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Abi Science 2016 > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of a compound?

A

Substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed ratio

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2
Q

What is the definition of di…?

A

Prefix that means two

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3
Q

What is the definition of an atomic number?

A

Number that indicates the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

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6
Q

What is the definition of a mass number?

A

Total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus

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7
Q

What is the definition of an element?

A

Simple chemical substance that consists of atoms of one type

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8
Q

What is the definition of mon(o)…?

A

Prefix that means one

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9
Q

What is the definition of a metal?

A

Shiny element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity
Malleable
Ductile

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10
Q

What is the definition of a ratio?

A

Relationship between two numbers that show how much greater one amount is compared to the other

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11
Q

What is the definition of tri …?

A

Prefix that means three

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12
Q

What is the definition of a non-metal?

A

Dull, brittle, non-magnetic element that does not conduct heat or electricity

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17
Q

What is the definition of a semi-metal?

A

Element that has properties of both a metal and a non-metal

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18
Q

What is the definition of a symbol?

A

Letter(s), number(s) or sign(s) used to represent something

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19
Q

What is the definition of the Periodic Table of Elements?

A

Table that lists all the known elements in groups

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20
Q

What are the three types of variables?

A

Independent
Dependent
Controlled

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21
Q

What is the definition of an independent variable?

A

It is the variable that is chosen by the experimenter
It does not depend on the outcome of the experiment
It is plotted on the x-axis

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22
Q

What is the definition of a dependent variable?

A

It is the measurable outcome of the experiment

It is plotted on the y-axis

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23
Q

What is the definition of a controlled variable?

A

These are the variables that could inadvertently influence the result of an experiment. They need to be controlled to ensure a fair test

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24
Q

What is the definition of a hypothesis?

A

It is the experimenter’s prediction of the outcome of an experiment
An hypothesis includes the dependent and independent variable
It is a statement

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25
Q

What is the definition of a fair test?

A

It is an experiment where all the variables that could influence the experiment (except for the independent variable) are controlled.

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26
Q

What is the definition of accuracy?

A

It refers to how close the outcome of an experiment was to a known scientific variable.

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27
Q

What is the definition of precision?

A

When the results of an experiment have a limited range

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28
Q

What is the definition of reliability?

A

It is when all of the results of an experiment are similar. The experiment can be repeated by anyone with similar outcomes.

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29
Q

What is the definition of trustworthiness?

A

It is when the source of your data is reliable.

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30
Q

What is the definition of prejudice?

A

It is when a person will manipulate their data to suit their hypothesis.

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31
Q

What are the three types of variables?

A

Independent
Dependent
Controlled

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32
Q

What is the definition of an independent variable?

A

It is the variable that is chosen by the experimenter
It does not depend on the outcome of the experiment
It is plotted on the x-axis

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33
Q

What is the definition of a dependent variable?

A

It is the measurable outcome of the experiment

It is plotted on the y-axis

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34
Q

What is the definition of a controlled variable?

A

These are the variables that could inadvertently influence the result of an experiment. They need to be controlled to ensure a fair test

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35
Q

What is the definition of a hypothesis?

A

It is the experimenter’s prediction of the outcome of an experiment
An hypothesis includes the dependent and independent variable
It is a statement

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36
Q

What is the definition of a fair test?

A

It is an experiment where all the variables that could influence the experiment (except for the independent variable) are controlled.

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37
Q

What is the definition of accuracy?

A

It refers to how close the outcome of an experiment was to a known scientific variable.

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38
Q

What is the definition of precision?

A

When the results of an experiment have a limited range

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39
Q

What is the definition of reliability?

A

It is when all of the results of an experiment are similar. The experiment can be repeated by anyone with similar outcomes.

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40
Q

What is the definition of trustworthiness?

A

It is when the source of your data is reliable.

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41
Q

What is the definition of prejudice?

A

It is when a person will manipulate their data to suit their hypothesis.

42
Q

What is the definition of a chemical reaction?

A

Event when elements and/compounds combine to form one or more new substances

43
Q

What is the definition of a model?

A

a representation of a real object that is really small

44
Q

What is the definition of a reactant?

A

Substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction

45
Q

What is the definition of a product?

A

Substance formed by a chemical reaction

46
Q

What is the definition of a chemical equation?

A

Equation using the scientific symbols of substances involved in a reaction

47
Q

What is the definition of a subscript?

A

Smaller letter/figure that appears at the bottom of a page

48
Q

What is the definition of a balanced chemical equation?

A

chemical equation where the number and type of atoms on the left of the equation is the same as the number and type on the right

49
Q

What is the definition of an oxide?

