Terminology Flashcards
What is the correct term for blood in the urine?
Hematuria
What is the correct term for an increased leukocyte count not due to cancer?
Leukocytosis
What organ or area is affected by mastitis?
Mammary Gland
What is the correct term for sticking a needle into a lymph node and aspirating cells for examination?
Lymphocentesis
What is the correct term for an inflammation of the urinary bladder?
Cystitis
What is the correct term for surgical removal of a mammary gland?
Mastectomy
What does the term anorexia mean?
Not eating
What is the correct term for an instrument used to examine ears?
Otoscope
What term means “fever”?
Pyrexia
What is the term for an inflammation of the brain and spinal cord?
Encephalomyelitis
What is the term that refers to a benign black tumor?
Melanoma
What is the name of the device used to count blood
Hemocytometer
A dog’s spleen is enlarged. What is the correct term for the condition?
Splenomegaly
What is the correct term for a radiograph taken with air in the urinary bladder?
Pneumocystogram
What is the correct term for a surgically creating a new opening in the urethra?
Urethrostomy
What is the correct term for heart muscle disease?
Cardiomyopathy
What is the term that means “a condition of death?”
Necrosis
Sometimes lymph nodes enlarge because of an increase in the number of cells. What is the term for over-development because of an increase in the number of cells?
Hyperplasia
What term refers to an inflammation of the kidney?
Nephritis
What structure is inflamed in keratitis?
Cornea
A dog is born with a soft, swollen area over the anterior cranium. The veterinarian suspects “water on the brain.” What is the medical term for this condition?
Hydrocephalus
Orthopedics is the medical specialty concerned with
Muscle and Bone
Which of the following cells is normally found in the red bone marrow?
Myelocyte
What is the term for a blood clot that travels through circulation?
Thromboembolus
Which of the following literally means “study of no feeling?”
Anesthesiology
What is the name of the area where the upper and lower eyelids meet?
Canthus
A collie is born with eyes smaller than normal. What is this called?
Microphthalmia
A cataract is found in what structure?
Lens of the eye
Which of the following terms means “difficult breathing?”
Dyspnea
What is the term for malignant bone tumor?
Osteosarcoma
What is the term for the procedure in which a sterile needle is inserted into the chest and fluid is withdrawn into a syringe?
Thoracocentesis
What term refers to the medical specialty that deals primarily with tumors?
Oncology
The veterinarian has noted in a dog’s record that alopecia is present. That means what?
Hair loss
What term refers to an animal drinking more water than normal?
Polydipsia
A dog has had a cast on its leg for 5 weeks. When the cast is removed, the muscles on the affected leg are smaller than on the other leg. What is the term used to describe this condition?
Muscular Atrophy
Which term refers to a white blood cell count below normal?
Leukopenia
A dog has swallowed a ball, and it is stuck in its stomach. What is the name of the surgical procedure performed to remove it?
Gastrotomy
What is the correct term for a drug administered to relieve pain?
Analgesic
A cat that has already delivered 2 kittens has another kitten stuck in the birth canal and is having difficulty giving birth to it. What term is used to describe this condition?
Dystocia
What does the term pathogenic refer to?
Disease causing
The veterinarian indicates in the record that a cat has otitis. What structure is affected?
Ear
An anesthetized cat’s heart rate has slowed to an abnormally low 30 beats per minute. Which of the following terms best describes this condition?
Bradycardia
The veterinarian aspirates pus from the chest of a cat. What is the term for this condition?
Pyothorax
An anesthetized dog has a blue color to its mucous membranes. What is the term used to describe this condition?
Cyanosis
What term refers to a benign fatty tumor?
Lipoma
What is an electrocardiogram?
An electrical recording of the heart
A cat is exhibiting anisocoria. What is occurring?
