Terminology and the body plan

Question 1

refers to a person standing erect with the face directed forward, the upper limbs hanging to the sides, and the palms of the hands facing forward

Answer 1

Anatomical position

Question 2

A person is ___when lying face upward

Answer 2

supine

Question 3

__ when lying face downward

Answer 3

prone

Question 4

describe parts of the body relative to each other

Answer 4

Directional terms

Question 5

____ are retained as directional terms in anatomical terminology.

Answer 5

Right and left

Question 6

Up is replaced by ___

Answer 6

superior

Question 7

down by___

Answer 7

inferior

Question 8

front by ___

Answer 8

anterior

Question 9

back by ____

Answer 9

posterior

Question 10

superior is synonymous with ____which means toward the head

Answer 10

cephalic

Question 11

the term inferior is synonymous with ___ which means toward the tail

Answer 11

caudal

Question 12

head is the highest point. In humans

Answer 12

Cephalic

Question 13

located at the end of the vertebral column if humans had tails

Answer 13

Caudal

Question 14

surface of the human body is therefore the ____,

Answer 14

ventral surface

Question 15

posterior and ___means “back”.

Answer 15

dorsal

Question 16

____means “nearest”

Answer 16

Proximal

Question 17

___ means “distant.”

Answer 17

distal

Question 18

___ means “toward the midline,”

Answer 18

Medial

Question 19

___ means “away from the midline.”

Answer 19

lateral

Question 20

___ describes a structure close to the surface of the body

Answer 20

Superficial

Question 21

___ is toward the interior of the body

Answer 21

deep

Question 22

The central region of the body consists of

Answer 22

head, neck, and trunk

Question 23

trunk can be divided into

Answer 23

thorax, abdomen, and pelvis

Question 24

chest

Answer 24

thorax

Question 25

region between the thorax and pelvis

Answer 25

abdomen

Question 26

the inferior end of the trunk associated with the hips

Answer 26

pelvis

Question 27

The upper limb is divided into

Answer 27

arm, forearm, wrist, and hand.

Question 28

extends from the shoulder to the elbow

Answer 28

arm

Question 29

extends from the elbow to the wrist

Answer 29

forearm

Question 30

The lower limb is divided into

Answer 30

thigh, leg, ankle, and foot

Question 31

extends from the hip to the knee

Answer 31

thigh

Question 32

extends from the knee to the ankle

Answer 32

leg

Question 33

divides, or sections, the body, making it possible to “look inside” and observe the body’s structures

Answer 33

plane

Question 34

runs vertically through the body, separating it into right and left portions.

Answer 34

sagittal plane

Question 35

means “the flight of an arrow” and refers to the way the body would be split by an arrow passing anteriorly to posteriorly.

Answer 35

sagittal plane

Question 36

is a sagittal plane that passes through the midline of the body, dividing it into equal right and left halves

Answer 36

median plane

Question 37

runs parallel to the ground, dividing the body into superior and inferior portions

Answer 37

transverse (horizontal) plane

Question 38

runs vertically from right to left and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

Answer 38

frontal (coronal) plane

Question 39

A cut through the long axis of the organ is a

Answer 39

longitudinal section

Question 40

a cut at right angles to the long axis is a

Answer 40

transverse (cross) section

Question 41

If a cut is made across the long axis at other than a right angle

Answer 41

oblique section

Question 42

trunk contains three large cavities that do not open to the outside of the body

Answer 42

thoracic, the abdominal, and the pelvic cavities

Question 43

surrounds the thoracic cavity, and the muscular diaphragm separates it from the abdominal cavity

Answer 43

rib cage

Question 44

The thoracic cavity is divided into right and left parts by a median partition called the

Answer 44

mediastinum (middle wall)

Question 45

The mediastinum contains

Answer 45

heart, the thymus, the trachea, the esophagus, and other structures, such as blood vessels and nerves

Question 46

The two lungs are located on each side of the

Answer 46

mediastinum

Question 47

Abdominal muscles primarily enclose the

Answer 47

abdominal cavity

Question 48

abdominal cavity, which contains

Answer 48

stomach, the intestines, the liver, the spleen, the pancreas, and the kidneys.

Question 49

Pelvic bones encase the small space known as the

Answer 49

pelvic cavity

Question 50

where the urinary bladder, part of the large intestine, and the internal reproductive organs are housed

Answer 50

pelvic cavity

Question 51

abdominal and pelvic cavities are not physically separated and sometimes are called the

Answer 51

abdominopelvic cavity.