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EMR > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

What’s COPD’s main 2 presentations

A

Emphysema and chronic bronchitis

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2
Q

What’s Emphysema

A

Difficulty breathing via permanent enlargement of air sacs in lungs. Can still be well perfused

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3
Q

What’s Chronic Bronchitis

A

Airways fill with mucous. Productive cough lasts 3 months and returns twice a year

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4
Q

What are arteries

A

Oxygenated blood vessels that carry away from the heart

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5
Q

What artery is not oxygenated

A

Pulmonary artery. Carries oxygenated blood to lungs

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6
Q

What are capillaries

A

Small blood vessels. Convey blood between arteriols and venules

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7
Q

What are veins

A

Blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood towards heart

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8
Q

What vein is not deoxygenated

A

Pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood to heart

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9
Q

What’s arteriosclerosis

A

Build up of fats, cholesterols and other substances in artery walls

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10
Q

What does arteriosclerosis do

A

Vascular disease that causes arteries to thicken and harden. Restricting blood flow and eventually can clot

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11
Q

What’s Ischemia

A

Lack of blood flow

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12
Q

What’s an Ischemic stroke

A

Blood vessel blockage. Lack of blood flow to brain

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13
Q

What’s a hemorrhagic stroke

A

Rupture of blood vessel. Causes blood leakage

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14
Q

Hypoxic drive

A

Respiratory response to low oxygen levels in blood. Prominent in COPD patients

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15
Q

Ischemia

A

Low blood flow to parts of body

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16
Q

Status epilepoticus

A

Seizures that last longer than 5 minutes or multiple seizures within five minutes that don’t break

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17
Q

Urticaria

A

Hives

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18
Q

Narcotics

A

Drugs that reduce pain. Can alter mood/behaviour. Affect nervous system

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19
Q

Opioids

A

Pain relievers

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20
Q

Croup

A

Infection causes swelling in upper airway. Barking cough

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21
Q

Focal seizure

A

Seizure that starts in one area of the brain. Usually affecting one hemisphere

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22
Q

IDDM

A

Type 1 diabetes. Insulin dependent diabetes

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23
Q

NIDDM

A

Type 2 diabetes. Non-insulin dependent

24
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Low blood sugar

25
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

Too much sugar

26
Q

Salbutamol

A

Inhaler substance (brand name ventolin) also knows as Albuterol

27
Q

Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

It’s the Fruity smell. Complication of diabetes

28
Q

Coronary artery

A

Main blood vessel that supplies oxygen to heart

29
Q

Septic shock

A

Infection causes dangerously low blood pressure and eventually organ failure

30
Q

Cardiac arrest

A

Loss of heart activity causing Sudden cessation of circulation

31
Q

Cardiogenic shock

A

When the heart can’t pump enough blood to body’s organs

32
Q

Obstructive shock

A

When blood flow is physically obstructed and prevents oxygen and blood from reaching the body’s organs

33
Q

Hypovolemic shock

A

When body loses too much blood or other fluids

34
Q

Neurogenic shock

A

When autonomic nervous system is disrupted causing loss of normal control over BP, HR and body temp.

35
Q

FAST-VAN

A

Face, arms, Speech, Time - Vision, Aphasia, Neglect

36
Q

Nexus criteria and its components

A

For deciding if full SMR is needed
1. No posterior midline cervical spine tenderness
2. No evidence of intoxication
3. Normal level of alertness
4. No focal neurological deficit
5. No painful distracting injury

37
Q

Rule of 9’s

A

Way to chart percentage of body that’s burnt

38
Q

Gastric distension

A

Inflation of the stomach

39
Q

Gestational diabetes

A

High blood sugar disorder develop during pregnancy

40
Q

Flail chest

A

Closed chest injury resulting in chest wall becoming unstable due to fractures

41
Q

Sucking chest wound

A

Open wound to chest that bubbles or makes a sucking noise

42
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Air outside lung within pleural space and partially collapsed lung

43
Q

Tension pneumothorax

A

Air trapped in pleural space and collapsed lung. Heart becomes compressed and unable to receive or pump blood

44
Q

Hemothorax

A

Partially collapsed lung and pleural space fills with blood

45
Q

Compound

A

Open

46
Q

Rigid splint

A

Rigid padded boards. Applied in line with bone and secured via knots or similar tools

47
Q

Traction splint

A

Provides counter pull to alleviate pain and reduce blood loss and further injury. Holds limb in alignment but does not realign broken bones

48
Q

Circumferential splint

A

Completely surrounds injured limb. Help reduce swelling via compression. Air splints are examples

49
Q

Abdominal evisceration

A

When abdominal organs protrude from body

50
Q

Phases of labour

A

First stage - cervix opens and baby moves down birth canal and contractions begin
Second stage - baby is born
Third stage - placenta delivery

51
Q

Adventitious sounds

A

Abnormal respiratory sounds that occur in addition to normal breath sounds

52
Q

Stridor

A

Abnormal, high-pitched respiratory sound produced by irregular airflow in a narrowed airway

53
Q

Pharmacokinetic

A

What the body does to a drug

54
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

The effects of drugs in the body and their mechanism of action

55
Q

Differential diagnosis

A

Process that helps determine most likely cause of patients symptoms by comparing a list of possible conditions

56
Q

SBAR

A

situation, background, Assessment, recommendations

EMR (8 decks)

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