The cat’s pupils are different sizes
The granules in the cytoplasm of an eosinophil are
Red
To torse means
To twist
The word part that means “long” is
Dolicho
The word part that means “growth” is
-Trophy
The word part that means “middle” is
Meso
The word part that means “short” is
Brachy
Inflammation of the gums is
Gingivitis
Inflammation of any or all of the mucous membranes of the mouth is
Stomatitis
Inflammation of the tongue is
Glossitis
Inflammation of the throat is
Pharyngitis
Inflammation of the salivary glands is
Sialoadenitis
A salivary cyst is a
Sialocele
Suppression of the flow of saliva is
Sialoschesis
An agent that induces salivation is a
Sialogen
Difficulty standing is
Ataxia
Difficulty swallowing is
Dysphagia
Difficulty defecating is
Dyschezia
Difficulty breathing is
Dyspnea
A displaced or malpositioned organ is referred to as
Ectopic
An eyelid that is turned outward is described as an
Ectropion
Blood under the skin produced by ruptured blood vessels in the area is known as
Ecchymosis
A nose bleed is also known as
Epistaxis
Accumulation of water in the thorax is known as
Hydrothorax
Accumulation of fatty fluid in the thorax is known as
Chylothorax
Accumulation of purulent fluid in the thorax is known as
Pyothorax
Accumulation of air in the thorax is known as
Pneumothorax
Inflammation of the lacrimal gland is
Dacryoadenitis
A tumor of the lacrimal gland is
Dacryoma
A painful lacrimal gland is described as
Dacryoadenalgia
Prolapse of the lacrimal gland is described as
Dacryocystoptosis
A pug, with its very short nose, is an example of
Brachiocephalic
A greyhound, with its very long nose, is an example of
Dolichocephalic
The term marsupialization refers to
Creation of an opening from a cyst to the body surface
Retinomalacia
Softening of the retina
Tenesmus refers to
Straining to defecate
Steatorrhea refers to
Fat in the stool
Coprophagia refers to
Ingesting feces
Osteomalacia refers to
Softening of the bone
Epiphora refers to
Excessive tear flow
Hyperesthesic animals are
Abnormally sensitive to stimuli
Hypernatremia refers to a/an
Excessive amount of sodium in the blood
A condition in which voluntary muscular movements overreach the intended goal is
Hypermetria
Mastication refers to the process of
Chewing
A meatus is
An opening or passage
Prehension refers to
Grasping
The term that pertains to a jaundice color is
Icteric
Atelectasis results in
A collapsed lung
Oliguria refers to
Small amount of urination
Otoplasty refers to
Reconstruction of the ear
The term that means “itching” is
Pruritus
The term myositis refers to
Inflammation of the muscle
The endosteum is found on
The interior surfaces of bones
The term for an undersized brain is
Microcephaly
What is the term used to describe treatment using ultracold liquids?
Cryotherapy
The prefix that relates to water is
Hydro-
The term that means “impaired or difficult breathing” is
Dyspnea
The suffix that means “inflammation” is
-itis
The term that refers to an excision or surgical removal of the kidney is
Nephrectomy
An animal that suffers from this condition is having difficulty ingesting or swallowing food.
Dysphagia
A condition characterized by a decrease in red blood cells is
Anemia
The surgical removal of a retained testicle is called
Orchidectomy
The term that refers to surgically creating a new opening in the intestines and connecting it to the outside of the body or another hollow organ is
Enterostomy
The term that refers to making an incision through the abdominal wall is
Laparotomy
The procedure used to achieve surgical fixation of the true stomach compartment of a cow is
Abomasopexy
The term that means “joint pain” is
Arthralgia
The term that refers to an animal infected with yeast of the family Candida is
Candidiasis
Dilatation, expansion, or distention of the lungs results in
Emphysema
A disorder or disease of a bone is an
Osteopathy
A slow heart rate is described as
Bradycardia
Lack of any urine flow is described as
Anuria
The term that refers to low blood pressure is
Hypotension
What condition involves pus?
Pyoderma (anything with py/o as a prefix, but this is the example given)
The surgical removal of the uterus is
Hysterectomy
The combining form related to the testes is
Orchi-
The combining form related to the oviducts is
Salpingo-
The term that refers to the removal of the testes is
Orchidectomy
The 2 word parts that have the same meaning are
a) Costo and Chondro
b) Adipo and Lipo
c) Cephalo and cranio
d) Mandibulo and maxillo
b) Adipo and Lipo
The medical description used to classify flat-faced breeds such as bulldogs and Persian cats is
Brachygnathia
The junction where the ribs join the cartilage from the sternum is
Costochondral
The surgical procedure that involves cutting the eardrum to drain exudate is a
Myringotomy
The medical term for declawing is
Onychectomy
Two words or parts that mean the same thing are
a) micro and megalo
b) spondylo and chondro
c) pilo and tricho
d) ankylo and tarso
c) Pilo and Tricho (both mean hair)
Micro is small, while megalo is large.
Spondylo is vertebra while chondro is cartilage.
Ankylo is bent or stiff, while tarso is tarsus or the edge of the eyelid.
Any localized, abnormal change in tissue structure is called a
Lesion
A disease of the vertebrae or the spinal column is called a
Spondylosis
The condition of being bent, looped, or fused is
Ankylosis
The procedure used to destroy a stone or calculus is
Lithotripsy
The term used to describe pathologic hardening of the arteries is
Arteriosclerosis
The term used to describe enlargement of the liver is
Hepatomegaly
The suffix that means “paralysis” is
-plegia
The term that means “abnormal growth” is
Dysplasia
The condition that is described as a weakness or paralysis of one side of the body is
Hemiparesis
The enlargement of tissue due to increased cell numbers is a
Hyperplasia
A plane parallel to the median plane is
Sagittal
The surface of a tooth closest to the tongue is
Lingual
The foot is ______ relative to the knee.
Distal
The skeleton of a limb is part of the _______ skeleton.
Appendicular
Where on an animal is an ectoparasite found?
Skin
Where is the submandibular lymph node found?
Under the jaw
The inside of a horse’s leg is the _______ surface of the leg.
