Terminologies in Introduction to Pharmacology

Question 1

This is defined as any chemical that can affect living processes

Answer 1

Drug

Question 2

This is defined as the use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, treat disease, or to prevent pregnancy, or simply, the medical use of drugs

Answer 2

Therapeutics

Question 3

The relationship between the therapeutic dose and toxic dose of a drug

Answer 3

Therapeutic Index

Question 4

It is the most important property a drug can have, one that elicits the responses for which it is given

Answer 4

Effectivity

Question 5

The undesired, inadvertent, and unexpected dangerous effects of a medication

Answer 5

Adverse effects

Question 6

A stage in drug development where drugs are first evaluated for toxicities, pharmacokinetic properties, and potentially useful biologic effects, before it can be tested in humans, and may take 1 to 5 years

Answer 6

Pre- Clinical Testing

Question 7

These are controlled substances with high abuse potential and no accepted medical use. These drugs are not prescribed, dispensed or administered

Answer 7

Schedule I

Question 8

A property of an ideal drug in which drug action subsides within an appropriate time

Answer 8

Reversible Action

Question 9

A type of medication order that stands for Pro re nata, which means ‘as needed’. With this order, the nurse has discretion regarding when and how much to give of a drug

Answer 9

PRN Medications

Question 10

The movement of a drug from its site of administration into the blood

Answer 10

Absorption

Question 11

This is the drug proprietary name, chosen by the drug company and has registered trademark

Answer 11

Trade/Brand Name

Question 12

An ethical consideration stating that, it is a duty to protect research subjects from harm

Answer 12

Beneficence

Question 13

These are drugs found to be safe and appropriate for use without direct supervision or a prescription from a health care provider

Answer 13

Over-the-counter drugs

Question 14

These are medications that can mimic the receptor activity

Answer 14

Agonist

Question 15

This is when a drug reaches its highest concentration in the blood

Answer 15

Peak

Question 16

The percentage of administered drug available for activity reaching the systemic circulation

Answer 16

Bioavailability

Question 17

Also called as plateau drug level, this happens when the amount of drug administered is equal to the amount of drug being eliminated

Answer 17

Steady state

Question 18

This is defined as a drug movement from the blood to the interstitial space of tissues, and from there into cells

Answer 18

Distribution

Question 19

This refers to the rapid hepatic inactivation of certain oral drugs

Answer 19

First Pass Effect

Question 20

A state in which abrupt discontinuation of drug use will precipitate a withdrawal syndrome

Answer 20

Physical dependence