Central Nervous System Drugs Flashcards
___________ drugs are used to treat psychiatric disorders, to suppress seizures, to relieve pain, and to provide anesthesia.
Central Nervous System
A slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremor, rigidity, postural instability, and slowed movement.
Parkinson’s Disease
True or false: Monitoring blood levels is a nursing consideration with phenytoin. The therapeutic level should be between 10-20 mcg/mL.
True
___________ is a first-line drug that converts to dopamine and activates dopamine receptors.
Levodopa
An opioid antagonist that suppresses craving and pleasurable effects of alcohol.
Naltrexone
How many compounds in the central nervous system function as neurotransmitters?
21
A direct-acting agent used to treat malignant hyperthermia and is particularly most effective for spasticity of cerebral origin.
Dantrolene Sodium
___________ blocks the peripheral conversion of levodopa, allowing it to be transported to the brain.
Carbidopa
A seizure is a sudden rush of abnormal electrical activity in your brain. Give the 2 major types of seizures.
- Partial Seizures
- Generalized Seizures
MAO-A inhibitors should never be given with ___________ foods or ___________ since they both increase norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system.
Tyramine-rich, Levodopa
What blocking drugs relax skeletal muscles by disrupting the transmission of nerve impulses at the motor end plate?
Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
___________ suppresses seizures by potentiating the effects of GABA and can be used as daytime sedative “sleeping pills.”
Phenobarbital
A group of disorders characterized by excessive excitability of neurons in the central nervous system.
Epilepsy
True or false: If you have withdrawal symptoms after discontinuing a drug, you have a physical dependence, which means your brain and body rely on them.
True
The ___________ impedes drugs from entering the brain, and passage is limited to lipid-soluble agents or via specific transport systems.
Blood-brain Barrier
A rare long-term brain condition that causes a person to suddenly fall asleep at inappropriate times.
Narcolepsy
___________ is given to increase child’s attention span and cognitive performance.
Methylprenidate
Anti-epileptic drugs are the most commonly used treatment for epilepsy. What are the four mechanisms of anti-epileptic drugs?
- Suppression of Sodium Influx
- Suppression of Calcium Influx
- Antagonism of Glutamate
- Potentiation of GABA
True or false: To reduce the effects of drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, and ataxia, the first dose of gabapentin should be taken at bedtime.
True
___________ is the cornerstone of epilepsy therapy. When administered alone, the therapeutic range is 4-12 mcg/mL.
Carbamazepine