Medial
Where are the parathyroid glands located?
Next to the thyroid glands
A purulent condition always involves
Pus
What does hypodermic mean?
Under the skin
When describing bone fractures, the two terms that mean the same thing are
a) Closed and compound
b) Compound and comminuted
c) Comminuted and open
d) Open and compound
d) Open and compound (both imply a broken bone with an open wound in the skin)
A closed, or simple, fracture, is when there is no open wound. A comminuted fracture involves bone that is splintered or crushed into multiple pieces.
Spherical bacterium found grouped in pairs is
Diplococcus
The condition in which the tissues turn blue is
Cyanosis
The condition in which the skin hardens and is replaced with connective tissue is
Scleroderma
The cancerous condition of an overproduction of white blood cells is
Leukemia
The cancerous condition that involves black skin lesions is
Melanoma
An intra articular injection is given
In the joint
The prefix that means “within” or “inside” is
Intra-
Another term with the same meaning as “clot cell” is
Thrombocyte
A permanent, surgically created opening into the stomach through the body wall is a
Gastrostomy
A 6 year old spayed female mixed breed dog with a history of chronic emesis and occasional ataxia is brought to a veterinarian. The veterinarian prescribes metoclopramide at 0.3 mg/kg po tid.
What clinical sign is present in this dog?
a) Soft and bloody stool
b) Vomiting
c) Irregular heartbeat
d) Increased salivation
b) Vomiting (emesis)
A 6 year old spayed female mixed breed dog with a history of chronic emesis and occasional ataxia is brought to a veterinarian. The veterinarian prescribes metoclopramide at 0.3 mg/kg po tid.
This dog’s gait is occasionally
a) Uncoordinated
b) Sluggish
c) Lame
d) Frenzied
a) Uncoordinated (ataxia)
A 6 year old spayed female mixed breed dog with a history of chronic emesis and occasional ataxia is brought to a veterinarian. The veterinarian prescribes metoclopramide at 0.3 mg/kg po tid.
The prescribed medication should be given by what route?
Orally (p.o.)
A 6 year old spayed female mixed breed dog with a history of chronic emesis and occasional ataxia is brought to a veterinarian. The veterinarian prescribes metoclopramide at 0.3 mg/kg po tid.
The client gives the medication at 7 am one morning. The next dose should be given at
3 pm the same day
A medication that is prescribed prn should be given on what schedule?
As needed
An adenocarcinoma is best described as a
Malignant tumor derived from glandular tissue
Which dermatologic clinical sign would you expect to be associated with an allergic reaction to an ointment placed on the skin?
a) Pruritus
b) Hematochezia
c) Ptyalism
d) Nystagmus
a) Pruritus (itching)
Hematochezia is bloody stool. Ptyalism is hypersalivation. Nystagmus is involuntary, rhythmic eye movement.
Proptosis refers to a
Displacement or bulging of the eye
The medical term for protrusion of an organ through the body wall is
Hernia
An acute disease is one that
Comes on quickly
What is a laparotomy
Incision through the abdominal wall
An intussusception can be described as a
Prolapse of one part of the intestine into the lumen of an adjacent part of the intestine
A surgical anastomosis can best be described as
Suturing together two separate structures
Necrotic tissue is tissue in which
The cells have died
What is pulmonary edema?
Effusion of fluid into the alveoli
Proud flesh is the
Exuberant granulation tissue developing in a wound
Ischemia occurs when a tissue lacks
Blood flow
An arthrotomy is a surgical procedure in which
An incision is made into a joint
Blepharospasm is a spasm or twitching of the
Eyelids
Glossitis is inflammation of the
Tongue
Rhinoplasty is
Surgical repair of the nose
What is an infarct?
Area of dead tissue
A nephrotoxic drug is one that can damage the
Kidneys
Cryptorchidism is
Having one or more ectopic testicles
A horse is suffering from nystagmus, photophobia, and fasciculations. The veterinarian believes the animal may have ingested a toxic plant and prescribes an oral vitamin and mineral solution to be given qid.
The term nystagmus is best defined as
Rhythmic movement of both eyeballs in unison
A horse is suffering from nystagmus, photophobia, and fasciculations. The veterinarian believes the animal may have ingested a toxic plant and prescribes an oral vitamin and mineral solution to be given qid.
Fasciculation refers to
Small, local, involuntary muscular contractions
A horse is suffering from nystagmus, photophobia, and fasciculations. The veterinarian believes the animal may have ingested a toxic plant and prescribes an oral vitamin and mineral solution to be given qid.
If the client gives the prescribed medication at 8 am, the next treatment should be given at
2 pm the same day
When used in reference to food, tdn refers to
Total digestible nutrients
A specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pig is one that is known to be free of
Certain infectious microorganisms
A endoscope is an instrument used to
Allow direct observation of internal organs, such as the stomach
What is the difference between an emasculatome and an emasculator?
The emasculatome crushes the spermatic cord, whereas the emasculator crushes and cuts the spermatic cord.