A

A compound formed during a chemical reaction between oxygen and one other element

50
Q

What is the definition of a combustion reaction?

A

A rapid reaction that occurs in a chemical reaction with oxygen that produces light and heat

51
Q

What is the definition of iron oxide?

A

Product formed as the result of the reaction between iron and oxygen

52
Q

What is the definition of magnesium oxide?

A

Product formed as a result of the reaction between oxygen and magnesium

53
Q

What is the definition of rust?

A

Reddish-brown coating that forms on iron

Orange-brown powdery solid formed by the reaction of oxygen and iron in the presence of water

54
Q

What is the definition of a corrosion process?

A

Effect of metal being attacked by air, water and other substances

55
Q

What is the definition of electroplating?

A

Process whereby an electric current run through iron/steel is used to coat the iron/steel with another less corrosive metal

56
Q

What is the definition of galvanise?

A

Process used to cover iron with zinc

57
Q

What is the definition of a patina?

A

A layer of oxide on a metal

58
Q

What is the definition of a catalyst?

A

Something that speeds up a reaction, but remains unchanged at the end of the reaction

59
Q

What is the definition of a non-metal oxide?

A

Product of the reaction between oxygen and non-metals

60
Q

What is the definition of carbon?

A

Common non-metal element

61
Q

What is the definition of oxygen?

A

Gas in the atmosphere that living things need for cell respiration

62
Q

What is the definition of carbon dioxide?

A

Gas produced when animals breathe
Carbon is burned in the air or when living matter decays
One of the natural greenhouse gases

63
Q

What is the definition of sulfur?

A

Solid at room temperature

A non-metal that is yellow in colour

64
Q

What is the definition of sulfur dioxide?

A

A product of the reaction between oxygen and sulfur

65
Q

What is the definition of phosphorus?

A

A reactive solid non-metal

66
Q

What is the definition of phosphorous pentoxide?

A

Chemical compound with formula P4O10

A white powder

67
Q

What is the definition of an acid?

A

Substance with a pH value lower than 7

68
Q

What is the definition of a base?

A

Substance with a pH value higher that 7

69
Q

What is the definition of a neutral?

A

Solution with a pH value of 7

70
Q

What is the definition of a pH scale?

A

Number that indicates how acidic or basic a solution is

71
Q

What is the definition of an indicator?

A

Chemical used to determine whether a solution is acidic, alkaline or neutral

72
Q

What is the definition of litmus paper?

A

Red or blue paper

Used as an indicator in a laboratory

73
Q

What is the definition of Phenolphthalein?

A

Substance used to test the pH value of a solution

74
Q

What is the definition of bromothymol?

A

Substance used to test the pH of a liquid or solution

75
Q

What is the definition of a universal indicator?

A

Used to test the pH value of a substance

76
Q

What is the definition of red cabbage water?

A

homemade substance used to test the pH value of a solution

77
Q

What is the definition of red onion water?

A

Homemade substance used to test the pH value of a solution

78
Q

What is turmeric water?

A

Homemade substance used to test the pH value of a substance

79
Q

What is the definition of a neutralisation reaction?

A

Reaction that takes place when an acid reacts with a base

80
Q

What is the definition of sulfuric acid?

A

H2SO4

A strong acid

81
Q

What is the definition of hydrochloric acid?

A

Substance that AIDS digestion in the stomach

82
Q

What is the definition of oxygen?

A

O2

Gas in the atmosphere that living things need for cell respiration

83
Q

What is the definition of a strong base?

A

14

84
Q

What is the definition of a weak base?

A

7,1

85
Q

What is the definition of a strong acid?

A

1

86
Q

What is the definition of a weak acid?

A

6.9

87
Q

What is the definition of a neutralisation reaction?

A

When enough base is added to a base or vice versa so that the pH level becomes 7(neutral)

88
Q

What is the definition of a chemical formula?

A

Letters and numbers which indicate the type and ratio of elements in a compound

89
Q

What is the definition of a word equation?

A

Names of the elements and compounds showing the reactants and products in a chemical reaction

90
Q

What is the definition of a metal oxide?

A

A new compound base formed when a metal reacts with oxygen

91
Q

What is the definition of a non-metal oxide?

A

A new acidic compound which is formed when a non-metal reacts with oxygen

92
Q

What is the definition of greasing?

A

A method for preventing rust and providing lubrication for moving metal parts such as metal gears in an engine

93
Q

What is the definition of a Newton?

A

The force needed to accelerate 1 kg of mass at 1 m per s squared

Abi Science 2016 (16 decks)

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