Terminologies in Introduction to Pharmacology Flashcards
___________ is the study of drugs and how they exert their effects on living systems.
Pharmacology
A process by which a drug enters the bloodstream from its site of administration.
Absorption
True or false: Side effects are undesired, inadvertent, and unexpected dangerous effects of the medication.
False
___________ are inactive medications that chemicals or enzymes activate after they enter the body.
Prodrugs
No drug is ideal, but identifying what constitutes an ideal drug will help us understand how medicines have developed over time. Give the 6 properties of an ideal drug.
- Effectiveness
- Safety
- Selectivity
- Reversible Action
- Predictability
- Ease of Administration
What is the term for giving a large initial dose in order to achieve a therapeutic effect while maintaining a steady state?
Loading Dose
Identify the FDA Pregnancy Category for drugs where animal studies have not demonstrated fetal risk and no studies in pregnant women have been conducted.
Pregnancy Category B
The percentage of administered drug available for activity is called ___________.
Bioavailability
It describes the relationship between a drug’s therapeutic dose and its toxic dose.
Therapeutic Index
Drug is any chemical that can affect living processes. Give the 3 different names that can be used to identify a drug.
- Chemical Name
- Generic Name
- Trade/Brand Name
What is the difference between Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics?
Pharmacodynamics: “What the drug does to the body”
Pharmacokinetics: “What the body does to the drug”
___________ are drugs that block the activity of agonists on a receptor or the subsequent response, but have no effect of its own.
Antagonists
True or false: Drugs classified as Schedule I are those that have no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse.
True
A process in which a drug gets metabolized at a specific site in the body, reducing the amount of active drug available to exert a pharmacologic effect.
First Pass Effect
The ___________ of a drug relates to how poisonous or harmful a substance is. This occurs when a person has an excessive amount of a drug in their bloodstream, causing negative effects on the body.
Toxicity
