 23

The lower part of the large intestine, where feces are stored before they are excreted.

Question 24

Salivary Glands:

Answer 24

Glands located in the mouth that produce saliva. Saliva contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates (starch) into smaIler molecules.

Question 25

Sigmoid colon:

Answer 25

The part of the large intestine between the descending colon and the rectum.

Question 26

Stomach:

Answer 26

A sack-like, muscular organ that is attached to the esophagus. Both chemical and mechanical digestion takes place in the stomach. When food enters the stomach, it is churned in a bath of acids and enzymes.

Question 27

Transverse colon:

Answer 27

The part of the large intestine that runs horizontally across the abdomen.

Question 28

Mouth:

Answer 28

• Breaks up food particles, assists in producing spoken language.

Question 29

Rectum:

Answer 29

Stores and expels feces.

Question 30

Pharynx:

Answer 30

Swallows.

Question 31

Small intestine:

Answer 31

• Mucus served from walls.
• Absorbs nutrients.
• Digestion of proteins, sugars & polysacc.

Question 32

Large intestine:

Answer 32

• Reabsorbs some water and ions.

- Forms and stores feces.