Terminology

Question 1

calorimeter

Answer 1

an instrument used to measure the amount of energy in food by burning the food

Question 2

What is energy measured in?

Answer 2

kilocalorie’s (kcal) or kilojoules (kj)

Question 3

calorie

Answer 3

a unit defined as the heat needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1 degree Celsius

Question 4

How many kilojoules are in 1 calorie?

Answer 4

1kcal/cal = 4,18 (4,2)kj

Question 5

metabolic rate

Answer 5

the amount of energy we use over a period of time

Question 6

Basal Metabolic rate (BMR)

Answer 6

the amount of energy we need to stay alive, in other words, to breathe, keep our heart pumping and digest our food

Question 7

voluntary energy

Answer 7

energy that you are more or less aware of

Question 8

involuntary energy

Answer 8

energy used to maintain unconscious body activities

Question 9

DER - Daily Energy Requirement

Answer 9

the amount of food energy needed to maintain ideal body mass and to keep up a desirable level of physical activity to keep you fit and healthy

Question 10

BMI - Body Mass Index

Answer 10

a measurement of body fat based on height and weight that applies to both men and women between the ages of 18 and 65

Question 11

RDA - Recommended Dietary Allowances

Answer 11

recommended amount of nutrients that should be consumed on a daily basis

Question 12

DRI - Dietary Reference Intake

Answer 12

values that represent the minimum needs of a population

Question 13

GDA - Guideline Daily Amounts

Answer 13

values based on the needs of a typical adult woman/man of average weight and fitness

Question 14

food

Answer 14

any edible substance that provides nourishment when consumed

Question 15

food group

Answer 15

a group of foods that contain the same type of nutrients

Question 16

food pyramid

Answer 16

a graphic representation of a healthy diet

Question 17

nutrients

Answer 17

substances from the foods we eat, which provide us with nourishment

Question 18

nutrition

Answer 18

the process whereby essential nutrients are obtained and used to manufacture the substances our bodies need to be healthy

Question 19

diet

Answer 19

the daily food eaten by an individual

Question 20

balanced diet

Answer 20

a diet that contains food from all the five food groups in correct proportions to maintain good health and an ideal body mass

Question 21

eating pattern

Answer 21

refers to the habits of an individual in reference to their diet,
often governed by culture, religion, family habits, geographical environment, personal likes and dislikes

Question 22

meal plan

Answer 22

includes all the food required for a specific meal or meals for a whole day

Question 23

serving/portion

Answer 23

refers to the amount of food served at each meal

Question 24

menu

Answer 24

a list of dishes with their accompaniments served during a meal in a specific order or in specific courses

Question 25

“course”

Answer 25

refers to how a meal is divided
eg. starter, main dish and its accompaniments and vegetables, dessert

Question 26

GI - Glycaemic Index

Answer 26

measures how much food containing carbohydrates will raise levels of glucose in the blood on a scale of 1 - 100